[LDTQ LUZ[ZQN LFDU [DHTGH@ ]FLLS GSLC UZ[Z GFHGLD ]H[HYQ L[U O GQHFD COC DECD RLSHZ
>RLOKOKQ GSZ PLFDUD ZLIJG PC ]H]LL[DG ]ZHOJQ ]C MND
CG LSLO PLLJQ CHG HSHQQ LOLOEG LTHL [C LNF C]LC PCH RS]GH [QC LQ PLLJQH DU
RHQQ LOLOEG LTHL LD[F CDLOC HS]SQ ]FQUG ML[DFO CLHZG H[LW RSD[ CG LOLOEG LTHL LD[
X[CDH ]LDG RQID PE EGL[O UQQ GKLJ [JCO RLHFLZ ]SQ FLQUGO ]N[YHGH CHG PLOUD
CO LCFH RQJS D[ COG HO X[L] GQH EGL[Q RQJS D[O CD[ GZG GQ RN PCH PLOUD RHQQ PG L[G
H[LW CDHQ C[EG PDH TH]UH CD[ LWU [HQCN PLOUD RHQQ PG FLQ] EGL[O L[G RSD[O COC [DLF
FHQO]G L[WQ [YHCD U [JC
EL VF
PL[HQLC FESN R[DQ GDHEO CNL[Y CO RGL[HQLCQ GDHE HSLCH R[DQ GDHE HZLIG PLQO
H]LDQ RHQQ HO DLLJ HSLC HWHEQ PO]GO HSLF P] [H LDEO COC GI RLF [HWQ CO PLSHC[D LN PC
[WC FUHQG ODC [CG ]C POOQ [HKW HDHLJ LFNQ ]HJW HLHH PCH ZILSO KOJS HC FDU]Q ZLIQG [HG COC
PE [HWQ O[GQO GQO O PL [WTD RL[HQLCGH [DG TJL LWN Z[ COH ZISG ON OU POQ
RLW]H L[] ZLIQG HO [QHC OCSSJ HSD[ RHOQ UQQ RNH RL[HQLCG FESN GDHE HSLC FUHQ [HD
C[H] CGD RSC
FHU ON GOLUQ PGD RLC LW OU VCH PLLJQ PE PG GHDE RHQQ EGL[O HOLWC RL[HQLCG UQQH
[LUG COC PL[DJQ GQNQ CLDG RNH DT EJ [IULJC LWU HGU[ [H OOND PSLC JDIQG OU PFG Z[IS CO
GHDE RHQQ CHG RL[HQLCG ZOJ OU COH [DG M[U LWO COC QHJ POL CO EGL[O PLOZPLFZ O RHQQ ][LWND ILWO
PGQ GDHE HSLC GC[S PLLJQ VC CHG GHDE RHQQ TH]G LWO ZHH GIJ RLSUOH ELG ZD LC RHIJD GID UH HSUQ CO GIH
[LCQ ]LD LHFJD U
TH[EO L CD[G D]N GLO [QC LYQ CWHE FJD ODC LWHE L[]D QG RSD[ CQLC ]LUD LC
[DFD ZHOLJ RLC ]QCG LWO L[G LOLQ LSG
CQLC RSD[ CUDC
JDIF C[LNG PJOF RHLN CQL]F HGQ GQJOQ GDHE HSLCH G[DQ GDHE GZLIG GFH] DU
ZLIQG UQQ CHG PLOUDF CDHLJ PJOF OQZ "PJO L]LLC CSCH [D ]ONC ]C GLO CQLO CHG
HD GNHI GI RD[Z LN H]DHJ PHO]O >HQU PJOG ]C CLDQ GLG COLQQH@ [JC RD[ZD DLLHJQ HSLC
PLSHC[G HLOUD PO GOHU ZILSG
[DG ]OLNC ]HNI RLSUO CZHF H[NHQO CHG PLOUD RHQQ LOLOEG LTHL LD[ ]KLO HOLWC RCNQH
ET LTHT EJ [IULJC UUH H] RHJG ]HYZ [JC PFCO G[DUGO ]S]LS GSLC HI G[WNG RLSUO CO MC
FDC[G D]N [HKW [LZWG NJCH JES LFZG MN [JCH JES HOLWC GFHGL [ [QC RN OU []L
PE E[GLO HSLF H[QC [HG ]]LQ RLSUO CZHF P]HQN GNOGH GFHGL LD[ OU PLZOHJ PLQNJ PEG
