HLUQ ON ODC HU ]QEHF GUQD OF]Q CHG PE LN HU O HSK CHG VTHL RN OUH
HU MWLG GIG POHUD GUQG JN GIH [HQ HL]HYQ GI LFL OUH C[L PLZOCG ]CF PLQ PO
PYHUH LJN DHJO PLUQD [DE]GO G[HDEG ]FQF ]OHTWG CHG PLZOC C[L COH GLD DL]NF
CHGH LGQ H]OHUW JNH HL]H[HDE ON UFHL PLZOCC[LG NCQ GIG OLJG ]C LO GU LFL
UD[C PG HUF ZG VH[O DGOG CD GIQH LG RHY[N OF]GOH H[YL HDNO [DE]Q
HGIH PLU[ KGO] GDGOGH H]HOF]GD HL]HJN VZH] ON O [WTQG HGI HQU LC ]HCQ
DZUL U[I H[[D]S CO RQI ONH HSHY[ L[DHU OU TUNG MQS GC[LG ]FQ FYQ VTHLF CIEH[G
RSD[Q CD[HY ONH G[H]G [H CHG GCOF CU[ID LN PGLDCO GU[ P]DF PE CLDG L[QEO
OJ[F CU[ID ]HHYQG GUQ [HH CLTN]CFCQOUG CLG LN RL[FGST O RDH[H L[HQF
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JOLH L[ KL[IUQQ DF[O G[H] [HC DL H[F CJ DF ]H[UL UU
F N Z VF
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PLQNJG [C ]UF GSLCH L]UF HI [QHON LSC [QHC LEFGO M[YHG MNO >LD[N COF ]HLSQ LQ]T GQNH GQN HSLYQ
RCN ONG RCN LSC PC ES GNHTD [QC LD[ O OHFEG HSZI RZIG OOG HIG PLCLSG ]OH LDC OYC HSLYQ GSG@
H[QC RNH OOG OU IT ]HDH]NH CO ]D U@ ]HOWH GHSU ]FQD HSLLKYS PGLS LN UHFLH RN [QC GSLNG OU P L[WH
LSC G ]C HOKLD LN >CKJ ]C[LH GHSU GOKD LD[ ]QQ P H[QC RNH HLSU LHG FLTJ LHG HGHFLWTG GKHT VHT C]WTH]D
GSLN G]LG ]HCLYQD HOHKLD PYHUO HSLD[ GQ ]SLJDNH GSLNO GSHHNG RCN LSC PC OOG [QCNH RHLOUG LSC O
CNLCF GHSU LS]] CO GKHT VHTD H[QC GQ IQ[O L GIDH@ HSZIN LSC LHKLDD Q]S LD[ VCH HSH[E MH]Q ][DFQ
HD[ZD OOJ HDO GU MOQG FHFN PHON GQ[EQ GO ]LOF ]HNOQG ]FQ OC[L LCLS ]FQ CLGH >HI GFQ HSLLG C S C
RHCH JN PQYUO PLDHJH [DF LO PL[QHC GQFS PHZQD VC GFHGL KD ]SHN] OU CDHQ C ELH DZUL ]LD [WTDH
MH]Q ][DFQ GSLNG [QCQQ CHG LSC P[QC MC LSC PQYU OU H[QC CO PFYQ PG P]HC [[DL FUH UFHLG ]LG PSQC
> PSH[E
GLFLO CL]C [WQ PD[ GLFLO CLKQF FU G[HND ZOJ VC GLFLO CLKQF FU GS]Q GQ
HD OKHS [HNDG RLC R]LO OHNL HSLC DCG [DF ONH HO GLG CO GQ R]LO OHNL DCG RLC R]HSG FLO
PLS LW HD OKHS [HNDG RLC PLQNJO GHOQ RLF RN JD RLFN [CHDQ MHQTD C[QEDH G[HND ZOJ
