PC GQGD COH PFC ONCQ HSLC PEG R]W OU H[IE PUKD EG ]H[UQ LQOH[LD HZOJS
TSZ PHQ HC ]LULD ]HFZ HD L HD OFE U[IG LSWQ HC PLJLWT [HTLC ][IEQ
LH JG ]H[UQ [ PL[L]Q L FHJGQ RHSYH ]WO U[I RHEN ONCS HSLC U[I ]JLZOH
FLELJ GKLQ PDQ[ PL[THC
HOLWC HSQQ JZLO [THC GFHGL LD[ RLOHJ PO IKDL [UQ PDQ[ [UQ HC GQH[] [NHQ ]HLGO FHJG D
RHEN GQH[] ]ZLI HD L [DF COC JZLO [HTC RLC [QHC RHUQ LD[ HGHTSZ TSZ PHQ JOQH PLQ
]LI RQ PGD PLD[UQ PLEF LD[Z
H[LDTGH PLIHEC HSQQ JZLO CO CD[ HTSZH []HQ ]ZIJD [HTCDOJ [NHQ GLG JDK OU H[WLT RNH
HO CLDGO PLIHECD PLJDKG LFOL ]C FJQ GLG PL[UQ GLG PLIHEC LU LWOH RHUQ LD[N G[HG
PLIHECD HTSZ MNO >KLZ FHL IKH GL[W [HK U PL[DF [C HC@ [HTC DOJ
LKHZLO NHSDH IKDL [UQ PDQ[ J GW C[ RDQ[O ]H[HND OG RHUQ [N GNOG GIQ UQQ C
OLUO U PLSHC[G DH[ ]UF RN RLC ODC GFHGL LD[ FESN [N GNOG CQOUD PE PLKZHS LH@ ]HNOG
IZT P IKH KLZ JDH LD FQ ZD ZQKL PLSHC[DH HQ RLDH[LU CL
GQH[] D[UO C[LL]Q LWQ []HQ ]H[YHC ODC HLSWO ONQ COC HSQQ JZLO [HTLC RLC D
IKDL [UQ PDQ[ ONG FLTWLH [DFG UFHHL CQ H[YHCD
L[W LWU GOLNCD PL[HTC FNH PLIHEC FHJGQ HSZH H[DU PC FDULFD VC D]N LQ L E
FZT KLZ [CH]
GQH[] ]ZLI PGD L PL[DF P]HCD ODC JOQH PLQD TSZ CO RHUQ LD[O PE UQQ F
MC GI RWHCD [HTLCO HJO RLC RLFG FYQ RSD[F RL[HTLCDH ZHJ[ JD HOLWC ]HSZO [TC
OLNGO FHJ HSLC PC ODC PFC LSD OLNGOH ]HCQ[D [HNQO FHJD CZHF GI [D]TQ
PL[LN PL[NHQ RHENH@ PL[HTLC RLSUO OON ]HSQCS HO RLCH G[H] [QH HSLC LWUC ]HQ[OH
PLOLE[G PLOONG LWO RHFO L COC FHJ RLF RCN RLC >KZ[Q[WHTN ]HOHFE RHIQ ]H][D
HY FJ JHC GQ ]H[EC LWU RSD[FH C]L[HCF CZLWTH KHULQH DH[ ]HZWTD
O VF
"HCO PC PL[JC PL[DFO FHJ CHG PCG FJC [DF OU FHJG C FQ
GLHO L[DF ODZO CD LHO RD RNH "H]HC PLODZQ PCG FJC [DFQ XHJ ]H[DJ L[DF HLOU ODZO CDG D
"H]HC PLODZQ PCG MWGO HC ]H[GK [CD COH PLFL]OLKSD ]H[LGI UU ODZQG RGN HC
"PLODZQ NJC Z[H GOLJ] H]HC PLFQOQ HC FLQ H]HC PLODZQ PCG ]H[DJ L[DF ODZO CDG E
