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מסכת ראש השנה
בעריכת יוס ב ארזה
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שע"י כולל עיו הד
ת.ד43087 .
הר נו ,ירושלי
פקס(02) 591 6024 :
טלפו (02) 651 5004 :בשעות אחה"צ
דואר אלקטרוניdaf@dafyomi.co.il :
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Dafyomi Advancement Forum
of Kollel Iyun Hadaf
140-32 69 Ave.
Flushing, N.Y. 11367
]Fax: (206) 2020-DAF [323
)Tel: 00 (972 2) 651-5004 (aft.
email address: daf@dafyomi.co.il
!Ask about D.A.F.'s free English study material
zeibeqd okez
d"a
fh – a mitc ,dpyd y`x zkqn
(srzqnde) zeibeqd okez
;cvik – miklnl dpyd y`x * (haya e"ha ziprz zriaw) * md mipy iy`x drax` – a
cg` mei ;oqipa cnre xc`a zn ,oqipa cnre oqipa zn ,xc`a xg` cnre xc`a zny jln
xhy xnel micrd zepn`p) ;mixge`nde mincwend aeg ixhy
* dpy aeyg dpya
('ipw`c' aezk oi`y xge`n xhy) ;(`ed mcwen
`l` mdl mipen oi`y miklnl oipn *
z`kd ;mixen` mixacd izni` – 'l`xyi lk l` dyn xac xy` mixacd dl`' * oqipn
giyne sqei oa giyn – oqipe xc` ;mipy iy`x drax` :mipipr) * oxd` zxihte oegiq
.(cec oa
ynyn ik * 'oxd` reb ik dcrd lk e`xie' ;cxre orpk oegiq ;'cxr jln iprpkd rnyie' – b
mlerd zene` iklnle l`xyi iklnl dpyd y`x jix`zl zexewn * zepeyl rax`a
ycwnd ziipa * jlnl dingp ixace dingpl ippg ixac * `xwna reayd ini oeiv *
wlnr oipr) * `zqygzx` ,yeixc ,yxek * mikix`ze mipy – `xfr ziilre ipyd
.(oegiql ezenczde
ixcb) ;…ipa eigiy liaya dwcvl ef rlq xne`d * oipn – uingdy xyk jln yxek – c
mivr zqpkd * (oad xhtp k"g`e epa digiy ick dwcvl xcpy in) ;(zeevna 'dnyl'
`ad care m"ekr ;xzq` oa yeixc) * 'elv` zayei lbyde' * ycwnd zia ziipaa
,zepaxwa 'xg`z la' * milbxl dpyd y`x * ('alk' ztilw) * (l`xyi za lr
devn – zexyrn zevn) * zezetlie zehiy ;exeriy – zexyrnae dwcva ycwda
,zxvra oinelyz * dfl df micrend lk eywed * (`cixb dlik` xzd e` ziaeig
daexn zytz' * a"yw x"ft oiprl envr ipta lbx ipiny * zekeqd bgae zevnd bga
.'zytz hren zytz ,zytz `l
mini – xnerd zxitq * zxvra dray oinelyzl xewn * milbxa milyexia dpil – d
'xg`z la'a ody zeevnd * gqt zngn mi`ad minlyae gqta xg`z-la * zereaye
ellige mnedy oaxw ;dcez itelig ;my`e z`hg minlye dler itelig ;zezetli mipic .'`hg jpaxwa `le – `hg ja' *
3
lbxd jeza mned ;xg` lr
zeibeqd okez
* el oi`e epnn oiywan k"" dzn mc` ly ezy` oi` ;'`hg jzy`a `le – `hg ja' – e
oic zia ziitkl xewn) ;zepaxwd lr diitk * zeyxc – '…ziyre xenyz jizty `ven'
*
dacp idefi`e xcp edfi` * aixwd `le yixtd ,yixtd `le xn` * (zeevnd lr