GFQUG PFHZ HLOUD H[LZWG HC HLFZG PC ZISG LQHO] RLSUO ODC H[LZWG HC HLFZG HLOUDN
RLQHO]G ]UD PLOUD HO LD CZHF UQQ LJG [HG ]C H[NQH DL]NF [HKW RLFD
[HD Z[ RCN [DHFQ Q[G PD C[G D]N DHLNH QJOD U FJ HL RHQQ LZIS PDQ[D UQQ RNH
GFHGL LD[ OU PLQNJ HZOJS CO [H ]LQG [H ODC PFC ]LQG
PC PLSH[JCG HSF [DNH RN RLFG GLOUG RQ PO]Q FUHQ [HD HOLWC ]YDHZQ GKLD FHU RLLUH
KQ OCZIJL L[DF JS MHSLJ ]JSQ U PLLJOUD HSLC ZLIQG RHQQ [CD RNH OE[H RD PE PLLZ GI RLF
KW T[ GQO ]JSQ D OCHQ ]N[D
]HLEHT LQHNLT
]HKLG PHNLT PLOUD RHQQ HC GHDE RHQQ PLOZ PLFZ
PLOZPLFZH >[HDLY LQO RNH PC ]CKJ GOHU@ PLFZLFZ PLSO PLZOJS POHN ]HSD[ZG
ILC ]HSD[ZG GUQ OG PDQ[ >JTW RD[Z [UQ [HND FLJL LQO@
GOLUQ RLF GOHND HC G[IUG RHWYD PFG ]ODZH GKLJG PHZQ ]HNOG GQNH GQNO ]UEHS HI GZHOJ
FHUH [DG ]OLNC LSLF
RHQQ HC GHDE RHQQ CHG PCG RD[ZG OU ]HOUDG O G]HGQ OU RHFO L HOOG PLSLFG LZHOLJ FDOQ
RHQQ PSG ]HUFG ONO PLFZ LFZ PLOZ PLFZO PLFZ LFZ RLD RLJDGO L HI GOCD PE HLOUD
ROGOFN PLCS]G HZOJS PLOZ PLFZD HOLCH GHDE
RLDH ZLIQG PFC RLD ZLIQG HSLLG RLZILS LQHO] LSLF RGQ ]H]HZWS GQN L ]HOUDG ]HGQ ]OCO
LC [H OOND GI RLC CQ HC POO DLLJ PCG GHLFZG GQGD FHUH H OLUO TH] U ZLIQG RHQQ
EGL[ JQD GLHO] GSLC HI GOC PDQ[G ]UFD HD]N L C[QEG KWQ ]LC[S HI C]HZWS LN PC H G U [ [H ]C
PLSH[JC FHUH M[HCD HKE ZD CHIJ U RSD[H
RHQQ H[LDJO [WHNG RNH PGD FZO OUDG O HSHQQ PLDJS PCG GC LHFLZ ]WTHS C]HZWS
RD[Z ]QGD OU [WNN PE RN RLFG PCG PCH QHJH R[Z DLLJ GFHGH [ZO UDSH HO DLLJ CHG
H]LQUD JNH OOND GI RLC CQ HC HOYC GFLZWG H[LDJ O
CS]O GSHGN ]HS]Q GF[U H]KLD PLCS] HZOJSH PG PLOUD RHQQ PLOZ PLFZ LOLOEG LTHL LD[ ]UF
OONQ CYHL GQGD [UQ LCIU RDO J G[HQ] L[ U HL[DF OOND PLOZPLFZ ]HSD[Z ON CQZ
LC]THF RD LTHL CDCOH PHQ OUD HC P] KHJ HC LJ H[NQO G[H] G[TC L[G PLOUD RHQQ HSLC GI
RHOO PLQO NCQ PLNTSH GWHS] GNLQT RHUK HSLC LWO FDOD [HNDD COC LCIU RD [QC CO
LTHL CDCF CDLOCH PJ[Q HFZ LWO [HND COH PLQO CZHF CQZ CS]F CDLOC LCIU RDO ][JC
[UQ CO MC PLQO RLD [HND RLD LC]THF RD
L[ ]OC OUH PDQ[G ]UFD CJ RHQQ LZIS OG GSQ PJO FDC[G LHFJD U EGL[ OU ZOHJ LCIU RD PL[WQ L
[HNDD PE OZZ OND L[LLC EGL[F UQQF OY GSHGN ]HS]Q GFD
PG GHDE RHQQ PLOZ PLFZ PE PGL[DFOH LOLOEG LTHL LD[ OU PLZOHJ PLQNJ
