GCQHK [QC [WLN RD LTHL LD[O PLSD COD ]Q PCH HCOD [DHU [JCO ]CLS [JCO H]H[E [LIJQG E
GCQHK [ZLU RSD[OH TH] PHDLG RQH GYLOJG RQ G[HKWH GH[UN GSLF GCQKG [C L[JC GD DH]N
ZJYL [D RQJS D[ L[DFOH TH] ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ ]CLS H]H[E [LIJQD COH [QCS GKHTD
CO RN ON CO GO [HTCD G[TCS GO []HQD F [QHJHOZG ]QDL]Q VC CQ [DFD RSJHL LD[ ZW]TG
GHYQ PHZQD PLOC
]YOHJ [WLN RD LTHL LD[O HOLWC > TH]GN COF@ PLSHC[ FHUH N ROGOH RCN RDQ[G ]UF
RLHCO LDLLJ COC GSLC
HC ]QDL]Q PC RSD[O HZW]TS ]JC RHO LWO GFHGL D[ RSJHL LD[ PLC[HQC HZW]TS G][Y RLSUO
CQ [WLN RD LTHL LD[O CHG ZWTG ][JC RHOOH ]HL[UN G[HKW LCFH [WLN RD LTHL LD[O ODC ]YOHJ
G][Y CQ HC ]QDL]Q G][Y MNOG GDUH] G][Y RLCH GDUH] CLG CLG GDUH] LNQ G[Y GKUQ]S
][]HQ G][Y DL RSJHL LD[ PD RLD[ [TQ RNH ]QDLL]Q LCFH RSD[O ODC TH] GYLOJG RQ G[HKW
QN FDOD GT[C]S PC RLFG CHGH@ ]CLSQ H]H[E [LIJQG DFUZ MH[U RJOD ZTWS GNOGO
]QDL]Q HC ]YOHJ G][YH ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ CLG ]QH >ICL[ LZTWD
[LCQ ]LDH FZT FUZ UGC OCHQ ]LD QQ CD[ MND G][Y G[KWS CO GLOU CDH PDLG [DU
CIY [HC LFHQU GYLOJ GNL[Y MNOG PHON G]CLD RLC MND G[KWS CO GQYU CLG PEH
DL VF
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GLHFLZ RLC GQC HC GLJC GHCLG H]H[Q GCYL [DNH [DUD GLDC GCLG HC GQH]L GSKZ C
HLJCO CSLO ][]HQH U[WQO RLHFLZG G[ZU GSCLQNH GOUDD RCQO GOHNLH RSD[FQ COC RLHFLZ
G][Y RN ONH HLDCOH
PFHZ PHDLO HLSWO GOWS LWO HLJC ]CN ]LC[S RSD[F G[IEQ HO G[HTC PDLD GSCLQH GOUD ]Q
PHQ G[IE PDLO G[HTC G][Y RNH H]ONN ]LC[S GOLWS ]UD HLDCO G[HTC GI PUKQH GSCLQ
RSJHL LD[ HOLCH OCHQ [QC CDZHU [Q [QC OQQ [D LOLO D[ [QC RN GYLOJ GNL[YH ]SCQQ H]D ][Y
PDLO ]SCQQ ][Y [L]G
GD GU PC Z[H XHOJO ]DLLJ COC GZLIG ULZWGO OLUHQ PDLD RHCLQG RLC IZ CLUHC LD[ L[DFO
COHUH OCHQH GSCLQ PC VC GNL[Y GYLOJ ODC KE GNL[Y GSLC [QCQG ULZWGO RHCLQG OLUHQ [QCQ
RHCLQG LU OSN GOUD LDC FDOQ POHUG ONO ][]HQH GZLIG ULZWGO OLUHQ RHCLQG PL[DHTH PLZOHJ
PLFHQ ONG MLJC LCHSD COH MLCHSD CO LWC LC PDLO ][QHC PC H[QC LQOH[LD C
OLUHQ RLC CLUHC [O [DHTH MN OU ZOHJ HSFHQO] POHCH PLSHC[G RLCHLSG ][ZHU
PLSHC[ RWHC PHD PHDL ]ZLIO RHCLQ
LWU GOLWS ]UD H]ONN ]LC[S G]LG LSWQ HLDCO G[HTC RN PE GQDL]S [JCO GSCLQ D
CUT EL TH]
[H VL[ LWU RSJHL LD[ L[DFN ][]HQ ]SCQQ ][Y GNOGO E
ISZ
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GNL[Y GSLCH U[WQO PLSHC[G GLHFLZ G[ZU HD GSCLQH FJC PDL GLG PC PLZTHW L F