lbxa dleg oaxwd did * minly axw minly cle * dwcva xg`zÎla xeriy
*
milbx ,milbx `la dpy * xg`z laa xaer meie mei lka milbx 'b eilr exary oeik
zxvr oiay minid oipn ;zereayd bg ly jix`z * dxezay 'dpy' * dpy `la
di`xa dy` aeig * dy`a ;yxeia 'xg`z la' * dpyd y`xl dpyd y`x oia ,zxvrl
.men-lraae mza – dpy el mipen izni`n xeka * milbxa dgnyae
cg`a * (opaxcn e` `zixe`cn – dpeny oan zegt zlik` xeqi`) ;jynd – xekad zpy – f
– miza zexikyl s` mixne` yie milwy znexzle mixeairle miycgl dpyd y`x oqipa
* dpyd z` xarl miraew izn * 'dtiq` ea yiy ycg' ;'aia`d ycg' * zezetli
zepaxwl elyn acpzdy cigi * caricae dligzkl – dycg dnexzn zepaxw z`ad
epzpyna dpy-iy`x oipn ;yi dpy iy`x dnk * ef dpyl ;dpyl zia xikynd * xeaiv
.(xnerl mcew l"ega ycgdn dxivw) *
mixk eyal' ;zezetlie zehiy – dnda xyrnl dpyd y`x * jynd – dpy iy`x oipn – g
y`x * obc xyrne dnda xyrn ywd ;'exiyi s` errexzi xa ethri miwnre o`vd
;'…epbg meil dqka xtey ycga erwz'
* oicl ,dtewzl ,zexhyl – mipyl dpyd
;oicl dligz qpkp jln – xeaive jln ;mlerd zene`e l`xyi htyn ;('yceg' zeiernyn)
laeid zpy izn cre izni`n * zelaeile oihinyl dpyd y`x * (oica aexiwe wegix)
.zycwzn
ea yiy mewn lka ycewd lr legn ztqez * dhinyd zepya dpyk laeid zpy oipn – h
ipic * xetk mei axra dlik` * zaya xnerd xivw * zehiye zezetli – 'zeay'
laei * zexig oeyl 'xexc' * eiptl yxcp `xwn * miakrn mpi`ye miakrnd laei
oipn ;ziriayl jenq dakxde dkxad ,drihp * drihpl dpyd y`x * ux`l dvega
oli` zxiwr ;wxq oli` zrihp ;dfd onfa ziriay ztqez) ;dpyd seqa rhepa dlxr zepy
.(l`xyi ly drihp rhpy ixkp ;ztqeza rhipy
miyly / dpy miaeyg dpya cg` mei * haya e"ha e` ixyza – iraxe dlxr zepy meiq – i
oa' 'lbr' mdn * zezetlie zehiy ;dteqa e` dpyd zligza – dpy miaeyg dpya mei
dlxr oiprl 'dpy' aeyig ;drihpd zhilw onf jyn
*
dxeza mixen`d 'xt' 'xwa
lgx dxy zciwt ,zea`d zcil ,mlerd z`ixa ikix`z * dpyd seqa rhepl ziriaye
l`xyi zle`b ,mixvna epizea`n dcear lehia ,mixeq`d zian sqei z`ivi ,dpge
.(l`xyi yi`l xq`nn d`ivi zexyt` – dpyd y`x) *
dcizrd
4
zeibeqd okez
e`xap oznewa ziy`xa dyrn lk * zeyxce zezetli ;jynd – mler zenia mikix`z – `i
ielin * (zea`d zepzi`) ;'eif ycg' ;'mipzi`d ycg' * e`xap opeiavl e`xap ozrcl
lil' * mirhewnl zclei drayl zclei ;'jil` aey` crenl' * miwicv ly mdizepy
.(riwxay zelfnd) ;rwey / dler dnik lfn ;leand ikix`z * 'mixeny
elwlw oigzexa ;ziy`xa dyrn mdilr d"awd dpiy mdiyrn epiyy jezn ,leand xec – ai
