VHEG PF GYLQ JDIQG OU VHEDH C[D WSG PF [QHON HOHN HQF GYQSH HQF ON ]C GYQQ G
GOHTW FDOD C[G PF G[N FDOD
FS OLUO TH]U FHTLG OU PL[LL ]NLW VHUG ]OHUD PC PLSHC[G HZOJS
>RFG ]LDO MLOQ G]YHS PU G]C[HQ FDOQ@ JDIQO OLON GOHU H
GDHJ PO G]OU CO COC G[N GQO CO I
TLSNQ GYLQZO ][I RLD HLOE[ L] UDYCO GQC RLD PLSH]S HLWE HFL VN MH]D VHUG VHE VHUG ]ILJC D
V[HUGH OFHECG LWON RH]J]G FYG OFHECG OUQ RH[EG ]C J]HQ HOFHECO HUDYC RLD VHUG [CHY ]C
PHZQ PLWECG FYO GKQO V[HUG OHQ C[G GDHE CHG V[HU G L[W HW[U OHQQ ZOHQH GOUQOQ
V[HUG ]C GCH[G
PDJH[ OU JH]Q H[CHY XHJ LWON HW[U MN FLG LWON VHUG LSW HFL DE OU RH]S VHUG CS] C]LS]QD
ZOHQH GQCH UDYC HL]HUDYC L] O LQLSWG
][JCG FLD HC VHUG ]C GD WH] CHG FLG G]HCD ]LUS GZLOQG PCG PL[WQG HZOJS
GT VF
GJDIQG [LKZGH HC[ ]C ZOQH JDIQG OC RGNG HDL[ZGH VHUG ]OHU LDE DH]NG RQ H[F ]HNOG HOC KY
"GJDIQG RGNG H]C
b [LKZGH OLFDL CO HLWSND H]C
b UTH JDIQG [LZ OU HQF GYQSH
]UFG OU GOHU GLG RN ]HFL[W L] CLDGO DLLJ HSLC VHU DFS]QG ]JC GFL[W HOLWC HDL[ZGH
GSHLG LSD RQ HC PL[]G RQ DL[ZGH DL]NFQ
[ID G[NG PLJDI ]KLJO GHS CO RGN HO UHDZO RGNG
OHTW [I FQOO [W CDLZU LD[H GKLJDN LOND COH RGN O HQYUD GZLOQ CG] ZOQH RGNG
L[U RGN O HQYU ML[Y FQOO CD LCFH COC JDIQO D[Z HSLC [I L[G ML[Y RLC
VHEGH HQYUO C[G G[KZG GQ H[F RNH P GZLOQ VC JDIQG C[D G[KZG GQ [LKZGH ZOQH
VC >GJDIQG RGNG H]C
b [LKZGH H]C
b UTH GJDIQG [LKZGH HC[ ]C ZOQH [QCS@ HQYUO
VHEG RQ C[G OLFDQ GZLOQ
RGN O HQYUDH V[HUG OHQ ]LUS GZLOQG VHUG ]CKJQ GH G[IEO ZOQH H[F FHUH
L[ HQFQ DL]N COF HOHN HQF GYQSH
ONLGG [LZ OU COH DNG [LZ OU COH JDIQG [LZ OU
[JCO VHEG LHYLQD [QC] PC PLUQG [FTN CO G[KZGG [JCO LHYLQ D]N GYQSH [LKZGH ZOQH
HO MHQTD LHYLQ VC JDIQG C[D G[KZG GQ FQOO L[ HOHN HQF PLLZ]Q RLC L[G C[G ][KZG
RHLOUG [LZD
"JDIQG OU GQF R]LS RNLGH FYLN VHUG ]OHU C Z
"FYLN G]YSD H]C[Q ]C [LTGH D
"FYLN VHUG ]OHU UHTL E
PLDNUQ PSLC HOCH PLDNUQ PGQ HOC "FYLN VHUG ]OHU ]LLUD PLUQG [FT F
DWZ
DJ PLJDI PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
PFG ON KJTS FU HC[D RNH VHUG VHED XJHO JDIQG [LZD LHYLQ LFL OU GQF R]Q VHUG ]OHU C
LD[OH GOUQOH >HUYQCD JDIQG ]C VLZQG@ C[ZTG KHJQ [N CQZ CS] L[DFO RHLOUG [LZD HQHZQH
H[WH DDHTO KHJG RLD GQCD COH GOUQOH DDHTG RQ COC [N HSLC DZUL RD [IULOC LD[H GLQJS
G[KZG PHZQO MHQT HSLC HL]J] PF R]HS PC MNOG DDHTG OU [LKZGO [N RLC P]KLO CD[H LLDC
CHG G[KZG PHZQ MNOG [LKZGOH DDHT LDE OU GN[UQ ]HUO [WC Z]O HOLCH
LH NH ZGUQ PDQ[ LWU ]HNOG LKHZO JDIQ O HC[DN DDHTG OU G[N G[KZG GNOGO
JN ENKL CHIJU FDULFD G[N G[KZGG ONG L[DFO D]N LQ
RDZ[HZG ]C GQU OKHS [QHC RSJ RD LTHL CDC GFESN [HUGH GYHSG PU ZWIG GC[HQG ]C [LTQ D
OKHSH GDH[C RLQN RLNTD G[FHZ OCUQL [ LDF CS] L[ THCQ [DFH [W RHO G]YHS [WQ
L[ []HL COH ZWIG FESN [HUG ]CH GYHSG ]C ]C OKHS [QHON