KHLFG RHQQ CHG PLQNJ PLFHQ [HNDD UQQ RSD[ CG EGL[ CG C]LC PCH C[QEG ]OCQ
HD]NH HGU[ OOND HSLC [HND UQQ ES ROGO C[QEG ]LEHTQ COC ROGOFN OHJD HC IGID
[JCO POHCH GHDE RHQQ [HNDG P [HQCG PU HS]LEHT ]HHGO L CLEHTG ]SZTQ LWO ]HWTH]G
PE GOLNCD []HQH OLCH LDY O ZHG L[G PLOUD RHQQ CHG CQOU LOHNO HD]N [HNDG ]KLJ
UH LCFH ]FHZQ GIG RQID KHJ [HNDD FZQG JN LTHT ZZHJQ ]ZOJH OCHQ ]LDH O[GQ HZTW RNH L[NSO
GUF CLDG RCN P[GQ ]HGEGD UH G[HJT HD RLHU QUD KHJ [HND EI ]LULD C[HSK[DQ GLFDHU HSD[ H[WD
GLOU ZOJH ]ZOHJG
PL[WQ L@ GKLJ [JCO ODC PLLJQ COC HL[DF ]C LOLOEG LTHL LD[ [QC CO CLEHTD [CHDQH
PLNHI PG GHDE RJOQ PLNHIG GHDE RHQQ CHG L[G >RD[ZG ]HFHDU F [JCO HSLLGF HU ROGO L[
ODC H[QC PLSGNG ZOJD Z[ HKZS TH]GH [DD PLOUDG ZOJD RG PLSGNG ZOJD RG [DHFQ L[WO
CHG PLOUD RHQQ [DG [C
GFHGL LD[ HZOJD GC FZO RGNG OHNLH HSHQQ CHG L[G GKLJ [JCO VC ]JC PLCS] ]UF GSL@
>ESDS RLHFZF CLEHTD U HI H]UFQ L[ HD [IJ CO D[F CDLOC
X[CO GYHJD HC GIG RQID COC PLOUD RHQQ HSLC GSHGN ]HS]QQ CHG [HNDG CLEHTD [CHDQ FHU
FUHLQ CHG L[G OC[L X[CDH ]LDG RQID P] [HND ODC GOLJ]NO WNU D[Z HSLC [QHCG ]UFO
GNHI CHG GDHE RJOQ COC LK[WG HSHQQN RGNG HD GNI COH GD[ZGO
]UFOH CSZTQG LWO PE PLLZ GKLJ [JCO PLLJQ RLD ZHOLJG L[O [DFD ]HWTH]H L[ HZOJSH
HSHQQ CHG POHUO PLOUDG ZOJ PLSGNG ZOJO PLOUDG ZOJ RLD CHG LFLJLG ZHOLJG CSZTQO TH]G
[DNH GHDE RHQQ HSLG PLLJQ PE PLQOD ZHH GIJ HC [HND RHEN PLSGNG ZOJH GKLJ [JCO PE
LWU
D DJ TLESUD [I[EG LHFJ U IN GYLD TH]H J G[HQ]D L[ L[DFQ H[LUG
CLEHTG [HCDH ]HNOGG LQUK [HCDD ]H[HND ]HNOG LHOG IL[ R[Q LHFLJD GC[H
LOLOEG LTHL LD[N PLZTHW GQN HKZS GNOGO
UQQ PLON LCHSD UH RCN C[G LWU JN LTHT UGC MH[U RJOGQ PSQCH H] T[ JGHYZD JLNHG RNH JN
L[G ZTW HL[DFQ GC[S ]HNOG GQN RLSUO LN PC GHDE RHQQ ZTW PDQ[G ]UFD PLSH[JC GD[G ]KLH ZWT [DFG
LTHT ZZHJQ ]ZOJ PDQ[G ]UFD CJ RHQQ LZIS OG GSQ PJO U
OICG RDC CD GDLSE HC HKE CHIJ JF GOLUQ GSQG ]DN[Q U ]HSH PLN[FD H]KL H[LDTGH PLOUD RHQQN PG
FHUH J QS
CZHF [JCO H[NQO [WCH PLOUD RHQQ CHG LOLOEG LTHL LD[ [QC GI H] T[ RHJG ]HYZD D]N
[CS POHUO COC H[LDJ PO RD[ZG GOUL LFN H[NQO [WC LC ODC [DG ]OLNC ]HNI RLSUO
CDHQ HT ROGO LSW U HI GKL OU PLZOHJ LH ]HGLQ] GQN DLLH ]HLEHT GQN [W GIDH [WN]Q G CHG