H[NQO [WC LCH OLCHG MC >JDN CO@ G]LQ ]UD PLLZ [DN DHJG LW OU VC PHQ HSLLGH
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DCG O GSL]S ]H[WCD GLHO] [HNDG ]H[L RLC
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GUQD M[HY RLCH HO COLQQ CHG COG GHOQD PLS LW OKHS HSLC [HND UHFQ RN PCH RLSZ GUQ HD TW]S RLC PHQ COC
[DF HSLC MNOG QQ HD RLC DHJG PYU PUKQ COC RLSZG GUQD RH[TJ HSLC G[H]GQ GHOQD RLSZ RLC GI GC[SH "RLSZ
KQ
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HO ]]O PHQ PLS LW RLFQ PE KUQ]S PYUD GSL]SH GCSZG HD RLC [DF ONH PYUD GSZSG
LW [HNDG PGQ OKHS HCL PGD RLCH DCGQ PLDHSEG PLYWJ LNF[QGQ LJU[ QHJ CQ[G CLDG GQ [CDO L GI LWOH
R]LOH [HNQO H]H[D PSLC LWUC [QHO L [HQCG LWO MC PS]LOH P[NQO DCG ]H[D PSLC COG GQ] C[EGH PLS
PYUD R]LSG [DF HSLC DHJO GQHF GI RLCH HO ]]O RLF HD MLL CHG HO L[G XWJG VHE ]C L[HQO HO L [JCQ MC
> FE ]HOJS L[IU LDC LWU ]HQQ HD RLC LWO
FLO CHDL FU G[HND ZOJ VC O D Z Q G F L O CL]CF FU GS]Q GQ PLSHC[D CDHQ [JC H[LW
GCHHGG GZ GI H[LWOH GJLDG LUZ[Z [QHO OHNL RLC JDD PLS LW OKHS HSLC RNOH [HNDG
][HF GUFG LWO GSHL HSD[ D]N RNCH G]LQ ]UD ]QLLZ GQYU GHOQG COG GHOQO JD RLD
HO CYQL [C ONDQ JD ]KUQQ MHQTD CLEHTGH JDD COC GHOQD ]CI MLL RLC HO ]]OQ
JDO GHOQ GHQ MNOH
PL[WQ L HI GNOGD ]H]HZWSG OU HFQU PLSHC[G LC[ OKHS LSLCH R]HS LSLC [QC PCH
PLZZIS RLF ]LD RLCH PLSKZ PG HC PLG ]SLFQO HNOG RHEN HSLSWO PSLC PL[HLG [C RWHCD
ZHOLT LFL OU MNOG GSHL HSD[H TH] PD[U PGD ]ONHC ]LD[ RLC PC PLSKZ PLQH]L LTNSQ ]HDEO
HLSWD CO PFCQ PLU[WS JW ]HDH]N CD[ L[DFO VCH@ HDHJ ]HDEO DHJOUDG ]H[WCD RLC [HNDG
RLSUO GSLQ CZWS PLG ]SLFQD HO DHLH MOHGH H[DJ O HL]HUQ OKHS FJCH FJC ON CGL CO LFN
JK ]HDH]N LQOH[L LWU CD[ HLTNSO HF[L PFHZ HULFHGO PLQUW O ]H[EC HO JHOO ML[Y
GHHOG ]Q PC ODC PLG ]SLFQO MOG NJCH GHO HQYU GHHOGN COC CD[ [QC CO D]N CDKL[GH
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HQYU ZOTO H]H[WCD RLC CQOUF GHHO ZHOLTG ]H[WC PYUD CLG C]HZWSG D]N CEQ RD L[GH
COC LTNS [HNQOH PHO MDHJ ]LLDEGD OWKQ LSLC LSC MLSWO LTNS GSG HDHJ OUDO [QHOH HLTNSQ
