GOUDO [HTLC LWON RHFLSG P PEH HSFQO
GCQHK HC [HTLC GOUDO GFS RLF [FE OUH GI RLSUD PLSH[JC PLQNJ HNL[CGH
DKLZ HJ LHOG KD ]H GQO ]JSQ NCH GF CT CJ ZJYL [NI CN C]L[HCF RHH]C FL ELC [L L[U MOLCH
]HLGO [DFG [WC LC ]HCLYQD PHZQD PE CQK LG[D KT RCN P]KL JNHQ GSGF TH]G L[DF [WO PHZQ L@
ZWT PL[QHC RLC KL GFSDH PLJTWF ZDH IS [LISD TH]G ]UFH@ LSLQD PEH RHC[D PE GCQK CG] RCN RHEN HS][QHJN
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LH [JCQ PLSHFLSG FL[WGO RLC GCQHK RLSUON RLFG GOUDO [HTLCG RLSUO PE COLQQ ICH U[C MN ]HO]O ]HCLYQD ZWTG
COC GU[NG RCN RLC QQ CQKO RSLWOL GI PE TH]GO OTF LGS ]QC ]HLGO OHNL RLCN NCQ ]HCLYQD GU[NG RLF RCN
MLL CO GEGSG RLFD [HTLCG OU RHLFO GCQHKG LSLF OU CHG RHLFG PC RLD ZOJO [WC GI RHFLSDH PFCG OU FDOD GEGSG RLF
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H[LWO GZG DDO VF ]Q ]CQHK MOQG [UDH GWL[K LSQLT HD HCYQS HC PLO MH]D E[GS
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LSLFD VC DH[G [JC ]NOO RDG RHLFW ONQ FHQOO GC[SN CLHZG ]SHHN LCSWG ]UO RHLU ML[YH " DH[G [JC RHQQD
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KN
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GFDCH GDLSE RLUN GULWD H]OLJ] COG PLTSHC OU [HKW UHFQ RN PC [QC] PCH PSJ[QHG
TSHCD HWHTH >LSO H[TQD CHE LWON UW GI CYQS GFDCH GDSE ][LQD DLLJ]Q LSG RLCH OLCHG@
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PGLOU DLLJ HSLC PL[DF P]HCQ VC GD[G [HQO OLE[ ]UF RD P]T LN GFDCH GDSEQ
H]OLJ] OOND HSLCH [HKW TSCS VHTDO ON GULWQ [HKWH PSJ [QHO H[TQ HOLWC CQH
LC GF EY QD TH] LWU TSHCD HWHTH GULWD
DL VF
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D[ PGO G[HG RN OUH [IHJ RLFG RLC L]SF RLFN [QHC RLLFG RQI ON PL[QHC L [IHJ RLFG
LC[ PHQ HNO RSLDEQ CO LCH [QC GQH XN L[GQ PD ZQKL LWU PGD H[IJL PQYU PG RQJS
]H[ OKSH PGQ OHFE RQJS D[ LSWQH PLZLIQ PSG H]UF LWO RHLN PLSLLFG ]C RHQQ DLLJO GLG
LIK RL[FGST LC RHIJ LWU HSLFO PLWHWN PG L[G C]HOE L[Q
GOC HI RLC G[HCNO "GLO C[LDT RCQN [Q [IUOC LD[ CG COHU CG RQJS D[O CD[ GLO [QC
GSQ [DFD PLUHK P]DJG GQO GLG H]OC COC PLD[G ]UFN GSLC FLJLG ]UF ]HD[ PLQUW L[G
