C[ZTG KHJQ GKQO WSG PFQ KUQ R]L FDODH [N [JC PHZQD JDIQG OU GIGH [DU D
P QJO U PLZOHJ LH GKQO CG] GCIGG ON ML[Y FT L[WO CL KI ZGUQ PDQ[ LWU
PC VC LQF HQHZQN HQHZQD COF OCHQN PLKZHS GQ LWO PL[QHC LH RCN PL[WQDH
P ZQKL U PLZOHJ LH HT TH]U GOLNCD [HTC [DG COC G[N KHJGQ GOUQO R]S
FZG ][GKH R]S ZJ U ]DNUQ ]LQH[F ]LD[UQ R[Z HD]N LH HN GFH] JDI GN ]HC
FT VF
"RFG ]QH[]H G[HSQGH LQLSWG JDIQ RHLF G]YHSH VHUG ]C[HQ ]C PLNLOQ HLG RNLG C IY
"G]YHSD GC[HQG ]C ZH[IO ML[Y GLG ZJ[Q GILCO JDIQG D[UQD VHUG ]OHU ]C ZOQ RGNG D
"JDIQD PLFDHUG O GFL[LGH GLOUG LSHHLN PGQ E
]LD D PLJLSQ HLG HOC ON RFG ]QH[]H G[HSQGH LQLSWG JDIQ RHLF GYHSGH ZWIG VHUG ]C[HQ C
PH[FD DNG OLJ]Q PHZQQ ]HQC [UN HSQQ PLJWK GO ZJ[Q DNG O HJ[IQD PHZQ RFG
PHZQO MHQT UQQ RFG PHZQ OC GQFZ JDIQG OYC [QCS PHQ GI PHZQO PUKG
LHC[ CGL LFN ]HQC [U DNG ]OLJ]Q HGHZJL[ POHCH HLOC GJ[IQ JDIQGQ GFL[LG
CO MNO QLH PLSZ L[ FDC[G H[LW LWU ]LD[UQ ]LQH[F R[ZQ GZL[ID HLOC MLOGO
FLQ]O [WQDH CL GOLUQ TH]U GQC PL[UQ ]HJW GNOG RLC LN JDIQG VHE OC []HL HGHNQT
JN
]C H]ZL[ID RFG PHZQ ]C GC[L RGNG LFN DNG RQ PLJWK GO H]ZJ[G PUKH
U DNG [LJL CO LFN HC LSLTQ GQO CLG GODZ HC DDHTG OU FQHU [CN GC[HQG
K I GDFS W C[ZLH NH]O R[GC RD[Z UUH LCW]DH FLQ]O HH[LWDH P PLSZ FDC[
PHZQ OOHN@ ]HQC COQ []HL GLG JDIQG D[UQD ]LUS GOHUG [CN G]YHSD GC[HQG ]ZL[I ZJ[Q D
L[U CN OU EN DN OU DN O RHTNOCG ]FQN >HQYU Z[HIG
OZ [DFH GYHSH GC[HQQ []HL ]HWHUD OZ MO RLC PLSGN O PJN OHFE GQN GC[H CD RSJHL LD[ [QC@
>GQC PLOQ []HL PZ[HI RGNG PLQUW ZHJ[QO HZ[IO JHS RLC
]NTQ L[ FDC[U P CHG PHZQQ Z[HI UQQ > JLSGH COH@ MLOGH G[H] G[QCH OLCHG C
PLSZ
[CD]Q RN GSHGN LFEDD DHOQ HSLC RGND HC PL[ID G[N RFG ]LDO GC[HQG ]NOG D
INHKZ JSQ L[GH GF KS CQHLD TH]D FJC XH[L]Q
J[IQ RLQLO GSHWH HSLQLD DNG J[IQD GOHU HNH PLQF R]QO HC JDIQG OU [LKZGO GOHUG E
RLQL M[F COC RSLC ]HLSWG ON PH[FD[UQD F[HLH JDIQG ]C VLZQH JDIQG
JDIQG D[UQPH[FD HOC ]HLU J[IQD G]D[ CLGN VHUG]OHU ]HUO HC MHTLSO PLOHUG POHCH
HSLC [DFG PUKH HCD PHZQQ PDZU OU PL[IHJ COC JDIQG ]C PLWLZQ PSLCH D[UQD PLOHU RG
