]NTQG C[D RLHYQD U PHDLO GOWS LCS]G ]OUDD PLSHC[ [CH TH]G L[DFD QHQ
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[DF GFDL ]H[UG XDHZ DZT EQZ EZT IOZ PLCHOQ LSDC U XHJ LHFLZD GFZ]S LC ]CD TH]G HSF GQDH
INHN DZUL ]HOGZ EL EJ PG[DC
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]H[YG RLSUO RNH@ FDOD PGQ FJCO HC PLJCG ONO GZHZI GQDLG PC GOCD HZOJS CC LQOH[LD
GOLJ]Q GQDLG GZZIS CO [[DHG FJCG XOJ [CN LZO L[O >]JC Z[ HC ]HZHZI ROHN PCG
GHYQ PHZQD CO JC ]C RLFN JC ]C [HTLCD PLFQHU PLJCG [C MNOH HFDO XOHJO COC
U[WQO RLHFZG GD PLTWH] G][YO HYOJ MN [JCH L[NS PFCO GFZ]S GQDL H[QC LQOH[LDH@
CHG PHQ FJCG ]YLOJD ][]LS GQH PLJCG ONO ]ZZIS GQDLG RSJHL LD[O HOLCH >G[HC R[Z U
[CG ]HJLOD XOHJ
GZ]LS PHQ PL[QHC L FJCG ]YLOJ [JCO PLJCG [C OU RSJHL LD[O ][TCS GSLC [DFG PUKDH
XOJ FJC ON HOLCN PLJCG ONO ]TJLL]Q GYLOJG RHLNH TH]U HCOO ][NQ GYLOJG [JCO DH]NG
CD[ LWU PL[WQ LH >HFDO XOHJO COC Z]LS CO LZO L[O NCQ@ POHNO TJLL]Q ZH]LSG PE
][IHJ GSLC MNOH L[QEO G[]HG GOLWS ]UD [DN GQDLG PHQ RSJHL LD[ O HQUK DLC PHDL PDQ[UH
VL[D XLOJ LCG LUD LCH XLOJ LCG LUD LC C[ZLUQF LFLQ CNLC LQ RSJHL LD[ [QC HGIH ][TCSH
ONO GZHZI CLG [QHO ]HJLO ][DTO ML[Y PHZQ ONQH ][ND GOU LCZ C]GH PDLLQ GT[LEG Q
PYUD [[DHG L[G VHTDO XOJ GIO PGQ FJCO COC GZHZI GSLC PLKZHS HSLLG HOLC LN PLJCG
GZHZI RSJHL LD[ [QC MNO P[HTLCD PLFQHU PG ODC GIO COC GOLWSG ]UD OON G[]HG CO
GZLI T[KSHZ JQ [HC UUH KF ]H[UG XDHZ MOLCH IG GQ L[QC LWU GOLWS ]UD G[]HG L[GH POHNO PYUD
H OCHQ ]N[D FD UGC [IULJC CL
JL ROGO CDHQD U GYLOJG LU U[WQO GZLIG ]UZWG RLSUD FHU
PLYWJ PSLC PLJHHYH PLFQHU ]H[YG PLJCG [C HOLWC L[G G[H]G ON O ]HJLO RLFN GSLC LCFH RCND ]HJLO [FEH
[JCG HCU HOLCN OLUHQ FJC O GUQ GI RLSUO ]HJLON DJSH CHG G[H]G RLF COC POHNO GYLOJG GOLUHG HI GYLOJD
CFL DZUL ]HOGZDH >GYLOJD ]HJLO GOLUHQ RCNQ CLYHGO GY[ LQ ]UF GJFH@ FLDLEN[ UGC [IS LSDC ]HD GID U
JHOO GOHNL RLC MNOG GQYUD G[HTC GOHTWG PHQ GOHTWG G][Y [HKW] CO G[N ]CLD EL RHLYO [HFD NQ HJFH@
>JLO
GFZH RLJCG RQ FJC FQU CWLT CQLC GFZH [IJH H]QDLO XOHJG O[O RSJHL LD[ GLDL]LC
LS]LOH RLHCO LDLLJD RLTWH] RLHFLZ RLC [QCF CDLZU LD[O RC]C CWLT PHON HLOU GO RLC
CLHZG [ZLU CS] FJN COF CWLTH CL[ ]HD[ HSLYQ LW OU VC PHON HLOU HO RLC U[ L[DFO
H]HCD [DLF COH GFZH PLJCG RQ FJC MOG G[ZQ OU [DLF UHFQ CDLZU LD[N CWLTG PC CLG
CDKL[H RDQ[ LWU PHON HLOU GO RLC GFZH [IJ HQYU XOHJG CL[G O G[ZQ