D[ GDJ CO [WS PCH@ ]UFG OHZLD COC ]HUK RCN RLCH RN PL[DHT PLD[ COG > TH]G L[DFN@
>H]HUK G[[DHG CO [DFN GI CGL CD[ ]OC [WS ]UFG OHZLD COC GSQ [DFD ]HUKN RQJS
P LC RHIJ
PLFDUD [YJ H DEC RLSZ RLFH LUZ[ZQN HC LOKOKQN LFDU ]LEHT PHNLT
RLOKOKQN HC ]HUZ[ZN PSLF PLFDU PCG PLC[HQC HZOJS
PSLF ONG L[DFO C]L[HCF PLSLF LWON ODC RSD[FQ PLSLFD COC HZOJS CO ]HWTH]G HD]N
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HCO PC PLQH]LQH ]HJHZOQ P]HDEO R]LSH > LZL]HWC PHCU COO@ PLFDUG OU FHDU OJ PCG C
[CHDQ PLZTHWD POHCH C]L[HCF HCO CFHDU [DHTG ]UFN ]NOHG HS]LEHT OSG ]HWTH]G L[DFO@
ZHOLJ RLC G[H]GQ LN PLSH[JC H[LWH CD[UH PLFDUG RQ PLDHE RLC C]L[HCF CFHDU LWUC
ROGO CD[G NNH CKO RJG ]HYZ PLFDU]Q RLOKOKQG VC COC FHDU RLSUO ]HUZ[ZO RLOKOKQ RLD
MNOG UHGL LSW G[H] RLFQ ]HJHZOQH PLQH]LQ PLDES PSLC ]HUZ[Z PE CTLE MFLCO HC PLQH]LD FL
UZ[Z RLD ZHOLJGH OLCHG HI M[FD HC RLOKOKQO PLFDU HHG RSD[FQ CHG GI ZHOLJ LWON
LFDU MNOG GHOQG O H]UF ]HNLQTD LHO]G CHG C[DTF C]OQ COC G[H]D [HWQ HSLC RLOKOKQO
RQ PLDHE RLC MNO ICL[D ]CYQS C[DTG [ZLUH GQO ]JSQ LWU ]NQHT H]UF RLC PGLOU PE LN LOKOKQN
> FDCGOH ]HQO PN[F LWO UZ[ZN CO PLFDUG
UZ[Z GHOO L PC COC H]HC RLHU RLC OHDIH[W ]DL]N D
ROGOFN DEC RLSZ E
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OU RLJSHQH RL[HDY ]HLGO PLNL[Y PSLC RLOKOKQ P]HC GNOGO RHC[ Z[W RLHFZ ]SQD LHSG
TH] PLLJ LOUDO PLQQHF PLYWJ RLD GI RLSUD ZHOLJ RLCH PG PHZQ OND P]HC GSHZ COC UZ[ZG
CD[
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GSH[JC RHON LOKOKQN LFDU [QHCO RLD CZLC D[ L[DFD GSHC[ RHON LUZ[ZQN LFDU [QHCG ]UFO RLD
GH PQUK RLC POHCH
FHELSD GNH]D PG NCC GQU PLSZS PSLC ]UF LSDH PLFLLS PSLG RHLN RLOKOKQN PLFDUG PC
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LFLLS OOND HSLC RKZ FDU KZS GUHL UDHN [WTD POHCH HQHL RD ZHSL] FDU RNH GSZS HSLC HCNO G[HQ PL[DFG
PHZQ ONQ DEC D ]LSZLS GSLC UZ[Z L[G DEC RLSZ MLL RLC PSQC HQF ]HUZ[ZN PLFDU PC
RGQ ]JCD ZLIJQ PC ]HUZ[Z GQN GSHZG RLFN GNH]D PLFDUO PE GOLUHQ UZ[ZD ZLIJQ GZIJG
ROHN ]C GSZ