FHUH HKE ZD LC RHIJ CQ[ QGL]S ]HYZD
PFHZ GOLUQ PGD RLC PEG EGL[O VC G[H]G RQ GCSGD PL[HTC PLOZ PLFZ PLSH[JCG HD]N FHU
EJ [IULJCD UH UY D [CSH OZZF RHQQ ][LWN OU DLLJQ EGL[ UHFQ ILWO GZGH P JGHYZ U PFG ]ZL[I
LGZDH CD GOLUQ QOQ UH DT LTHT
FL VF
HLOU ODZ COH HWHE ][LQ HLOU ODZ UDGH OCHF C[H]O OLCQF G[H] GLZICF POHUO
"HLZIS ][LQ HLOU ODZ CO CG DLLJ PHLD CG GOLOD GY[WS CWLT CQLC LNG LC HLZIS ][LQ
GY[WS HGHULFHL FU [HKW PHLD HOLWC CHG LN [HG OUD OLCQO TJLL]Q DHLJG [WO RLCH
H C[G ]H VHTD ]HWTHS ]HDH]D UQQ RNH CD[ HOYC GQGDG RLC L[G
[LFG GY[WSN UFHHLGO LFN GO MHQTD ]HLGO GQGDG OUD OU DHLJ RLC [CHDQ
PC [HQO HLOU OKHQ RLC LQO G[TQ RHLN GOLOD PE DLLJ OLCQG CTLE MFLCO KZS LQ LH
FDC[G LHFJD CDHQ RN ZLI] PFHZ GY[WS HO UFHS GLG HOYC G]LG HOLCH X[WLL
R[Z LDEO ODC ZILSG [YJ GO CLHG R LDEOF PL[HHO ]FJHLQ GSLCH ]H[LWO ]FJHLQ [YJD
TLSNGO ZILSO GLG CO LWO PUKGH ZIS LYJ COC POQ HSLC RHW[K LD[O PEH ZILSG ]H[N LHG CO
H[H P
SN RHW[K LD[O PO ZIS POL EL[J RWHCD ]H[LW P ZLIG PC RNH PFC P MS HC JES PC RNC
LCH GF[ OU IK ROGO [LCQ ]LD P IKH ELZT KW UQT UH
RCN HKZS CNLOH [JC GFD [UDH CSLUD CGH [JCF COC OON GIO COH GIO CO CQLOLC
O GF [JC GFD [UDH ]HUQQ@ LLO PFC ]H[D HZLIG OE[GH RG OU [HKWO ]HKLWD
]H]LL[DG MND HZOJS RCN C[G HCLDG LQOH[LDH >FDC[U HO [UDQ GI
]W]HQG [YJD ][DHT C]LL[D G]HC PHQ [HKW KHW [DFN RCN HKZS UHFQ [WO LH
RLC GH PGLS ]H[ PC CZHFD [JC [HF GI CS] [CHDQH [HKW ]H[LWDH PL[HHD PGLSO
ZLIQG L[G ]H[LW P JLSGO PGLSO ]H[ RLC PC PUKG H]HCQ L[G RN RHLNH [JC GF GI
PGLS O GSLC PLH ZILSGH
PGLSO RLCD LQS LNGH CZHF HCO [JC H ]DLLJ RLW]HG [YJ [QCF RCQN MOHG LQOH[LG HOLCH
GJQ [LCQ [ LHFJ LWU DLLJ GD ]HNLL
ONG L[DFO GC[S ]H[ PGO L PC ODC C[G NHQN ]H[ COD [YJ G]HCO HTSNSN [DHFQG C
[G[DN [HKW
PL[HHO COH ]H[LWO CO ]FJHLQ GSLC PC PGLS O [YJD HOLWC G[HCNO CYHL G[HQCG C[DTG LWO D
UYH DLLJ [CHDQ CD[D POHCH [JC GF RCN RLC OE[H R OU [HKW
GIO COH GIO CO RSD[ CWLTH RHW[K LD[ CL[ FJF COC GIO COH GIO CO CKLW COC
OOHG PLSW ON OUH ]H[LWO ZILSG ]H[ HC ZILSG ]H[ CL[F CSLON KZS CO GQO GQL] FJF COC ]H[LWO
PGQ FJC O GSLC G[HQ GKHWG H]HUQQ GIO COH GIO CO ODC FJC O COC PGLS O CO UQQD L GIOH GIO CO
" CD[H FDC[UH