RQ GYLOJ GNL[Y MNLWOH L[QEO GZLIG ]C GSHCLQD G[ZU CO FJC PDLQ []HLD ODC GYLOJ
PL[WQG LOHFE ]UFD L[LCQD CDHQ HO PDL]] HC [JCG
GOUD LDH[ZO MND G[L]GOH HLG RLCHLSD OUDG ]]LQ [JCO RCQO MLL RLC PDL RLCN G
G EDCLZ CHIJ U PNTHQ [DFG RLCH RHLYO [HC PE UH ILCL RLH[LE QQ LWU
GID GSCQ GNOGOH ][]HQ HC PLJCG [C OU G[HTC FJC PDLO ]SCQQG PCG IZ ROGO PLQNJG HZOJS
OCHQ L[DFN GID ][]HQ
RDQ[GH HLDCO FDOQ ][]HQ CLG PLDH[Z [CO RLFG CHG ILCL RLH[LE PDQ[G ]UFO
PLZOHJ CD[GH
ROGO PLSHC[DH FL[ LH] CDKL[ U PLSHC[ [CN COF@ PDQ[G ]UFD FJO D]N LQ LH
FCLZ CHIJ UH ILCL RLH[LE L[IU LDC LWU HD GSCLQ GIO ][]HQ PDLO ]SCQQG >IZ
OU G[HTC CLG L[GH FO] [C PHDL ]D GSLC ]LSHOLCG LWO G[HTC ]LSHOLC ][Y LTC D[ [QC D
[L]G RSJHL LD[H GH[U ][Y RLFN PHDLG RQH GYLOJG RQ ][KWS G][Y PE MNOG JC ]C [HTLCD PDLG
GH[U ][Y HIH GHYQ PHZQD GH[U ][Y COC G[H] G[TC CO GNOGO CD[ ZTW RNH PDLO ]LSHOLC ][Y
C[QED ]HSHO L] H[QCS RNH PLCS] [DFD HZOJS HK C[QED ]JC ]H[WC LWO@ GHYQ PHZQD CO
>LTC D[N CO HC LTC D[N PC GSQG RHO ZHFZFD N
>]HUK JZQ PHQ [LW ]NTQG C[D L[ OU GQ]H@ CD[ FL[ VL[ CNH PHDL PDQ[ GNOG RNH
KEUZ UGC
]QDL]Q G][YH ]HUK JZQ GI L[G GD [LNG CO ODC ]LSHOLC CLG H]CD [LNG HLJCN GI ONH
GLG CO UFL HOLC CQ JCG ]]LQ [JCO ]LSHOLC GCYQS PC OLLE[HDQ PG[DC LD[ L[DFO
G]LQ [JCO GCYQS PC VC C]WTH]GQ HCLDGH HZOJ D TH]GH ]QDL]Q GSLC MNOG FLWZQ
GD [LNG COH GFZ]S ]LSHOLLC PCG PLZTHWD ]HUFG L] HCDHGH ]QDL]Q G][Y
>]QDL]Q G][YH@ KE GNL[Y RLC HC >]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ G][Y HC CLGH@ RSD[FQ KE GNL[Y
JZT EUZ OCHQ ]LD FFQ UGC UH U
]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ G][Y GSCLQ COH RCQO GOHNL ONH HO ]QDL]Q G][Y GOUDD GSCLQ H]D E
LD[ HOLWCH H]D ][YN ]LC[S GOLWS ]UQ ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ G][Y GLDC PDLD ]DG GSCLQ
CD[ GFHQ ]SCQQ H]D ][YD ]SCQQ ][Y [L]G RSJHL
PLJC LN [DHFQ COC OON HO GZHZI GSLC L[G GLDCO RHCLQ MLL RLC PL[WQ L
LQOH[LD C[ L[DF LWU EL FL[H] CDKL[D CDHQ PGQ FJCD GSCLQH PLWTHS
[LNG PCH ]QDL]Q G][YH ]HUK JZQ GI L[G ]LSHOLC CLG GOUD GD [LNG CO PC ]LSHOLC H]D ][Y
[C RLFN GNL[Y GSLC GYLOJ HOLWCH PDLO G[HTC LTC D[ L[DFO HQYU OU GODLZ HC GD
GHYQ PHZQD CO GH[U ][Y HI L[G PHDL ]D GSLC ]LSHOLC RHLN [DHT ][]HQ CD[OH GH[U]H[Y
L[
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"MHQD ]HQQ PLS HOC C JL