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RLHFZ ROHN LQF R]S PC COC ]HZHJ[G ]HUZ[ZG ]C GSHZ HSLC FHUH UZ[ZG ]C GSHZ RLSZ ][HY
LOKOKQN LFDU FQO VC MNOG@ GZIJ RLSZ CHG L[G C]L[HCFQ OLUHQ GI RLSZ DYZ UHK IN
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HOLWC GSHZ GI RLFQ D]NH ]HF [U RLFN UZ[ZG PU PLSZS UZ[ZO PL[DHJQH PLNHQTG RLOKOKQ PE D]N GQO ]JSQD
[U N UZ[ZG PU PLSZS RLOKOKQ RLC ZLLFO L C[G L[DFQ MC DEC DN GNH]D PLFQHU HLGL ML[Y RLCH UZ[ZO GULESD
RN RLFG RLC RLOKOKQD UQQ C]L[HCFQ ]HUZ[ZN PG LN ]HF [UN UZ[ZG PU PLSZS PLFDU MNO [CLD ]HF
LCFH ]GLQ C]L[HCFQ GC[S WNUH CHG FJ CU[CF CSFT PGD [QHO RLC FHUH GZIJD PLSZS RLOKOKQ RLC L[G PUKGH
PLSHZ RLC
O H]UFO PL[Q]Q PSLC PLFDU P]T [YJ RLSZ ][H]D UZ[ZG OU PLFDUG ]C ]HSZO CD PC
GC[S GQHFNH H]TL[UD ZHSL]O RLFG CHG GC[SH RLD RHEN H]UFO PL[Q]Q PG PLSWHCD MC GSHZG
[HULS HOLWC ]HWN FDUD CEGD NNH GQO ]JSQH C[GQ UH GQO GF] C]NOG GF] [NQ GF] LWU GSHZ
EZT CQ[ KWQG ]HDL]S U [DFD PLSH[JCG LOHFE HZOJSH [YJ RLSZD ]LSZS UZ[Z RLC RHFO L LUZ[ZQN LFDU PC
GSHZ TH]GQ JLNHG [NQ GF] OU GQO ]JSQDH DN RLKE ]UF VTHLD CDHQD UUH HC RLH[LE HC
RLC DEC RLSZ RCN RLC RLOKOKQN PLFDU PC LIC PDEC RLOKOKQ ]HSZO GYH[H PLFDU GSHZ PC
PEH ]NOGQ [YJ [FED HSLC IC FHUH TH] RL PEH@ ]HWN FDUG PC POHCH UZ[Z DEC COC PLSHZ
O HLON PE COG UZ[Z PSLC PEG [YJ RLSZD HLOU RLOKOKQG GSHZ > H]UFO ][Q]Q G [YJ RCN L
RLSZ L[G ]HUZ[ZN PLFDU UHNO C]L[HCF PLSLFD TH]G NQWO LNG HCODH UZ[Z CZHF HCOH [YJ ][H]Q HO PLSHZ PFC
C]L[HCFQ CHG [YJ
RLC [QHO PHZQ LH DEC RLFD RLOKOKQG GSHZ [QHO PHZQ L ]HUZ[ZN PLFDUG GUFG LWOH
[LDTQ LUZ[ZQN LFDU [DHTGH@ ]FLLS GSLC UZ[Z GFHGLD ]H[HYQ L[U O GQHFD COC DECD RLSHZ
>RLOKOKQ GSZ PLFDUD ZLIJG PC ]H]LL[DG ]ZHOJQ ]C MND
CG LSLO PLLJQ CHG HSHQQ LOLOEG LTHL [C LNF C]LC PCH RS]GH [QC LQ PLLJQH DU
RHQQ LOLOEG LTHL LD[F CDLOC HS]SQ ]FQUG ML[DFO CLHZG H[LW RSD[ CG LOLOEG LTHL LD[
X[CDH ]LDG RQID PE EGL[O UQQ GKLJ [JCO RLHFLZ ]SQ FLQUGO ]N[YHGH CHG PLOUD
CO LCFH RQJS D[ COG HO X[L] GQH EGL[Q RQJS D[O CD[ GZG GQ RN PCH PLOUD RHQQ PG L[G
H[LW CDHQ C[EG PDH TH]UH CD[ LWU [HQCN PLOUD RHQQ PG FLQ] EGL[O L[G RSD[O COC [DLF