inkg lv`e l`xyi inkg lv` ,dtewzl oipne zexecd zepy oipn * epecip oigzexae
mcew dpyd y`x axr wxi hwil * zexyrnle zewxil dpyd y`x * mlerd zene`
zepy xcq * jtdle oyid lr ycgd on oinxez oi` ;ynyd `eazyne ynyd `eazy
ozlzl lecibd aly * 'ef dpyl' / 'dpyl' exagn d`pd xcend * zezetli – zexyrnd
inkg :mipipr) * zezetli – yily z`ad ;zexyrnd zriaw oiprl ,mizifle d`eazle
.(zipinyl d`viy ziriay z`eaz ;mdipipne ,mlerd zene` inkge l`xyi
d`iady recia bga dxvwpy d`eaz lk ;zeyxc .ziriay oiprl – d`eaza yily z`ad – bi
xner * (`zixe`ca 'belt `l') ;dxryd hegk minkg zecn * dpyd y`x iptl yily
z`adl xyk m`d – ixkp xivw ;edeaixwd okidn – ux`l mzqipka l`xyi eaixwdy
zeiphwa raewd alyd * 'iav ux`' * 'gqtd zxgnn ux`d xearn elk`ie' ;xnerd
xza wxi ,yily xza mizife d`eaz ,dhpg xza oli` ;ziriaye zexyrnd zepy oiprl
.yaia dlia yi m`d ;mipey mdizexyrny mirxf zaexrz mixyrn cvik *
dhiwl
lete miqixqd milva ;zezewtpe zeyxc – dhiwl xg` mikled zewxia * jynd – dlia – ci
iaxa dyrn * oli`l dpyd y`x * d"x iptl mei miyly min mdn rpny ixvnd
dhpg xg` e` dhiwl xg` bexz`a mikled m`d * haya cg`a bexz` hwily `aiwr
zeyrl dvexd ;lld ziak dkld – i`ny ziae lld zia * ziriaye zexyrn oiprl – bexz`a dpyd y`x * mdixnegke mdilewk ,lld zia ixack e` i`ny zia ixack
.(haya e"ha d`p bexz` lr dlitz) *
ixyza e` haya
bexz` * (ux`l dveg zexita oli`l dpyd y`x) * jynd – bexz`a dpyd y`x – eh
iwelige zehiy ;ziriayle xyrnl – dhpg xg` e` dhiwl xg` bexz` * `ci dil `iyw
oli` * (ziriay ipic oiprl ,oli`l dpyd y`x ;zexyrnn ziriayd zpy xeht) ;mipic
dkixa e` zekixa izy oirk dyerd oli` ;xyrzn cvik ,haya e"h mcew eizexit ehpgy
zexit xyrn ;opaxc xeqi`a ,oicd cbpk hyty bdpn) * gey-zepaa ziriay * zg`
.(opaxcn e` `zixe`cn ecar htyn zeyrl' ;'eppgaz mirbxl mixwal epcwtze' ;mda oecip mlerdy miwxt – fh
dti * (minrhe mipipr Ð dpyd y`xay oicd) ;'eneia mei xac l`xyi enr htyne
xner e`iad dxez dxn` dn iptn * oic xfb xg`l oia oic xfb mcew oia mc`l dwrv
dnl ;li` ly xteya oirwez dnl ;bga min ekqp ,zxvra mgld izy e`iad ,gqta
oi`y dpy lk * (ohyd aeaxir oipr) ;micner mdyke miayei mdyk oirixne oirwez
eiyrn itl `l` mc`d z` mipc oi` * dzlgza dyxy dpy lk ;dzlgza dl mirwez
dpeekde dlitz oeir lr) ;mc` ly eizepeer mixikfn mixac dyly * dry dze` ly
zlawd * mc` ly epic xfb mirxwn mixac drax` * exag lr oic xqend lk * (da
.oicd meil md zezk yly ;migztp mixtq dyly *
5
lbxa dxdh aeig ;lbxa eax ipt
.'zecren iwxt' xtqn Ð mipy iy`x drax` Ð gtqp
zeibeqd okez
d"a
hk
Ð
fi mitc ,dpyd y`x
(srzqnde) zeibeqd okez