"[DJG O HC ODZQG O H]LD LSD O PSLF GQH "]H[DJ L[DF PLODZQ FYLN F
"]H[DJ L[DF ODZO ML[Y GDLLD DHLG RZI HC PNJ FLQO] PCG G
RN OZO FHJ [HQJG OU FHJG HOLCH [HQJG OU FHJ HSLC OZG OU FHJG HS]LEHTQ GOHUG C
CDLZU LD[ ]UFNH HS]SQ GQ]T
UQQ L[QH TH] RLOHJ ]ZIJD LS [UQ [HNQO [UQG OU FHJ HSLC ]LULDG OU FHJG MNOG
GFHGL LD[ O HQHZQD POHCH CZHF GQHJG RQ PLSWO ONCS [QHJ [UQD L ODK [HTLC RLSUO [LW
[UQO FHJ ]LULDG OU P FHJG MNOG PFC LSD OU G[HQJ G]LG ]LULD
JL[
]H[HND PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
RHLFW GO RLC MND [UQQ G[HQJ ]LULD ]LULDG OU FHJ HSLC [UQG OU FHJG
U GN[DD ODK LCFHN HL]H[LW [UO L ]H[UQG OU FHJG L[ RHOQ ZLLFO L
CZU[
RSD[FQ G[GKD RLOHJ ]OLNC LN []HL PLOZ PG ]H[GKG OU FHJ [UQG ]LULDG OU FHJG
][LQD EGHS HGHSLC[ PC GSQG PU C]LL[DG ][L]T DHLD LUOLC LD[ L[DFO ]H[GKG OU FHJG
OCUQL LD[D LCSL LD[ L[DFOH PGLOU FHJ HCO PCH PGLOU FHJ HSLC CUSYD ]H[UQH ]LULD
]H[DJ L[DF ODZH [DUD PGLS OU FHJ GLG PC ODC PGLOU FHJ HSLC RN EGHS HGHSLC[ CO PC VC
]H[UQG OUH ]LULDG OU PE FJS ]H[GKG OU FHJ HGHSLC[ G]UH
ONO FHJ FJC [DFO FHJG [DHT ]LULDG OU FHJ [UQG OU FHJG HOLWC [LCQ LD[ ]UFO
ONO FHJ HGHU HSLC PLHTQ [DF OU CQOUD J ODC ZIJHGD COC [LCQ LD[ [QC CO@ G[H]G
>HO ROGO C[QE LWU G[H]G
[HQJO FHJ HSLC OZO FHJG OCUQL LD[D LCSL LD[NH PLQNJN GSQ P]TN GNOG C
DHH ]H[DJ ODLZH PGLSD FJS PCH HSQQ OZG [DFO COC GOHN G[H]G ONO FHJ HSLC RNH
]HNOG LKHZLO MDH FLH KLZ FHLD PE UH GSHL HSD[Q J ROGO C[U [HQJO FHJ OZG OU FJS
HCO PC PGLS OU FHJ [DUD GLG PC ZHOLJ RLC PDQ[G ]UFD CLH
[QCS ]HFUO OHTW ]HODS ONHCG RLL[DU U IN RL[FGSTD LLDCN GNOG ]HFU RLSUO POHCH@
> HO ROGO C[H TH] LWU >FU U[ ]] OC
LLDCN OLLZF QLWU FO EW RL[FGST IHC LC GF KT RLDH[LU TH]U [LCQ LD[N GNOG HD]N LH
RHQQ ]HFUO OHTW TLUNGO ]HODS OHNCO [QHQD
HLOU GUSYD FLWZQ HGHSLC[ CO PC [HQJO FJS OZG OU FHJG GC[S LUOLC LD[ ]UFO D
CHIJ GUSYD EGHS HGHSLC[ HOLWC OZG OU FHJ [HQJO FHJGH CLEHTG KWN PLFZ RCY