CL VF
]HKL LKHZLOH KW L[HCD
EO
JCG LHFLZ [JCO HFOHS [DHFQ TH]H L[WO RHUQ LD[N RCQN PLFHOLG RLJC RLJC RCQ
]UF VTHL
FOHS RLFN RHUQ LD[O HOLWC H[TCS GYLOJG [JCO HFOHS LWUC RNO PFHZQ HFOHS PC UQQH
PDLL MN [JCH
RHUQ LD[O PG PHDL LSD G]UQ PLFOHSG RN OUH L[QEO GZLIG GUZW [DN XOJ RHLN PL[DHT LH
]H[UG XDHZ JLG GQ L[QC UH HI GUF GJF L[LCQGH CDKL[GH CD[G RDQ[G RHOD U FOHS MN [JCH PDLL HQN
ED
GKHTO RLC D[ ]UFO [CHDQ RCN C[QEG ]LEHTQ G[HTC GKHT ][Y D[ [QC GFHGL D[ [QC
RDQ[G VL[G KLH PHDL PDQ[G HZTW MNH ]HL[UN ]HQDL]QH ]HYOHJ RSLCH OON PHDL ]ZLI G][YOH
PLLHEG RLD GUQKSH GOUD ]C GDIU ]FQHQ RLFG CHG P D]NH@ ICL[GH C[G HYZ] UH[I [HC N CD[GH
ZTW RNH >CLEUZ UGC KL[ RFG ]QH[] UH LNF[QG NNH PHDLG RQH GYLOJG RQ H]C G[HKW ]QN ][JC CSH
PFHZ GOUD ]Q PC MN OU PLFU LH RHY[D GOUD ]J] G]SI GC CLEUZ UGC MH[U RJOHD
G][Y RNH GYLOJG RQH PHDLG RQ G[HKW G[E
PLSHC[G HNL[CG [DNH D[ O HSLFO ][]HTN G[HCNO ]LC[S HG GKHT ]NTQD C[QEG ]LEHT PSQC
P]GF CLEHTN C[QHJO ZTWH [DFD ]HZHOJ C[QEG ]HLEHT FDC[G ]UF RNC ]HLEHTG ]HHGOH [CDO
GYLOJ GNL[YGO
PEH GF SZ UGC CSLS] GFHGLD UFHS L[LCQH CDKL[ U GKHTD CLEHTG PU G]HHGO GI RLSUD HS]LEHT ]C PE PL[WQ LH
PHDL PDQ[G OU J[EG LHFJ FO C CJ [IULJC ]HD U PLSHC[G ]HKLDH GKHTD CLEHTG PU HS]LEHT DHLD FHU
F[ EJ LHOG KD NZ FJ UGC GQ ]H[EC GQ LL ]LD IKC [L L[U I OCHQ ]N[D KLH
GO PLQLNTQ PLSHC[ FHU HI GKL
P C[EG ]UF RNH G]HQN [LQJGO ZTWH PL[QHC L PD P UGCD CQ[G GCLDG GUQO
GKHTG PLSG RQ ]JC ONO GYLOJ ML[YGO L CQ[G ]KLO PCG P OCHQ ]LDH JDG PLSH[JC HZOJSH
CJ [IULJC UH IINZ LCRHIJG D]NH RGQ ]JC O GYLOJD LF CQ HC > GOHTW GYLOJ RLFN@ G][YH
LDY [G UUH ]JC GYLOJ GZLWTQ JDG ]UFN [ZLUG C
[JC MHQTO L DN[ UGC [IS LSDC ]H DHKNHTQ RHCEG ZTW RNH P GDH] LJ]WD CDHQ IDF[G D]NH
L [QHQ PDLG RHEN OZGO VTHS FY L PHZQD GYLOJG RQ G][YH GKHT PL[KHWG PLZTHWG DH[
CJ CL[EG ]HDH] XDHZ UUH NZ FJ UGC GQ ]H[EC ]HD GDJ[GD PE UH OON PHDL RLF HO RLC PL[DHT
[LQJGO LHC[ D]N DL CDKL[G RNH KL[ RFG ]QH[] U FHUH P[GQ
FWZ
RLCH GYLOJO D[TQ HC J[D PDLG RHEN RHELU PHZQD HI GKL OU MHQTO OZGO H[HG PLZTHW LH
D CJ [IULJC ]H [LCQ ]LD KZT EUZ GDH] LJ]W U GYLOJ COO CSGO GOHNL HWHNO HSLFLD
[WCH CQOUD C[QHJ PHQ COH QQ CSLFF CZLWT O [DFG ZLIJQ UQQ EOZ LC RHIJD PSQC
G][YH CLG GYLOJQ G[HKW GKHT GNOGO KZS RHLYO [HCD U MFLCQ PL[NISG PL[ZQD OZGO RLC H]UFO