RLLFU LN PLTNSGQ ZO]TGO LC[ [HNDG HOLCH PGQ UH[WO LFN HLTNS OU IL[NGOH JH[KO H]HC PLWHN
HOLCH LJU[ QHJ MH[URJOG ]UFD UQTG KZS RNH FL[GH GQ[G ]UF RNH G[HND ZOJD GNI CO
FFYH UH[WO PLTNSD OWKLGO GYH[ HSLC LQO PLKHD PLWHN LNH GI RLF OU HGQ] R[GH CD[G
GHYQ ]HUO GYH[ LSLC [QHCN H]HWNO L GHYQ DHJ OUD ]UL[W [QHCG ]UFO CQ CD[G
FDOD PLTNSO GFL[LD COC PLKHD PLWHN RLC HW ]HDH]N U GNOGO POHCH
CQH [JC OUHWD JH[KO PL[HLG ]C DLLJO CEQ RD L[ ]SHHN RLC [LW HKDN GHOH GHOQ GC]LO] L[IU LDC [WTD
L[G VTN POO CHG PDHLJ PYUD RHLN MC H[L UZ[ZD PLQOQ COC VTN CLDGO PLDLHJQ PSLC L[G UZ[ZG ][LNQH
GDEQH VTN ][HQ] UZ[ZG [NHQ HOLCN P]HDEGO PGLTNS ]C P FD CYQS VTN ][H]D ]LUS GQYU UZ[ZG ]LLDE
HFHDU GDHEH JUDG CD COC G[HND ZOJQ DHJG RHU[W ]DHJQ PYUD [KWS HGL[G ZO]TQ [HND ODC VTNG ]C JUDO
CQHD HUK PC HOLWC ]QLLZ CLG G[LNQ RLFN FD ]QH ]CYQS VTN POO HDHLJ PC CQHD FD HUK PC GSLQ CZWSH
HUK PCH GLLDEG GUQD PLJHON COC PSLC R]QHD L[G POO DLLJ HSLC LQO RLQ FD PC NCQ DQ RLHFZ U
RLSQDH GFQD [DF ON RLFN [IHJ HG OND HOLWC G]QHD
OLKGO PUKH GDLT RLCH@ PL[HLG OU OKHQ ]HDEGO OUHWD DHLJG PKHWN CEQ L[G L[DF [WO GC[S GLG G[HCNOH
GI RLSUO COC >HSHQQD HGWN HWHED HGWHN G]C FU CD[G ]GLQ]NH@ PLKHD GLLWN RLSUO CO MC >RLF ]LD OU HI GDHJ
HO [QHO PLOHNL RLCH HO H]N[UG LWN CQH COO UZ[ZG ]HDEO JUDG LC[ PLTNSG ]C RLQ PL[HLG RLC RQI ON
HSQQ CQHG ]DHJ ]UZHW [HNDG ZHOLTD NCQ PGLOU ]OKHQ CQHG ]DHJ L[G MDHJQ []HL ]OKS
S
FNZ VF C[]D CDD
CLG C]HZWSGH HL]HDHJ UH[WO HLDC ]H[LD GYH[ HSLC PC H]HC PLWHN RLC POHUO [LW FDC[GH
OHNL RLC DHH G[HND ZOJQ ZO]TGO GOZ GOLJQD LF GS]QN RHFLS [HNDG ZOJ RHLN G[IJ RLSUO
OJ CO LN HD [HIJO OHNL RN [QC PC PE >]HKLW ZOJD [HNDG HC@ PL[HL [C NCQ HD [HIJO
FHUH ]HWTH]D HD]N RNH H][LQCD PHON
GZHOJ PFHZ [HNDO HO RLC FQO P PD[D QNH C]NOGH GF HNZ TH]U PLSHC[ FHUH HNZ ROGO R[G ]UFH@
>[HIJO OHNL RLC H]OLJQ GOLUHG GZHOJ PFHZ HO L GNOGO Z[H HD [HIJO OHNLH GZHOJ ]U PFHZ H]OLJQ GOLUHQ RLC
[[DHG MN [JCH PL[HLGQ DHJ OUD GDE PC GW[LK ]HL[JC RLSUO ][JC C]HZWS D]N FL[GH