HS]LEHT LWU CLL ]LULD
PG PL[HTLCG LSN COC HSQQ OZO FHJ FJC [HTLC OU FHJG H[QC CO PLZTHW HD]N E
LWU DLZT P MH KLZ LTHT FHL LDU ]HONCQO PLUEHSG PL[HTLCD RHEN RLSU H]HCQ
F RLOHJ FTHLDH P FHL GDD[Q OHEFD UUH D DJ LHOG KD ]HD GNOGO ZTW RNH CD[GH RDQ[G
HSLQCGO RLC FJC RLQO [QHQ ODC ]JC PUW Z[ [DU FHJD COC MG [QC CO C CJ FHL QEC UH
]HDH UZ RDQ[O ]HTJHLQG ]HD U GI ZHOLJ UQQD RLC P[HZQD PLSHC[G L[DFD UYH [JC [HTLCD
FT CJ CD[G
OU FHJ [HQJG OU FHJG PCG ]ZHOJQD LHS GI RLF [ZLU UQQ P FHL GQ LN[FD
OZG
MD CDHQ P GL[WG LWU GCSG HD HO L [DFD COC OZG OU FHJ HSLC PL[QHC LH
IKDH
OZO FHJ HLOU FHJG [HQJO PLHTQ [DF DJS PHZQ H]HCD ]HL[DG LSLUD ON F
POHCH GFHGL [ O HQHZQD ]LULDG OU FHJ RLSUO C[QED [CHDQNH KLZ FHL [HKGH J C[G
RN]L LN HLOU FJS RLC []HL OZ CHG ]HL[DG LSLUD LWUC HSHUD [HQJ [JCG [DFG PC
LSLUD PLHTQ [DFO FHJG D]N LC RHIJDH [HKG ]UFD M []HL HLOU DLDJ PLQ FHDNH
UHG ]UFD [DFD ZW]TS DLZT KLZ FHL MGH ]QCD [HQJO FHJ [HQJ CHG PLSC
]QCG LWO SHUD [HQJGH OZG [JC PLNOHG PFC LSD LSLUD P][QHJD PLHG PL[DFD CQ
J[WG NNH
NN
KL[
]UF VTHL
FHJG PLSHC[ GQN HD]N PFC LSD LSLUD RG SHUD RG P][QHJD PLHG PL[HTLC LS G
PLZOHJ LH RCN PDQ[O GSQG H[LWH RDQ[H TH]U H]HQN [HTLC OU FHJ FJC OU
CKL[GQ UH KLZ [CH] L[WH HDO DOHK PJH[L HSD[ LWU
FN ]HDH]NH RCN TH]U HCO PC ]LULDG OU FHJ CHG PC PLSHC[G HZOJS P]T X[CG PU H
L[ ]UFN C[QHJO PLKZHS GC[S GNOG RLSUO QU CHIJG D]NH FHUH KO GNHTH
[LQJGO MNHJ RLOHJD CD[G PEH RCN TH]GH [GH PDQ[G
]HLH]LJWG PGD RLC PLSC P]HC L[G ]H[DJ L[DF HODLZ PL[DJ HSO RLC GIG RQIDH
PLSQCS ]LULD [HTLCD PL[GISH >U ]HQLHTQ ]HHYQD PLIOIQ@ DN GKHTD ]H[NISG
GLOU
HFLUQ COH HSF CO [DFG OU FHJG ON OONG GI
RSD[FQ RG ]H[GK GSQD [HWQNH RSD[FD RG C]L[HCF RL[HTLCD RG C
LKL
FHJH OLCHG [LCQ LD[ L[DFO H[DJ O [HNDD RGN ]HSQCS ]HFHC PLCS] HZOJS GO ROGO D
DHLNH P]HQN GNOGH PLZOHJ PLQNJ FHUH ED[H PL[JCO HFLUQ HSLC HQYUD [DFG OU