GD GU GKHTD OONG [QCS CO GI RLSUOH
ZWT GKHT ]C LO ][QCH LCFH GKHT CSC MO CSLQC
DU
HK ]H[UG XDHZ IKC [L L[U FO C CJ [IULJC ]H UUH KLH PHDL LHOG J[EG LHFJD [DFG [HCD U LCFHN ZWT
I KS[EG LHFJ
CHG CYH[L]F OYN
GOUDS G[]TS LCQ
FO
CL VF ]HQDL
CDL]NF CHG H]H[E [LIJQD GCQHK NDL[ [QCF RHLN MO LUDL] CO [WLN RD LTHL LD[F CDLOC
RQH GYLOJG RQ G[HKWH PHDL RLSUO GH[UN CLG L[G [WLN RD LTHL LD[O PL[WQ TH]G G]HQN G][Y
][ND COH HCOD CLG L[G GYLOJ ]DLLJ PL[DHT PLSHC[ GQN POHCH G][YO RLFG CHGH PHDLG
]YOHJ G][Y RN OUH G]HQN G][Y GI RLSUO COC ]HL[UO G]HHGO HSFQO CO GCQHK QH
PDLO COH [JCO ]FJHLQ G[F L P LN D[ L[DFO GYLOJG RQ VC G[HKW GKHTO GQHF GSLCH
FHUH L[LCQ CDKL[ CD[ RDQ[ LWU GYLOJG RQ VC [KWLGO G]HQN G][Y HSFQO GCQHK QH G GKHT U
PC[ LS[Z UH L[ ]UFD C[GQ NNH
GS RCN VTHL D[ [QCF VTHL D[F PHQ GSLQ GLO CZWS LCQ CLIJ GLFLFOF RHLN ][QCZFH
OU [DU PCH GOHTWO XHOJO H]HC PLWHN VCH PGO PLNL[Y PL[JCH H[HD LQ PFC MHWL CO LD[
UGC VTHL ]LDD CDHQ GQ[ LWU ]HZOQO HD H[]G PC H]HC PLZOQ VCH H]HC PLFSQ PL[LGIQG L[DF
CTZ
PLQG ]NLWD RLCN PE H[LW PGO PLNL[Y PL[JCH H[HD LQ PFC MHWL CO LD[ GS RCN
LW OU VC PGO M[KYL HGF RCQ PC PL[JCO HQL PGD CGL PC OON UHFL RLC LN ]LJ] OD PHQ
HO OC NWUC RGNO COH [JC PFCO CSL] HI GYHOJ PLLHNLTG DH[ COG RCN HQN MHWL CO RN
FHF ]NHT LWU GUSQOH HI ]H[WC PLFLD OKDO
ML[YH CZHF GOHTWO XHOJO DLLJ HSLCH G[NO XHOJO []HQ UQQ G][Y HC CLG HC CQLC COC
UUH CD[G LHFJ LWU PGO PLNL[Y PL[JCH H[HD LQ MHWL CO [QC VTHL D[ OU ZOHJ [QHO
VTHS H[LW HY FJ HL]HDH]D
OU VCH RN ON CO GO [HTCD G[HTC GO []HQD [QHJH OZ RSL[QCF LO CLUDQZ CO CWHE CLG
RLC UHFQH HCO Q []HL [HQJ HSLC PDLO G[HTLC PE COG RN PCH HCO D COC G[HTC GSLC GOUDO LW
HQYU PHDL [HTLC LWON [QCS [QHJHOZG LN GZ CO GU] CO GJFLH PHDLF GU CHDL PL[QHC
CHK ]H[UG XDHZ LWU PDL]GO G[HTC RLFG [QCS CWHE GI OUH
DL VF
G[HTC GSLC ]SCQQ H]D ][Y LW OU VC ]SCQQ H]D ][Y PHQ G[LIE G[HTC ]SCQQ ][Y
ONG COC G[IEO G[IE HI RLC OCHQ [DHT GOLWS ]UD GH[U ][YN ]LC[S G[IE PHQ COC
]SCQQ ][Y [L]GO ZTW RSJHL LD[ PD RLD[ POHCH@ CG CQLLZ CO CG CO LCF CLG ]JC G[IE
CDKL[ CD[ >CLG G[IEO G[IE [DHT
GOWS COH OON HO GLHC[ GSLC LW OU VCH GQDL CLGN GLDCD GSCLQ L[W ]SCQQ H]D ][Y
]SCQQN G]HC PLDLJQ CQOUD RHCLQ GUQ G]U LSWQ NLWUC "HD MLL RHCLQ GQH PHDLO HLSWO
CLDG GLSG GUFNH CDKL[ LWU PGQ FJCD GSCLQH PLWTHS PLJC HO LN PL[HQC PL[DFG PL[WQ LH
GO
LQOH[LGQ EL ROGO FL[H]D