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"GFOL [JCO RCQO GC GOHNL PCG E
[DU]] CQ GSKZ CDKL[H CD[ GSNT PHQ GDHJ MHQD ]HQQ PLS O LDLD D[ LS] C
LGHILCH ]HQLH DOJQ GSD OHQE] CQ GZLSQ OFST G[DHU GU] CQ ][DHUQ ]HQ] CQH
PL[QHC PLQNJH [LCQ LD[ L[DF ]NOHGH GN[FN ]QQ RN OU []LH RNLQ ]HJW DLG G]SD GSKZ
G PLC]W [Q [QCS PHQ HQJ[L PLQG RQH ]NOHGH GN[FN ]QQ HI ]JCH HI ]JC
CHG PHQ [DFD []G RLC P] HSD[OH LQ] ]UD MHQ ]HS]HS PLS O L[WO C
LH FHUH T]JH CZU[ HKZS RNH ][ ]UFD RCN C[H]H TH] PLSDCG OUH PLYUG OU U[I OLKQN
JOZ [NL L[DF FQ UGC FTJ ][H] LWU PLS [CD VC HFFYH ][O VC PLS OD [L]GO PL[DHT
]]JG PHQ GCO [HTLC RLC GC[S GI RWHCDH LQ] [JCO MHQ ]HS]HS [DHFQ COC
GSNT PHQ MHQ R]LO ] H N L [ Y PLS O R]HCH U[I
[JCO MHQ R]LO FOLO ]HLHC[G PLS [CO []HQ P] HSD[ ]UFO HKZS C[H]H TH]G
GL[W OU ]HHYQ RSLC LSWQ U[I ]]JG OU ]H[GIHQ RSLC GS[DU]] CO LFN LQ]
[IS LSDC ]HDH FHUH GC[ RDQ[ PD CU CZU[ ]HD U RNH CDKL[U PLZOHJ LH GLD[H
DN C EJ IDF[G ]HD UUH PLSHC[ [CQ CZU[EG ]HLC[ GJFH GSHC[ GUFN [ZLUO KZS CWKU
PLFHQ ONG ODC MHQ R]LO DHLJG RLSUO COC PLQNJ HZOJS CO >L[ ]UFD VC@ H[LW L
L KO ]HDH]N ZQKL CDKL[ LWU >LQ] PFHZ VCH@ MHQ R]LO PLS O R]HC ]HC[
PL[QHC LH FHUH FL[G ]UF RN RLCH DEN CJ [IULJC ]HD MQ] RNH HYZ] DN C EJ IDF[G ]H
UGC FTJ ][H] IO UGC CHIJ RCN L U RN ]HUO ]HC[ PLS [C HOLWC HI GUF LWO
CU CZU[ ]H UH DN C CJ IDF[G ]H LWU PLZOHJ LH FQ
[DF DLQ LWU PFHZ COH LQ] [JCO MHQG ]S]HS L[ ]UFD [W LQ L MFLCQ
RN H[W CO PLSH[JCGH PLSHC[GH
P] HSD[N HC L[N PC GNOGG ]U[NGD PLZTHWG HZOJSH
ODC PLSQLT GCLDGN CZHF ]NOHGH GN[FN ]QQ GIG RQIG [JCO [LCQ LD[ [QC GQ D
CDKL[H CD[ MHQD QO GNL[YH GO CLG GSNTH CLG GSKZ GCLDG CO
RLFG HKLQG UHKGH PDQ[GH DN C EJ IDF[G ]H L[LCQ FL[ PLQNJN GNOG E
PLFHQ DH[Z GSNT J L ON ODC HOC PLS OD COC PLQNJ HZOJS CO PL[QHC L F
[LCQ LD[O PLQNJ
HZGH CDKL[H CD[ LWU MHQD QO G[HTC GSLC [ZLU ON ][DU]Q GSLC UHFL GSKZ G
LQ] ]UD MHQD VC P]UFO G[HCNO UQQH ]HC[ GIG RQIG PFHZ PE COG ]HC[ L[W OU ILWO
DN C EJ IDF[G ]H LWU PLZOHJ LH GI RWHCD []HQ
KSZ
GOHFE CLG [[DHG L[G PLLJ GFOHH CLGH GFOL PCH CQLLZ O FOH FOLO GOHNL GSLC GSKZ HZLTG D
PLSQLT GCLDG PLOH] HC PLSHC[G DH[ H[LWN C[WT D[ PLSQLT GCLDG COH DLQ G]HJW CLG HOLWC
FLDI D[ GFLOG [UY OOED H[S PLOH] HCYQS CO HOLWCH RNO PFHZQ
GSLFH PLSQLT GCLDG CO PC VC FLOH] ]HLGO OHNL PL]UO FLDI D[ LWO H[W TH]G C
