]CDGO GH HSLF PL[QHC L >GCQHK ODZQ HSLC [HUG RWHCD@ GCQHKG LSWD GYLYJ RLSUO F
JWKO PLW[KYQ FQHUG OU GDH[Q XH[WGN HOLWC PL[QHC LH L[LCQ LWU GCQHKG
GKQG LOLDJH ]HSHOJD ]HEL[TD HSLYQ M[FN CL ]HOGC LC RHIJ LWU JWK DZSD RLC ON XHYJO
PLCLDQ PSLCH PLYYHJ
RLSUO ODC DHQ ]CQHKO [HUL RLSUO COC GOGCG RLSUO [HQC HSLC GI RLF PL[WQ L G
GNH FL[H]DH L[LCQD ]CDHQ HI GKL L[QEO PH]TG [DF COC CLDQ RLC RN]L GCQHK ]CDG
PLHFJDH G[HC R[ZD GI H[LWO HULLT RNH PLON C]WTH]O HH[LWD C[EG KZS RNH LDN PLON [D
PL[HCDH
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GQC PL[UQ GOUQO GHDEG LHDQD GSH]SG J]WG ][HY C
PLCONDH ]DD ]HQC [UQ DJ[G J]WD D
PLCONDH ]DD OON FQHU RLCN HC XH[W GQ ]HJW FQHU GN E
KUQO ML[Y HSLC J]WG ][HY HO L PC GQC PL[UQ GHDE CHG LHDQ HS C]LL[DD C
ONLG O HJ]WN PL[UQ GOUQO J]WG ][HY GOLUHQ RLC D[ LWO [CHDQ CDLZ LC RHIJD C
D OLUO R[G L[DFD UYH []HL GHDE COH PL[U GLG
ZOHJ CD[GH J]WG ][HY GOLUHQ ZTW FLIL ]D PDQ[G PLJWK G[UQ ]HJWD D
ML[Y ]HSO [QC D[ KUQO ML[Y HSLC J]WG ][HY HO L PC ]HQC [UQ DJ[G LHDQ HS]SQD HSLS D
HJFH RN [DHT RSJHL LD[ VC JLNHGO HY[H KUQO
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[]HLD HOLWC J]WG ][HY GOLUHQ G[H]GQ H]UFO PE LN PLCON RLSUO GFHQ D[ VC UQQ C
HY[ C[QED QNH [CGH GF DN D[ GF H TH] LWU PLQNJ H[LQJG ]D RLSUO COC [UQ
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PLKZHS HSC ODC ONLGQ FQHO LWO HGI KUQO ML[YG D[ LN HS]SQD LHSG LWN GNOG D
HOLWC J]WG ][HY HD OLUHQ MNOG CHG CQOUD RQLT ONLG O HJ]W E PLSH[JC PLC[HQCN
UQQ RNH JL[GQQ CEG D[N PLZTHW LH IKIK ]D PDQ[G WNH RCN R[H RLZ[W L[ C[ GHDE
[]G PL[HQ RLC WNUH FYG RQ OHTW [UQ []HLD RN]L O[O UUH IK ROGOH RCN FL[G LZTWD
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H[L]G COH ONG L[DFO GDH[Q XH[W RGD H[L]G HJLNHL ]HC[LD LTW@ H]LLC[ HJFH [UQ []HLD GOLUHQ
CSGN D[ GJFH C]LL[DGQ HL[DFN ULLTO HY[H >[LCQ LD[ L[DFO [UQ []HL
RSJHL LD[ VC [QHO HZLTGH []HQ LZO L[ [QC J]WG ][HY D Z[ VZHQ PHZQG FY ONQN HOLWCH
[DFD ZOHJ HSLC
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H OLUO D[ L[DFQ TH]G HJLNHG RN FQHU PGD RLC PEG ]H[JCG ]HJH[ L]O
LHSG LWO ODC D[O COC HL[DF VTHL D[ [QC CO PLSHC[ FHUH CD[GH TH]G HD]N D
FQHUG OU GDH[Q XH[WD J]WG ][HY [HTCO [HZQ OON RLC D[N COF C]LL[DDH GSQD
OU PLZOHJG PLQNJ LWO PE FHQOO D[ L[DFQ CLYHG VTHL D[ COC RN GSLC CDKL[G ]UFH