,oteba mlerd zene` / l`xyi iryet ,miryx ,mipepia ,miwicv ;`eal cizrly oicd Ð fi
yper) ;dvgn lr dvgn ,zeper aex ,(xeaiv ikxcn miyxet) miqxewit`e zexeqn mipin
* (miryxd zenyp zeigvp ;zepwix Ð miryxd
* miny myl `ly xeavd lr dxizi dni` lihnd qpxt * oiltz gpn `lc `ztwxw
zix`yl ryt lr xaere oeer `yep' ;'oey`x oey`x xiarn' ;`yepe yaek ;'cqg axe'
*
''d rnyi ik izad`' yxcn
wicv' * eiryt lk lr el oixiarn eizecn lr xiarnd lk * 'zn`e cqg axe' ;'ezlgp
;''d ,'d' * (dfd xcqk e y r i ) ;zecn b"i zxin` * 'eiyrn lka ciqge eikxc lka 'd
cigia ;mc` ly epic xfb zrxwny daeyz dlecb * (envr ipta mler Ð daeyzd)
'mipt z`iyp' * '…aeh ik 'dl ecd'
xenfnay zeipniq * ('xeaiv' zxcbd) ;xeaivae
;melyd zlrn ;dxezd cenil zlrn ;oiltz gpn `lc `ztwxw :mipipr) * mi`hegl
.(mi`hg 'zxard' ;exagl mc` oia zeiyrn zebdpd ;oicd meil dewz gzt
iptn ,mecxbl / dhnl elry mipy ;dreay enr yiy oic xfb ;xeavae cigia oic xfb zrixw Ð gi
zg` dgtyn ;ilr zian iia`e (`ax) dax ;ilr zia yper
eyxc'
* cxi `l dfe cxi df dn
(dxezd gkn d`ad dxtk) ;dpy g"i ipa mizn dizn eidy milyexia dzid
*
* '…minid zxyrk idie' ;mixetkd meil dpyd y`x oiay mini dxyr ;'e`vnda 'd
lr * (el mikixv miaxdy yi`) ;zg` dxiwq ;'oexn ipak eiptl oixaer mlerd i`a lk'
onfa ,mely yiy onfa Ð dixkfay zenev drax` * mi`vei migelyd miycg dyy
zeiprz 'c ;dfd onfa zeiprz 'c aeig swez) ;dxfb oi`e mely oi` ,zekln zxfb yiy
'ixiyrd mev' edn * epiwl` zia ztixyl miwicv zzin dlewy * (zeipetvd zepicna
'devn zcerq') ;cela dkepga ziprz exfbe dyrn * ziprz zlibn dlha m`d *
zwign xeqi`) * zexhydn zexkf` lehia lr ixyza iyilya aeh mei * (dkepga
ycgd yeciw ipipr) * ('ric`' ;zifrela aezkd mya ;`nxba Ð oeifa xeqi`e zexkf`
.(dpyd y`x zkqna Ð zeclene
* (dpyd y`xa ziprz) * mdixg`lye mdiptly meia ziprz Ð miaeh mini Ð hi
d`a Ð xc`a dpenye mixyr * wefig mikixv mixteq ixac ;wefig mikixv dxez ixac
xi`n iax cinlz Ð reny oa dcedi iax * dxezdn ewzpii `ly micedil daeh dxeya
oi`
zlibnay miaeh mini x`ye mixete dkepg * xa` mkezl sihde eawipy zikekf ilk *
* (dlvde qp odl rx`y zelidwl 'aeh mei' oewiz) * ziad oaxeg xg`l Ð ziprz
(dlebae l`xyi ux`a ,ziad onfa mini ipy dpyd y`x) * jxevl lel` yceg xeair
oey`xa zebdep m`d ,ipy xc`a zebdepd zeevn * ipy xc` lr mi`vei migely m`d *
cg` `ln cg` e` mixqg minrt mi`ln minrt e` ,h"k e` mei miyly Ð dpy xeair *
.xqg
3
zeibeqd okez
* 'xtey'e 'oxw' ;dxt ly xtey ;mixykd zexteyd * jynd Ð oiic dyrp cr Ð ek
xtey * 'inc miptak `ed oexkflc oeik' ;xebpq dyrp xebhw oi` * ('x ze` ztqez)