ZO]TGO OHNL [HNDGH DHJ OUDO DH ]HDEGO PLDLLJH ]HL[JCD PL[HLG PLCHS CLG GOHIE GF
GDEL L[HQG FLD CYQS HOLCN TNSG L[G COC G[H] LO G]NLI GS]QD XWJ LSLC [QHOH G[HNDG ZOJQ
COC RN GSLC DG VHT ICL[G ]UF POHCH L]HKLW ZOJQ G]HL[JCD DLLJ]C COH HSQQ HDHJ DHJ OUD
FU DHJ OUDO PLFDUHQ GHHOG LTNS ON GSQQ ZO]TGO OHNL RLCH ]HL[JCD DLLJ]Q [HNDG VC
HDHJ GDEL
]WTHS M[F L[LCQD UH
FJHLQ FHQLO COO PE LWUC C[YQ FJC GLO CD]LQO CHGG PLS LW DL]NG LQS RSD[H
OU CHG [HQE DHLJ [HNDD DH]NG RQ HSFQO DHKGH [LG ]LUH PHQ FJC [YLQD HO R]LO RLFD
MN OU PLWHNH RLF LW
G]HC G]LG HOLWC DH]NG FLJ RCN PDQ[ C[YQ [DF CSLF OU PLWHN CQOUD PLZTHWG ]HUFOH
GFO GNLQTGO LFN [HNDO GS]LO L [JC JC O GF PU ]ODHE CLG HC ]LFU >]LUYQCG@ UZ[Z
LH ]HH ]HUZ[ZG RLC PC C[G LWU KZS CQ[G HOLCH DFUZ QHJ MH[U RJOD KZS RNH ODZQ ][JCG
PLSO GF ON PLZOHJ ]HFG ]ZHOJD C]HZWS
RLCH OLZF LELOW CO CQOU LOHNF RHK[L ZLTCH CU[C PLOCH COZLF CWW D[ [QC
[HNDO RLC ROGO [DHT HQYU CWW D[ COG [QC] PCH LHC[ RLFN OZFD VTH]S ZOJG ]C PLSF
"PLQNJO PLS LW OKHS UHFQH JLDG CHG HO OZF [QHO MLL RLC HL[DFO RN PCH GZHOJ PFHZ
GI PE CDKL[G D]N HOLDG ]H[LW RHEN@ JQYG O OHFLEH ]HDU]G RCNQ JLNHGO L G[HCNOH
[HIJO HO [WC LCH PL[JCO H]HSZGO PFC OHNLH POHUO CD CO [DFN RHFLS HSLC > PLOCH COZF N
[HNDG OKHS RNOH G[LNQ ]UD POHUO HCD [DN HOLCN MN [JC VLTHQ PLOHFLEG ]C PLCH[ LN HD
G[LNQ ]HOJ RLSUO GSLQ CZWSH@ GLFLO CL]CF GS]QN PL[JCO H]HSZGO OHNL DCGH OLCHG PLS LW
>OFELNO ]H[UQH ]HQH[] ][WGH LUD[ RHLFW RLSUO RNH [HQCN RLOHFLEG OU G[IJ ]H[WC LCH
COC@ ]UN P]HSZGO [WC LCH POHUO CD CO [DFN PLOHFLEG PLDJS POHUO [QHOH ]HJFO LH
]HNI ]C GSHZO [NHQG ]OLJQ FYQ Z[ ]H[LWG ]WTH] OU [NQG OJ HOLD CO OZF ]H[LW [NHQG
DJS PHQ HSLLG PLS LW OKHS [HNDG GQH >[NHQG FLQ GU OND HJD GSHZ GOGH GZLSLG
LSDCDH FLZT JU[ RJG ]HYZD KZS RNH GSL]SD MLL HSLC PEG ]]OQ ]CI PLKUQQ RLC MNOG LHYQ N
PGL[DFQ UHQO RLC POHCH@ RCN GSHL HSD[ L[DFQH FL C[G L[DFQ UQQ RNH FLZT Y PLCHOQ
C]LO N RSLDJ G[HND RLSUO CZHF [WC POHUO CD CO [DFN RHFLS CQOUD CTLE MFLCO