UQQH HQU RLFG [WC VTHL D[ ]LLC[ G]JFS LW OU VC > TH]GN COF@ D]N FHUH D[
OU GDH[Q XH[W D J]WG ][HY GOLUHQ RLC ]HC[LDO RLTW ]LLU RLFQ JLNHG RN VTHL D[N GNOGO KZS
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GOLUHQ J]WG ][HY RLC GNOGO >KC RLDH[LU LQOH[LG L[DF LWU HC H GNHTD CLEHTG LWU@ H]UFD
PLQNJ HOZG FLJLG ]H[D ]LULD[ RWHFO HC ]LOQ[ND Z[ ]HYLJQ RLC PHZQD G[H] RLFQ
GU QU O JHC CJ RHLYO [HC LWU J]WG ][HY LU [L]GO
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]ZHOJQ [DT [LW L]C OSGOH JH]H QQ U HS]LEHTQ PDQ[G OU HZG PL[WQGH ]HYLJQ RCN RLC
RLC J]WD GOLUHQ WGHY FLIL PDQ[G L[DFQ COC LQOH[LGN HC GNHTD CLEHTGN ZTWH RG ]HLEHTG
ML[YH ]HYLJQ PHZQD LSGQ CO QQH C]L[HCF WGHY [ZLU JNHQ ]HOLUHQ ]HYLJQ RLC PEG G[U GHDE
GDH[Q XH[WD HOLWC J]WG ][HY GOLUHQ ]HQC [UD H]KL PL[WQ LH GDH[Q FQHU
K CJ RLOCQ OC[ LHFJD [DFG [HCDD U OLUHQ RLC GDH[Q XH[WH [UQ []HLD Z[H FQHUG OU
OLUHQ PLKZHS RLFG [ZLUQH KS JS ZT DT DSQ LWU HI GUFO HJO RHNSH ZQTH EQT ]UF RNH
P UHD ]LQ]TG GUFG RN PL[HLF GD RLC GUZDD CO PC [UQ []HLDH FQHU COD HOLWC
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RGLDE OU GSZH RCNQ GSZH RCNQ GSZ H[QC J]WG ][HY C
HZOJSH J]WG ][HY PLHGQ PSLC P LSDO GSH]SG OC[L X[C LJ]W QLH PL[TJ PLQQH PLJ]W LCQ LJ]W
G[Z] PGO RLC [QC FJCH PLWZ PGO RLC [QC FJC P]HGQD LQHJ[ D[H VTHL D[
CFJ [QC [QH CFJ [QC [Q COC CSLFO PGLSLD PLZHOJ PSLC PGLS L[DFN PLKZHS GNOGO C
R[ LWU
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RLC RNH ]HIHIQN QQ HQYU O]HNG COC O]HNG LDHUQ ]HIHIQ ]KLOD RLC [LW CDKL[GH
KOHD VHZQ RLC [WQ CDKL[GH GOUQ LWON L[QEO XH[W J]WG L[W G[Z] PGO
HI L[G PLSZ LS EU GSZ OLUHQ O]HN P RLCN PHZQ ONQH PLJ]WG M[FN G[Z]GQ
COH J]WG ][HY [NGO ]HIHIQN PLDJS PLO]NG LC[ RLC CLKU GCLZ CHIJG NNH J]WG ][HY
G[Z]G JKQ KHODO ML[Y RHLOU GSZ COC RHLOU GSZN ]DJS G[Z]G
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]HYLJQG OUQ GDHED PLKOHD PG [CN PL[LNQ LH OHTW ]HYLJQ VZHQG PHZQD
PLDJS G[LFO VZHG CO OHFE JKD RHEN PNH]D OKOKO PL[L]Q PSLC ]HYLJQ PE
KZO]QG O] OU PLFQHUG PLSZ CTLE MFLCOH J]WG ][HY ]C OHTWO GI RLSUO ]HYLJQ
LWU G[]TG RCN RLC ]HCLYQD L[G MND PLOTWS PSLC GYLJQN GI L[G RLFG RLQ LWUC
]HYLJQ VZHQG PHZQ MH]D FQHUG WGHY O GSZD [L]GO FFY CY[ Y[ [IS LSDC UH LDY [G
PGLFYQ COC PLWHZIG LDE OU RH]S HSLC DNHG GSZG FYG RQ GCU J]WG ][HY CFTJ D[ [QC D