H[DJ ]H[UQ OU X[CG PU ]HSQCS ]HFHC FWHT LCQF C]WTH]D HZOJS
H[DJ O OU FLUGO RQCS FHJG PCG PL[HTLC [CD GNOGO [DFD PLSHC[ HZOJS RNH
RQCS [HNDD Z[ HC KFNZ IKLZ FHL FHUH FT CJ CD[G ]H U HO COH CKHJ PFC RLC
[UQ FDC[U PL[HTLC [C OU FHJG CO ODC GU P]TD HC >TSZ PHQ [HTLCG ON@
LH GN R[G ]H RHDC]O CO [HDUO FJS RLDH RHDC]O FJS RLD PLZOJQ LH ILDL
HO ROGO L[U P]T FLUQ HC HQYUD GC[ FLUQ PC PLSLJDQ
C[G ]H LWU
L[DF PGLOU PLODZQG RGN HC LHO RD RNH H]HC PLODZQ RLC FJC [DFQ XHJ ]H[DJ L[DF ODZO CDG D
P]HC PLODZQ RLC CFQ XHJ GSHGN GLHO
[QC PCH ]H[GKO PLODZQ NJCH GQH[] ]ULES HC RLOHJ ]OLNCO PLFL ]OLKS L[ PLWSNO PLODZQ
RLOHJ ]OLNC [ZLU CLG LKS LN PO [DF [LLQ HSLC LWO H]HC PLODZQ PLWSNO COC ODZQ LSLC
ODLZ CO ]H[GKO VC PLWSNO COH ]H[GKO L[ G[GKD
PHL PLO EGS L[D FJC H[LWO H]LD MH]D CUSYD EGHS HGHSLC[ PC ]H[DJ L[DF ODZO CDG E
FJ DL [DJN H]HTN ZLIJGO ]HTNOH PHL PLO RLZQO LCQ ]LDOH OOG ]LDN G[GKD
LCJHL RD RHUQ LD[ H]HC PLODZQ NJCH H]HC PLFQOQ HCO PCH H]HC PLFQOQ NJCH H]HC PLODZQ
MOHGH HN[FN FQO CHGH H]HC PLODZQ MN RLDH MN RLD [QHC
CQZ CS]N GNOG PLZTHWG HKZS
PNJFLQO] LSWO VC OHC CDC L[DFO PL[DJ GO LSWD ODZO ML[Y ]H[DJ L[DF ODZO CDG F
PLZLIJQ MOLCH RCNQ ]HTNO JDLH RLZQO PLO LCQ ]LDOH PHL PLO ]H[LDJD EGSH HLOU ODLZ
RHC[G H[LWD L[ ]SHHND GC[S RNH E[ DL DHQH DNQ PDQ[ LWU PL[HGK HLFEDH HLZQH [DJN H]HC
RLOHJ ONCL GU OYC ]H[GK GUL CO X[CG PUO [UQH GQH[] R]L CO ODZQ GQ
N[
]H[HND PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
JZHO CHG ]CH [NHQ CHG ]CH ONHC CHG ]C [UL G[GKD
PL[WQDH LQOH[LH DW LCQF GSQ UUH C]WTH]D ][JC ELH
LGL[G [DJ ]C RNH G[GK M[FD PNL[FQ PL[DJ GO LSWD GODZ PLNL[Y PSLC H]LD LSDH HLSD
PLNL[Y [QHC ED[ PDQ[ ]H[DJ GQYU OU ODZO GNL[Y GSLCH KO IU [DJN
HO PLOWKH PGLDC ]ODZ ]UD PLSKZ PLSDG HLGN GFHQ ED[ VCH PDQ[ Z]N GNOG C
ED LCQF LQOH[L LWU GODZ PLNL[Y PSLC DJ [DN GLGN HFOHSN RN ONH
JL ]LULD CHIJ HLFLQO] H]LD LSD OOND D