PGLOU OJ RLSZG RLC ]HCLYQD L[G POHUO RLOHFLEG HCD CO FHU ON HD [HIJO OHNL PHQ GSL]SD
CS
]UF VTHL
]WTH]G RLSUO VC GCSZG HD OLUHQ HLOCQ OFE CHGH POHUD OZFG [ZLU RHLN [QHO RN]L RLLFU ODC
HGS CJ GQO ]JSQ LWU >]H[UQH ]HQH[] ][WGH RHLFW RLSUO RNH
GC[S RNH POHUO CD CO [DF OOND HSLC FNH XUG JD U[Q DLN GF JNZ ROGO L[LCQG RHO KWQ UHQO GC[SH
ONG L[DFO POHUO CD [DF PLDJS HKSJ ]H[LW DQZ ROGO FL[H]D [HWQ
OHNLDN HU OC[L RN DCO H]HC GU CHG PHQ PLS LW OKHS [HNDG OC[L L[ND LSD
DNF ]HQ GQNJ MQ KHWH OD]D HFHJLH H]JEG H[LNG PG POHUGO DCO ]LGO
RHHNQG Z[ OON PLSD PLH[Z PSLC PGF PHNUG FES GSHHNG RLCH L[ND LSD PLC[ZS OC[L GSGH
L[HND LSD OC[LH PLZOC LSD RLC[ZS PLNCOQG FES
OHQLS GOLQ HQN CHGH OC[L L[ND LSD [HD PL[HZ OC[L H[[D]S ]L[LU GNQDH
C[ZS OC[L O V H E G ]HFZ OU IQ[Q GOLQ Z[ ZLFY C[ZSH OC[L GUSH GSHQO
CHG L[ND LSD HC[ZS OC[L W S OU G[HQ [HNDG ]HFZH PL[HQJ [D MWLG FHZ [D
LSD [LW F LJLH DZUL ]LD [WTDH DGFW ]FHUTO ZLFY L[W LWU PLNCOQO GQFZ JLQ O HJH[
]HQHCG LWON L[ND
G N Z VF
LW OU VC ZSDD PLFZWHQG PLWTN GC[S RHGHDC ZD ]HUQ LSG HCOF COF ]HUQ CS LCQ
COH LHC[ PLDJS FLQ P[LIJGO ]L]OQQ ]HD[U PGLOU L PC VCH GU OND G[IJGO PLFQHU
LW PGD OKHS [HNDG RLC MNOG DCG [LCG VTN H]HC HSLCH VTND PLQ]Q PLZSDG RHLN ZIJHQ
PLS
X[CD PLZSDD ODHZQN@ RHFZW GYJQ GHOQ GYJQ OU ]TTDHQG CZTLU LWTND PLZTHWG HSF [DNH
DUZ CJ DZUL ]HD JU[ QHJ KWQG [U IJU[ FHL CZU[ LHFJ U ZIJHQN HC LHC[N PSLF PCG >OC[L
TTGO L POHCH ZIJHQ RHFZWG ZOJ HOLCH LHC[ C[ZS GKHS PL[HQG ]UF GHOQG ZOJ RLSUOH
ODZQG COC RLUD [IHJ HSLC RHFZWG ZOJ PE IUZ FHLD [CHDQG LWU PLZSDD PHLN ]HEHGSG ]HZTLUD
ZWTG LSWQ PL[HLQ RHQQ CLYHGO GZH LHC[ OOND GI PE [WC HWS ]HHCN HWLOJQH HCLYHQ
ZSDD PLUZHQG PLWTN KHW [DFN KZS FZ CJ UGC GQ ]H[EC ]HD PE UH HK[ FJ LHOG KD ]H LWU
LHC[ RLF RLSUO GHOQN PSLF >P GOCG RHFLSN OHJD WNU@
PLDJS NLWUC PU[WO ]HSNHQQH ]HDLHJQ ]HSLFQG DHJL[K ]HFHC FO QHJ CQZ GFHGLD UFHS ]HD UH
LHC[ N
RO C[LDT CO ROH RSL[QCZ CD[UQ LSDF CQUK CLZ RQJS D[O COH CLZ LFLFO CO GLO [QC
MND [QHO LH "UZ[Z CS LCQH ]HUQ CS LCQ GSHC[G CLHZG OU HDLG GDH] GQ GZ
DS