;dhiyw Ð drn ;dcenlb Ð dcp ;`laei Ð `xkc * zextey dylye mipy `le cg`
;zeblbelg ;oibexiq ;raw :miln ixe`a * ieky Ð lebpxz ;itpip Ð dlk ;dxik Ð dxikn
(mikqn / oian epi`y onfa ,mikqn / oian eli`k mipt zcnrd) * adi ;`h`h ;lqlq
/ siikc dnk ;heyt lri ly e` setk li` ly ,zeiprze laeie dpyd y`x ly zextey *
dpyd y`xa Ð zexvevgae xteya ycwna driwzd * ilrn ith dizrc yipi` hiytc
;yecwd epiax ;ueg zceare mipt zcear ;xebpq dyrp xebhw oi` :mipipr) * ziprzae
.(dpyd iycg a"ia mixexia a"i ;zelczyde oeghad zcn ;jadi 'd lr jlyd
* adfa xteyd it ietiv Ð fk
;mizyk aygdl dkex` driwz zwqtd ;dteq e` driwzd zligz zriny * lldae
ly mpenn lr dqg dxezd ;adf e` sqk ,ycwna zexteyd ietiv * xead jezl rwezd
dlibna dxezd z`ixwa ,zeriwza ;irnzyn ilw ixz m`d
driwz) ;oileabae ycwna Ð zexvevg mr dpyd y`xa xteya driwz
laeid dey
(zexvevge xtey oipr)
* l`xyi
(dfd onfa ;xteya e` zexvevga zeiprza
*
*
* 'oey`x meil oexkf jiyrn zligz meid df' zxin` ;zekxale driwzl dpyd y`xl
xtey ozp ;adf edtiv ;exxb ;exviwe jex` ;enzqe awip ;zextey ixay waic ;wcqpy xtey
wc elew did ;driwz xeriy dnk ;ea rwze egcw ;eilr siqed ;ea rwze ektd ;xtey jeza
xtey lew rnye zqpkd zia ixeg` xaer didy in ;xead jezl rwezd ;xexv e` dar e`
.dlibn e`
cenr dlriy mcew driwz zvwn ;xead zty lr dzvwne xeaa driwz zvwn rny Ð gk
dzligz e` dzligz `ll driwz seq rny
* y"dr dlriy xg`l dzvwne xgyd
minly ly ;dler ly xteya driwz * mizyk dipya jyne dpey`xa rwz ;dteq `ll
izezk' ;zgcpd xir lye f"r ly xtey ;epzip zepdil e`l zeevn ;(minlyn d`pd xeqi`)
d`fd ;xteyn d`pd xcend ;exagn d`pd xcenl devn ly driwz * ;'dixeriy zzkin
m`d ;xiyl rwez ;dvn lk`e e`tk * oirnn d`pd xcenl dliah ;exagn d`pd xcenl
;(xeaicay zeevna ;sebd z`pd oda yiy zeevna ;dpeekd xcba) ;dpeek zekixv zeevn
* 'siqez la' oiprl devna dpeek ;zxvr ipinya dkeqa oyid * rinyne rney zpeek
mipzipa eaxrzpy zepzn-rax`a mipzipd minc
mipdk zkxaa 'siqez la'
*
.(zewtqa dbdpd ;'d cia jln al min iblt')
*
zg`-dpzna
* xteya rinyne rney zpeek ;jynd Ð zeevna dpeek Ð hk
mixehtde miaiigd * (enr dnglnde wlnr oipr) * '…sxy jl dyr' ;…l`xyi xabe
miiel mipdk * mzaeg ici miaxd z` `iven epi` xaca aiegn epi`y lk * xteya
eci dyn mixi xy`k dide'
z` mz`ved Ð oixeg oa ivg car ivge qepibexcp` mehneh * laeiae xteya mil`xyie
;oiide mgld zkxan ueg `iven `viy t"r` zekxad lk * daeg ici mnvr z`e mixg`
ezia ipa e` migxe` xear jxand * meid yeciw ly oiid zkxae dvn ly mgld zkxa
.(dpyd y`xa dgnye ika) *
6