HI DZUO PL[IHJ MNOH RUD ]HQ] CQ VHUG ]OHU HSU]L CQ PLNTS VLZQH RLQLD GOHU
JDIQG RHHLNO PGLSWN PGO RLQL M[F
WZ
DJ PLJDI PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
GLG D[UQD VHUG ]OHU GHUN MNOG DDHTO HN[F ]HOUO D[UQD DN GLG CO L[WO
DN P GLG [QHO HFFY TH]GH JDIQG C[O ]HOUO M[YS
D[UQ PH[FO ULEQNH [LKZQH HFLD RLL COD RLQLD GOHU HGL[G MTSOH [LKZGO JDIQO GOHUG OHFE RGN
P HNTSQH RLL HO PLKLHQ MTSO
"VHUG ]OHU LSLFO VHUG ]CKJ LSLF RLD PLOFDGG PGQ C JY
"RLZOHQ FYLN D
VHUG ]CKJ C
OLFDL COH >FJC RQLT COC M]HJ HSLCH@ GZLOQD VHEG RQ C[G OLFDQ HSLC C
PHZQ OND G[N PL[DHT PLSHC[ PSLH GZLOQO PHZQN JDIQ O HSHLOU DH]NG GD UDZ CO D
HUDYCD DL]N CO PEH LOND UQQF JZOH DL]N COH ]CKJG PFQ GIGH
OSN G[IUD
HQYU VHUGQ GI]G LU GQFQ GIQ E
TH]U ]CKJGQ PF HQN RLWLTHQH RLU[HED H[F WOL PE GIL GQYU ]CKJG VHEQ UQQ ]CKJG [H]L PHQ HC
G C[ZLH R[GC RD[Z RCN
LH ]HJSQ L[ L[U HQYUQ I]LS PFGH JND FL[HQH GOUQH C[DH VHED IJHC GIQ CHGN
NH]O HH[LWDH PLSZ L[ FDC[ U VHEG PFQ ]HIGO [ZLUGH ]DNUQ GSLC C[G ]ILJC PL[QHC
]HNOG LKHZOH DN RLOHJ L[UH PLSZ GI[ LWU Z]S]L CO LFN HQU C[G IJCL CZHFD CLH G
RCN
FHTLO PLYQ]Q HO PLL[LG RH]J] [LZ JDIQG FHTL OC GYQL JDIQ O HSH]J]D GQF R]Q F
WSG PF ON ]HYQO M[HY RLCH [LZG OU GZLJFH LHYLQ LU FHTLG OU PLYQ]Q VHUD PFG L[LL G
I ZGUQ OICG RDC LIL CHIJH G[HC R[Z UH GT TH] LWU C[G ]C GYQQ RLC RNOH
PLSGNO ]S]LS GOHNH GQF COC JDIQO RLC H
R]Q [JCO VC PGQ ]HSGLO [HTC HD GOLUQ PDQ[G D]N VHUG ]CKJ O G]YHSH GC[HQG
H[LWD U PLZOHJ LH FO G[HQ]H GO OLUO [ UUH HL[DF [HZQ OU [WT ]L[ZH QTN UH PLQF
C GOLUQ C]WTH] FHF LFTJ K ]HC GO OLUO ZQK P R[GC RD[ZH KW[ C[ZLH NH]O FDC[G
GOHTW GQO CO I
H]C
b [LKZGH GJDIQG [LKZGH
VHUG ]OHU
HQYUO VHEGH HQYUO C[G G[KZG GQ [LKZGH ZOQH OLFDQH ZOHQ C
RN GZLOQ VC
OLFDQ GC[S PLSHC[ GQNQ HOLCH PLSQLT LS M]HJ RLOHJD CLEHTG LWU [WQ L[
L[QEO VHEGQ C[G
GT [LKZGH ZOQH GZLOQG PHZQO JDIQ O HSHLOU DH]NG UDZ D
KJHT D]N DUT D ]HJSQDH RCN L[ NN JDIQG [LZ OU GYLJOD HGYQQ COC GI]GD PFG ]C GIQ HSLC E
]LD ULEQ PC LCFH ODC LHYLQ OOND GI VC H]SHHN GC[SH PH RCN [UH ZHJ[QO ZSIQ PFGH HL]HUDYC RLD