]H[DJ L[DF ODZO PLNL[Y [DJO [NQS GU O HFDU RNH [DJO HCLS GU ]DH X[CG PU ]C
ODLZN [DJG OYC HLG CO L[G [DFD PLFHQ ONGH
LD[ GLEG ZQKD [QHC Q[ GODZ GNL[Y GSLC L[ [DJO ]CSH G[IJH GUO ]CS [DJ ]C
GNL[Y CQZ CS] CHG [LCQ LD[ HOLCH RN [QC GFHGL LD[ PEH IUD GT[EG RNH [IUOC RD RHUQ
HQU P]HGO PLSHC[G PLQLD MC GODZ PLNL[Y GU PU PLLJ PFHUD L[WQ UQQ C
]HNOG LKHZO LWU CQZ CS]O GODZ YC PDQ[D UQQ
PLZTHW GODZ GNL[Y RLC GNOG D
HFJL FU P]ZIJD RGL[G H]LD LSDH HLSDH H]C ]Q [DJ
D LCQF C]WTH] LWU L[
ML[Y RLC [QHC OHC CDC PL[DJ GO LSWD ]H[DJ L[DF HQYU OU ODZO ML[Y PNJ FLQO] HOLWC G
HLSWO PLODZQ PL[JC COC FHU COH
D[J PHLQ COC ]H[DJ L[DF ODZO PLNL[Y PSLCH PG G[GK ]ZIJD PLQNJ LFLQO] RLFG RQ HZLTG
L[DF HLOU ODZL FU J]O HOLWC ]H[GK PL[THQ HGL CO PQYUD OHTOT PLSGN HEGS FZQG ]LD
]H[DJ
ED KLH]U RLFG RQ ]H[DJ L[DF ODZO PLNL[Y PLQNJ LFLQO] LQOH[LG ]UFO PL[QHC L C
CLL LCQF CHIJ
PL[JC HOLWCH ]H[DJ ]ODZ COO RQCS PNJ FLQO] PL[DF [CO ODC HZOJS ]H[GKO CZHF D
GI RLSUO PNJ FLQO] OOND [DTH [QE ONH RDQ[O ]H[HND OG LWU HLSWD PLODZQ
JL ]LULD CHIJ LWU
DL GUQ HLOU ODLZ [DN ONG L[DFO GODZ ML[Y RLC GDLLD DHLH PNJ LQOH[LD RZI
"H]HC PL[LLEQ PCG FJC [DFQ XHJ G[H] L[DF ODZQH [LLE]GO CDG "HSLF GQ FJC [DFO FJS [E GQ
[QHQ OC[LN HGL[GH GOHN G[H]G ONO FJS FJC [DFO FJS HOLWC G[H] L[DF HLOU ODLZ [E
RLHFZ HLHFLZ
CW PDQ[ LWU DHLNH OC[LN GFLDC HO PL[LIJQ OC[LN HSLF COHZO PE C
RDQ[G POHCH GI RLF HKLQG PLZTHWG UHFQ GQ] RCN HLHFLJDH KLZ FHL [LCQ ]LDD D
]HNOG LKHZOD ZL]UG RNH HCLDG HL]HNOGD
COC@ G[H]G ONO FHJ FJC [DF OU FHJG [E C]LL[DD PLT[HE RLC FL LD]N GQND RNC
CHG L[G G[H]G ONO FJSH ]F HLOU ODZ [EG HC G[H]G ONO FHJ HOLWCH GT[EG
FJC [DF LFL OU G[H]G ONO FHJ GUS RLC OC[L [CN [EG RLF GI LWOH > OC[LN
GI RLF UHGH PDQ[G ]KQGQ UQQ RNH
CN[
]UF VTHL
FJC ZHFZF HOLWC [QHC GFHGL LD[D LTHL LD[ H]HC PLODZQ RLC [JC [DFQ XHJ ]F ODZO CDG L[NS
PL[WHT L[DFQ
L[DFQ [LNIG COH FJC ZHFZF D]NH@ GNOGO L[DL[ L[DF CLDG JFL GCLD L[HTLC PDQ[G C