FHQO]G L[WQ [YHCD U [JC
EL VF
PL[HQLC FESN R[DQ GDHEO CNL[Y CO RGL[HQLCQ GDHE HSLCH R[DQ GDHE HZLIG PLQO
H]LDQ RHQQ HO DLLJ HSLC HWHEQ PO]GO HSLF P] [H LDEO COC GI RLF [HWQ CO PLSHC[D LN PC
[WC FUHQG ODC [CG ]C POOQ [HKW HDHLJ LFNQ ]HJW HLHH PCH ZILSO KOJS HC FDU]Q ZLIQG [HG COC
PE [HWQ O[GQO GQO O PL [WTD RL[HQLCGH [DG TJL LWN Z[ COH ZISG ON OU POQ
RLW]H L[] ZLIQG HO [QHC OCSSJ HSD[ RHOQ UQQ RNH RL[HQLCG FESN GDHE HSLC FUHQ [HD
C[H] CGD RSC
FHU ON GOLUQ PGD RLC LW OU VCH PLLJQ PE PG GHDE RHQQ EGL[O HOLWC RL[HQLCG UQQH
[LUG COC PL[DJQ GQNQ CLDG RNH DT EJ [IULJC LWU HGU[ [H OOND PSLC JDIQG OU PFG Z[IS CO
GHDE RHQQ CHG RL[HQLCG ZOJ OU COH [DG M[U LWO COC QHJ POL CO EGL[O PLOZPLFZ O RHQQ ][LWND ILWO
PGQ GDHE HSLC GC[S PLLJQ VC CHG GHDE RHQQ TH]G LWO ZHH GIJ RLSUOH ELG ZD LC RHIJD GID UH HSUQ CO GIH
[LCQ ]LD LHFJD U
TH[EO L CD[G D]N GLO [QC LYQ CWHE FJD ODC LWHE L[]D QG RSD[ CQLC ]LUD LC
[DFD ZHOLJ RLC ]QCG LWO L[G LOLQ LSG
CQLC RSD[ CUDC
JDIF C[LNG PJOF RHLN CQL]F HGQ GQJOQ GDHE HSLCH G[DQ GDHE GZLIG GFH] DU
ZLIQG UQQ CHG PLOUDF CDHLJ PJOF OQZ "PJO L]LLC CSCH [D ]ONC ]C GLO CQLO CHG
HD GNHI GI RD[Z LN H]DHJ PHO]O >HQU PJOG ]C CLDQ GLG COLQQH@ [JC RD[ZD DLLHJQ HSLC
PLSHC[G HLOUD PO GOHU ZILSG
[DG ]OLNC ]HNI RLSUO CZHF H[NHQO CHG PLOUD RHQQ LOLOEG LTHL LD[ ]KLO HOLWC RCNQH
ET LTHT EJ [IULJC UUH H] RHJG ]HYZ [JC PFCO G[DUGO ]S]LS GSLC HI G[WNG RLSUO CO MC
FDC[G D]N [HKW [LZWG NJCH JES LFZG MN [JCH JES HOLWC GFHGL [ [QC RN OU []L
PE E[GLO HSLF H[QC [HG ]]LQ RLSUO CZHF P]HQN GNOGH GFHGL LD[ OU PLZOHJ PLQNJ PEG
GFQUG PFHZ HLOUD H[LZWG HC HLFZG PC ZISG LQHO] RLSUO ODC H[LZWG HC HLFZG HLOUDN
RLQHO]G ]UD PLOUD HO LD CZHF UQQ LJG [HG ]C H[NQH DL]NF [HKW RLFD
[HD Z[ RCN [DHFQ Q[G PD C[G D]N DHLNH QJOD U FJ HL RHQQ LZIS PDQ[D UQQ RNH
GFHGL LD[ OU PLQNJ HZOJS CO [H ]LQG [H ODC PFC ]LQG
PC PLSH[JCG HSF [DNH RN RLFG GLOUG RQ PO]Q FUHQ [HD HOLWC ]YDHZQ GKLD FHU RLLUH
KQ OCZIJL L[DF JS MHSLJ ]JSQ U PLLJOUD HSLC ZLIQG RHQQ [CD RNH OE[H RD PE PLLZ GI RLF
KW T[ GQO ]JSQ D OCHQ ]N[D
]HLEHT LQHNLT