HSLC RSJHL LD[ PEH GI RLFD HZOJS LZO L[H RSJHL LD[ [WO C[QED HFFYH PHON COH GU CO
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GQO ]LD LWU PL[THC LH LDY [G KI LC RHIJ CTLOQ RHCEG LWU KHJG OU PLOHU PLSZG
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[DFD [GILGO L D]N LZ DZUL ]HSNQD PLSZG RLD VWNSH OZSH PLSZG OUQ JH]QG KHJ
LDE OU HSLC VWNSG OHELUG J]W O G[HY HI RLC CQ [L HZ RLCN@ ]HJ GQN LSWQ
GID OZGO PLEGHS RNH LDY [G U [LNGO FDULFD PLFFYQ LH >JH[D FSH US KHJG PLSZG
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OZGO G[HG GUQO COC [DFD OZGO PLEGHS CLDG NE EOZ DJ [HL L[QC ]HDH PLSZG RLDQ L[QEO
D]N JH[GQ ]HFHS]G RLSUOH UY []HL OO]Q ODC FHQUG C[Q PLJWK GO OO]Q KHJG RLCN Z[
GUD HOLWC OHTW PLSZG LS RLD KHJG ]C GZLJ[Q JH[G PC ODC ]OTHW GSLC GQYUD GFHS]G HHU CHIJG
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RHOQ UQQ RN OHTW PLSZG LDE OUQ OU COH FYD GSZG GU PC L[O PLFHQ PG
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GOLJ]NO RN PL[HQ VCH
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RLFQ JNHQ RN UELO ML[Y RLC RQJS D[N CD[GH RDQ[GH PDQ[GH VL[G HZTW GNOGO C
] D[N ZTW GI[G HOLCH KN XD[ ]H OI PLZTHWG ON HZTW RNH HD [IJ ] D[H GWLN
RQJS D[ FESN H]HQN GNOG
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LH CW PLFEQ L[WH DZT O[] CEQ U OLUHQ HSLC [JC [DF PO GUS PC ODC J]WG
D]N J DJ DZUL ]HD UU J]WG ][HY PO GUS CGL RHLOUG GSZG UEHSD HOLWC PL[LQJQ
U HCO PC H][HYH HGUQD [DFG [NLS PC PLZOJQ LH ZHOJO FJC OHFE PD CLDG FHF FL [WTDH [LNGO
RGN L[EG ][UGDH CL ROGO LDY [G
MHQS FJCH GHDE PLSZG FJC RHEN LSG GSZD UEHS HSLCH FJC GSZD UEHS RHLOUG GSZG GLG E
MLQQ CHG HOLCN MHQSG GSZG ]C LSC GCH[ [LNGO GN FN DJ ]HD PC[G D]N
OHTWH J]WG ][HY PLSC PLHU RLC GI RHEN UHWLD RH]S DNHG GSZG PC POHCH@ GOHUH
LWU G[U PLGHDE PLSZG LS FDODH [LNGO PLSH[JC ]UFH JZ QHJ ISDC PC[D QN
> HCU CHIJ >GDH[Q UHWLD ZW]TGO CZU[Q CLDG P YGUDH@ TZT DT DSQ
PLZ O ]OF HOLWCH ]OF GD FLQUGO LFN GCL[D CG] GNL[Y H[QC J]WG ][HY CFTJ D[ [QC F
DDHT ]OFG [LY [HJ CLHC D[ [LWH [LY [NLG GNL[Y J]WG ][HY LCSL LD[ PHQ LZO L[ [QC
L[ ML[Y ]OFO GLHC[ ]OF GNL[Y GSLC LWUC HD
GNOG RNH [LY [NLG COH GCL[D CG] ML[Y RLC LC D[ L[DF LW OU HZLTG PL[WQ L
ML[Y ]OF GD FLQUGO LFN GCL[D ODC ML[Y RLC [LY [NLG PL[QHC LH R[H CD[U