[DFG OU FHQUO [WC LCH RNO PFHZQ PLSQLT GCLDG PLOH] PLQUW DH[D COC GSKZN
]UF VTHL
GSLC PLSD COD GOUD ]Q PCH PLSQLT GCLDG CO CQ C[QHJO PLHJ GI LWOH GZLFD LU
PL[DHT LH JLH PLSQLT ]CDG PFHZ DL [JCO HOLWC RN KZS OCHQ ]LDH L[LCQDH C[DH U ]YOHJ
PLSHC[ GQN ]UFD ELD FHF FL ]HNOG LZTW LWU H[SH PLSQLT GCLDG [DN PLJLSQ COHZO VC
]H[U ]CDG [QHON RQIG [JCON RQIG MH] ][QHCG GKLD MOHG FLDI D[ L[WO D
[WC HD]N PLSHC[ FHUH TH]GH >GNOGO RN PLKZHS HSC RLCH@ RQLT ]DJS DL PFHZ
GFLOG PHQ VLFU RCNH RG CQOUD CQH DL MH] ]H[U GNOGN CQOUD [DHT FLDI D[
[HDLUG ]UQ PLSQLTN PG L[G PLSD C[WT D[O PL[WQ DLGSZ CQ[D CDHG UH[I [HCH TH]G E
L[ ]UFD RHLYO [HC PDQ[G ]UFD KD ]HLC GSQ FLEQ U MOLCH GFLO ]UQ Z[ PL[DHT LH
LJ]WH D SZH TH]U HCO PC PLSQLTN HI GFLO PCG ]Q FOH GFOLN HZOJS RNH L[LCQ UUH
P UGC GDH]
GOHNL GS DL [JC Z[H OON FO] [WC LC DL RDQ ]HJW UQQ KD ]HLC PDQ[D F
GOHNL HL[DFD PL[WQ LH PLSQLTN PG L[G PLSD ]HOFE LSQLT GCLDG CO HOLWCH FOLO
VC HC DL [JCO [DLF C[WT D[ [WO LH DLQ Z[ GOHFEN GSLF RLC COC PFHZ FOLO
RDQ[U RN GNOG RLC ODC RQIG [JCON RQIG MH] PLSQLT ]CDGD PE [DHT COC DL PFHZ
LHSL COD [LW CD[GH L[LCQH RDQ[U ]HQ] CQH [DU]] CQ POHUO COC T[E CO [WCH QQH
GT[LEG
DL [JC@ LCFH GOHFE LGL[G ]FOHLGH C[WT D[N GNOG PCG PLSHC[G HZOJS GNOGO G
GCLDG CO CQ PLHJ C[QHJOH FLDI D[N PLZTHW LH > CLKTZ CQ[ DL PFHZ HOLWC HC
C[H VL[ ]UFD CLZT KTZ JLZT GSZ OCHQ ]LD U GFOL LWUC PLSQLT
PDQ[
C[WT D[ [LWH OCHQ [D GD[ LS]FN GFOL [DN L[G ]SCQQ CG] H]HQJO [WC LC HSLS HS]SQD E
GOHNL [QC GFHGL LD[O HOLWC PLSQLTQ PLWLFU PL[QHC LH ]HOFE LSQLTN PG L[G PLSD LSWQ
RNO PFHZQ PLSQLT GCLDG PLOH] [LW FLDI D[H [WC LC RCN [HJG GD[L FU RCQO
D[O GSKZ CLG L[GH PLSQLT ]CDG PFHZ FO]H [DU]] PL]UOH RN]L TH]GWO OLUO [HQCN
RCQO GO [WC LC MNOG H[SH PLSQLT GCLDG CQ PLHJ FLQ] MC FLDI
GOHNL GFOLH PLSQLT GCLDG CO PCH FO] FU GWL GWL GZFDO ]H[WC L PLFFYQ LH
CD[H RDQ[U HI GUF HJF PLSHC[GH >FLDI D[O@ RCQO
EL VF
G[ZQD PHDL RLF GQ FNH PDLG O H]DO LHS HLJC GLG RNO PFHZQH PHDLO H]C GOWSH HLJC ]Q LQ C KL
"GI
"POHUO ]H[]HQ RGL]H[Y ]H[HQJ ]HL[U RG HOC D
RNO PFHZQ GO LHS GLG HOLWC PDLG ]DH[ZO LHS GLG CO JCG ]]LQ ]UD ON HSLS GSQD C
G[E]S HOLWC G][YH GH[UG HLFJL ]HCHS HLG ON ][JC GUF L POHCH ]QDL]Q G][Y G[EH
HI G]LG RLCHLS RQID RHLNH PHDLO PLOLWQ RLCHLS [DHT GI CS] ]QDL]Q GSLC G][Y NJC GH[UG
POHUO HLJC OU G[TCS DH GH[U ][Y
PLOLWQ RLCHLS [HCQG OUD ]UFOH HS]SQN GNOG
TZ