KLQG UHGH > PL[WHT
HCO PC ]H[LE H]H[LE PCG FNH FJC [DF [LLN FDULFD PLSH[JCG ]HUF HZOJS D
CO VF
[LW [CN HSLF GQ "H]H[LDJD [CS PCG OC[LQ TQ ]HDEO PL[NS LNOQQ GSHQQ LCDE GUS [DJ C HQ
"]LSD ]H[DJ ODZO CDH H]H[DJ OZOZ [DJ RNH ]HCDEG RQ
PCG "PHQ PGD OWS PC HLFZ ]C PFC ZFHD PCG "H[L]GO HQYU O GQGD [HND ZHFDO [N PCG D
"HL]H[GK OU G[HQH OCS
H[IJ VTHL D[ EGS RNH H]HC PLODZQ RLC H]HCDEQ [LW H]H[LDJQ H]HC PLJHF LCDE GUS [DJ C
JL DHQH DNQ PDQ[ GNOG RNH GUQO GD[ EGS RNH PFC ONN CHG L[G [LW [QHO
JQY LWU ]H[DJQ H]HC PLJHF GDYZGQ []HL OKHS ]HCFHD UFHS CO P]T LCDE HOLWC C
DL FHL FJG ZFY
JL DHQH DNQ LCQKQ PDQ[G D]N RN FJQ ]H[DJ HLOU ODZO ML[Y H]HCDEQ [LWN D
ML[Y RLC C[EG [WH [DJN CHG L[G H]LLDEQ CYL H[QC ED LCQF LQOH[LDH
FJQ ]H[DJ HLOU ODZO
P]HC PLODZQ RLC [LCQ LD[ L[DFO PLCS] HZOJS P]H[DJ HOZOZH ]H[LDJ PQYU OU PLODZQG
RHO LWO P]HC PLODZQ CLTG[WD P]HC PLODZQ RLC ]HLSHQKQD P[HTO H[IJ [QHC GFHGL LD[
PGLUQO GSHHNG L[WO PLODZQ RLC CLTG[WD P]HC PLODZQ ]HLSHQKQD PGL[DF HU ][JC
VC ]H[DJ L[DF PLEGHS HLG GOLJ]Q PGD HS[NG H[W TH]GH CLTG[WD PG OHOLJ PHQH PLU[G
PG ]UF LDSHE PLODZQ RLC HCO PCH H[IJLN P]HC PLODZQ []TD
PLSD HDH [QCS PHQ P]HC PLODZQ MN RLDH MN RLD PL[QHC GJ[Z RD UHGL LD[H RHUQ LD[
RSJHL LD[ [QC HNU [WN LC ZJYL LD[ GNOG RNH PLDDH
GNOG G[HQ HQYUO G[HQ HSLC LWUCH@ EY IHC J[ UUH E[ FJ PHQ HQYU ]H[HND GCH[ PFC RLC D
> JO ROGO PL[L]QH PLCH[ PGH PLFLQO]O
HSLC L[G JU CQHL J[ XHJ GF[U GCH[ HOYC FOHS OC[L ODC RGNG OU [DHFQG
[HTC GC[S RGN HQC LDCQ P] [HND OC[LO OWS HC [HND ZWT POHCH HLOU PLOUD
HKJL MHSLJ ]JSQ HQYUO ]H[HGO
HLOUD CHG PGQ FJC PC PE [HNDG ]C PL[L]QG GO ODC GJQHQ FLJLD PL[HQC PL[DF GQD
L[DH C[QED QN FJ RLC
L[ RHOQ CDL FHL ]WD ZLLF RN PLCH[ RLC HD PLW]H P]O PC G[HCNO UQQ
RLC ]HQHZQ GQNQ PLJLNHQ L POHCH CDL UGC UHG RHO LWU H FHL GL[C P ]HD NNH
DL FHL ]W QFUQD U GI RWHCD VC PLHJ
DN[