HZOJ HSLYQ CO LN PGLS ]C ML[Y PL[QHC LH FHSZ OL[GQ ]H UUH PDQ[H VL[ LWU
CDHQ P[GQH CDKL[H FDC[ LWU PGL[DF PLJHF RLC MNOG CFTJ D[H LCSL LD[ OU H[LWD
GOUQO HC GKQO FJC [HJD LF UH KN DJ XD[H C[H DIN RKZ XD]D
GO GLOE[D LN P]ZHOJQ H[WH PL[KHW PLQNJH GIHIQD DLLJQ [LCQ LD[ C]LL[DD HS GWLN G
GUD[CO GQLOGO ZHJO LFN PHZQ GD LH GUD[C GDJ[ RLCH G[U GGHDEH GUD[C DJH[D PLJWK
L[DFO G[U GLOE[D L PCH PLOGO PLZZHJ RLC PL[DHT PLQNJH PLOGO PLZZHJ [DT [LCQ LD[
G[HKW ONG L[DFO G[U GDHE GD RLC HC GO GLOE[D RLC PC MFLCQH J]W HGL[GH ]DLLJ ONG
J]W GSLCH
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FY OL[GQ ]H G DJ IHC U PLOGO PLZZHJ EO ROGO CSLD[ L[DFO LD[
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LT PL[HCDH PLHFJ [WTD ML[CG RNH G[L G[Z] P RLCN GIHIQG OU M[DO CO C[QHJO WNU CDKL[GH
HOLCN VHZQN GSHLOUG GDNG PLCH[ HSC OUHWD G[L G[Z] RLCN PE [QHO PHZQ L HCNOH@ IL FL ZT D
PLCH[ J]W [HUL LN MNOG PLOGO CO MC PLZZHJ PLFHQ PLQNJ PE OL [HLD [HQLZG PHZQ HSZZJ
FFY CL CQHLDH@ GH VT GOUQO CGL CDKL[G ML[YG GQH P]ZHOJQ ZLJ[GO RLC XH[WN PH]TG ]C
MNLWO [HQLZD GKLOD RLC GWLN P]TDH G[Z]D LF RLCH KOHD VHZQ ML[Y H]KL LWO Z[ HGI OL >[DFD
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ELCY[ FT[ LT [IS LSDCD PDQ[G ]UFD NNH HCU JHCD
LSDC LWU [L VHZQ ML[Y RLC ONG L[DFO G[U GDHED ]H[L PLOE[ L PC PL[QHC LH
L FJC RHLOU GSZ PHZQD ]HWHZI PLOE[ PU J]WG ][HY ]HFHC U HCU CHIJH JZ QHJH FT[ JHC [IS
CU[ EJ CD[G ]HD PE UH > CL CQHL [UH@ A GI FESN GI RHTNOCD PLKHSG PLSZ LS GO
PGLC[D PLOEU]QH PLWWNS PG P]HZF DH[Q PLZF PLSZ LSQ G]US J]WG ][HY F
THTD CI[EG D]NQDH JLDW ]D ]JSQD KKHY JL PF[G LWU []HQ GH CHG KHJG PHZQDH
IK QU DJ OHDL CO HGOUH
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HJFH ML[Y C]LL[DGQ JLNHGO HY[H HCO PC PLLJOG
[WQH RN]L LSG FYG LWOH LCQ ]LDN H]KL L[G G[HZ ML[YQ [IULOC LD[ FYG LWO
CLEHTG KW GLUDG GKWS CO LWUCH FY ONQ LJO HSLLG H[QC LJO OOG ]LD L[DF
ZLWTQ PLKZHS HSC MNO OOG ]LDN GNOGH OLCHGH LCQ ]LDNH G[HZ PE ML[YQ C[ CHG
PLQNJ PLFHQ H[QC L[G G[HZ ML[YG CO C[ CLEHTG ]SZTQ D]N CNCU[ [IS LSDCDH R[ FJC LJO
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LJO ML[Y RLC LCQ ]LD PLFHQ LC D[ H[LWN ED[Q RN CDHQ C]LL[DDH CDLZU LD[ LSWO OCUQL
HZOJS GI OUH GI OU [QCH ZOJ CDLZU LD[H G[HZH
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