CHG LHYLQ CLG GCIG CG HGO UEQF JW ROGO H[QC HQNH LHYLQ CHG JDIQG [LZO GKLJG
GT HQF GYQSH [LKZGH ZOQH JDIQ O HSHLOUD GQF R]Q F
CWZ
]UF VTHL
VHEG PF GYLQ JDIQG OU VHEDH C[D WSG PF [QHON HOHN HQF GYQSH HQF ON ]C GYQQ G
GOHTW FDOD C[G PF G[N FDOD
FS OLUO TH]U FHTLG OU PL[LL ]NLW VHUG ]OHUD PC PLSHC[G HZOJS
>RFG ]LDO MLOQ G]YHS PU G]C[HQ FDOQ@ JDIQO OLON GOHU H
GDHJ PO G]OU CO COC G[N GQO CO I
TLSNQ GYLQZO ][I RLD HLOE[ L] UDYCO GQC RLD PLSH]S HLWE HFL VN MH]D VHUG VHE VHUG ]ILJC D
V[HUGH OFHECG LWON RH]J]G FYG OFHECG OUQ RH[EG ]C J]HQ HOFHECO HUDYC RLD VHUG [CHY ]C
PHZQ PLWECG FYO GKQO V[HUG OHQ C[G GDHE CHG V[HU G L[W HW[U OHQQ ZOHQH GOUQOQ
V[HUG ]C GCH[G
PDJH[ OU JH]Q H[CHY XHJ LWON HW[U MN FLG LWON VHUG LSW HFL DE OU RH]S VHUG CS] C]LS]QD
ZOHQH GQCH UDYC HL]HUDYC L] O LQLSWG
][JCG FLD HC VHUG ]C GD WH] CHG FLG G]HCD ]LUS GZLOQG PCG PL[WQG HZOJS
GT VF
GJDIQG [LKZGH HC[ ]C ZOQH JDIQG OC RGNG HDL[ZGH VHUG ]OHU LDE DH]NG RQ H[F ]HNOG HOC KY
"GJDIQG RGNG H]C
b [LKZGH OLFDL CO HLWSND H]C
b UTH JDIQG [LZ OU HQF GYQSH
]UFG OU GOHU GLG RN ]HFL[W L] CLDGO DLLJ HSLC VHU DFS]QG ]JC GFL[W HOLWC HDL[ZGH
GSHLG LSD RQ HC PL[]G RQ DL[ZGH DL]NFQ
[ID G[NG PLJDI ]KLJO GHS CO RGN HO UHDZO RGNG
OHTW [I FQOO [W CDLZU LD[H GKLJDN LOND COH RGN O HQYUD GZLOQ CG] ZOQH RGNG
L[U RGN O HQYU ML[Y FQOO CD LCFH COC JDIQO D[Z HSLC [I L[G ML[Y RLC
VHEGH HQYUO C[G G[KZG GQ H[F RNH P GZLOQ VC JDIQG C[D G[KZG GQ [LKZGH ZOQH
VC >GJDIQG RGNG H]C
b [LKZGH H]C
b UTH GJDIQG [LKZGH HC[ ]C ZOQH [QCS@ HQYUO
VHEG RQ C[G OLFDQ GZLOQ
RGN O HQYUDH V[HUG OHQ ]LUS GZLOQG VHUG ]CKJQ GH G[IEO ZOQH H[F FHUH
L[ HQFQ DL]N COF HOHN HQF GYQSH
ONLGG [LZ OU COH DNG [LZ OU COH JDIQG [LZ OU
[JCO VHEG LHYLQD [QC] PC PLUQG [FTN CO G[KZGG [JCO LHYLQ D]N GYQSH [LKZGH ZOQH
HO MHQTD LHYLQ VC JDIQG C[D G[KZG GQ FQOO L[ HOHN HQF PLLZ]Q RLC L[G C[G ][KZG
RHLOUG [LZD
"JDIQG OU GQF R]LS RNLGH FYLN VHUG ]OHU C Z
"FYLN G]YSD H]C[Q ]C [LTGH D
"FYLN VHUG ]OHU UHTL E
PLDNUQ PSLC HOCH PLDNUQ PGQ HOC "FYLN VHUG ]OHU ]LLUD PLUQG [FT F
DWZ