HCO PC ]HYHSG ][TGD HC RDZ[HZG ][TGD CSLFO ]ZHOJQ RCN L PCG PLSHC[ HZOJS
PDQ[ LWU RDZ[HZG PLLUQG LSD ]C PEH GYHSG PE [LTQ RL]LS]Q P]TN GNOG RWHC ONDH
GFH] JDI CNH ]HSD[ZG GUQ
[LNIG CO PDQ[G POHCH RLNTD [HFZO L[ LDF CS]O GFHQ Z] PE GC[S D]N PC[G
GFH] JDI RLNTD G[LFZ
[N GYHSGH GC[HQG ]C [LTG CO
C[ZLH PLSGN ][H] GC[HQG GSQQ PL[LTQ RLC GOTWS VHUG ]OHU
[N OLFDG PCH OLFDQ HSLCH HLWEC LS RLD HLFLD VHUG VHE UTQ E
EGD PC[ ]HWUH]D U KL PLC[LG LWU MN OU GZHOH [HTC HD]N PLSHC[GQ L
DH]NG H[LWH [DFD [HTLC RLC UQQ J [ ]HHYQG [WT DNH ]HSD[ZG GUQ PDQ[GQH
OLFDGO ML[Y RLC
GD[ CLGNH@ ]LJ[IQ ]LQH[F R[ZO HO CD DDHTO HSLQLO GSHWH DNO GOHU VHUG ]OHU ]LLU [FT F
OLFDQH GW[U OHQ GC[ ]C ZOHQ >JDIQG ]WZG COO ]LD[UQ ]LQH[F R[ZO GOLJ]NOQ HO CD J[IQD
LDE OU HZ[HIH JOQD HEWHT JDIQO H]ZLOQ ]LD MLQTQH C[G ]C OKHS JDIQG [LZ OU GQF GYQQ
]LDO HQHZQQ GZL[ID PNLOQH PQU PLCYHLG PLLUQG LSDH G]YHSH GC[HQG [LTQ VHEO HO CD PLCG
PLCG LDE OU HZ[HIH JOQD HEWHT OLFDQ HSLCH HUTQ RFG
L[WO D[UQD GUH J[IQD GD[ GLGN MC@ DDHTG OU RGNG FQHUN ]LUS GZLOQG
]C OKHS ZOQ [JCO GC[SH >PLZOHJ TH]GH DDHTG OU COH JDIQG C[D ZOHQ FT
RKZ DN DDHTO GLG TH]GO PH[FD[UQQ F[HLH DDHTG OU JDIQG ]C VLZQH C[G
DDHTG RQ ZH[IO ]H[L M[F RLC GN[UQG OU C[G Z[HIH OHFEG DNG OU GOHUH D[UQD
OC HO CDH DDHTG OU GOHUH [IHJH F[HLH JDIQG VLZQ DHH >JOQ P GLG CO UQQ RNH@
[LKZGH DNG OU GOUH ]LQH[F ]LD[UQD F[LH DDHTG ON VLZGO [IJH UTH [LTGH VHEG
GOUH HDZU M[F F[LH C[G ]C OKS OCQD DDHTO DN GLG CO L[WOH@ F[LO VLZGH
IIL CHIJ LWU > HNH [LKZGO DNG OU
EWZ
]UF VTHL
GSL GZLOQD OLFDG CO HC GKQO ZOQ RHEN OTW PFG ]HFHDU LSWO PLUSG PL[DFD GSL
JOQD VHUG VHE EWT CO HC GC[HQG [LTG CO RHEN OTW CO PFG LHYLQ [JCO PLUSG PL[DFD
C(G GOU
b OHTW VHEG PF GYLQ COH C[G PF GYLQ [N C[G PF GYLQ COH VHEG PF GYLQ
LHYLQ KUQOH HD PLCYQS PLQF DH[ VHEG LHYLQ [LNGO [D]TQH KUQO UQQH [LNGO UQQ
C[G
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"HCO PC DNUQ CHG PCG VHUG ]CKJ LHYLQ D
"GZLOQG GUQD PLSQLTGH [DG ]Z[WQGH G[FG MH]LJ UYD]Q FYLN E
]HUFH [LNQ RHUQ LD[D [IUOC LD[N COF GI H[QCH HS]SQ GQ]T RN OTW ]CKJD OLFDG C
P]ZHOJQ [WO PLC[HQCG LU H[QCS ]HSH
OLFDGN L[G DNUQ CHG PC VHUG ]CKJD DNUQ LHYLQG PCG GOCD GLHO] P]ZHOJQ CFTJ D[
[JCO HQF ]C GYQL CO DNUQ HSLC PC ODC OHTW MNOG GOHUG GUQO L[QEO GQHF GUS GYQQ PEH
GOHU GUQ RCN RLCH GOFDG
CHIJ ]QC ]W LWU PLZOHJ LH G[HC R[Z UHNO OHTW GYLQH OLFDG PC PL[QHC L
LIL
]OTHW CLG PC HCO PC ]OTHW VHUG ]OHUD RQLTO RQLT RLD GLG
t PCG GOCD GLHO] P]ZHOJQ CD[
GOHU GUQ RCN RLC DHH >ROGOFN [DG MH]LJ PHQ@ PL]SLD GG LCFH VHUG ]CKJD OLFDGN L[G
G[HC R[Z UHNO OHTW RQLTO RQLT RLD [DG MH]LJD GG CO PCH OHTW CSHHE LCG LN GOHUD L[G
GLG
t RLF PDQ[G ]KQG OU HFQU QDH UH
COO OLFDQN L[G DNUQ HSLC PC HCO PC DNUQ VHUG ]CKJD [D DH[ MH]LJ PCG P]ZHOJQ LLDC
OTWH GOHU GUQ GU [DG MH]LJD GLG
t
GOLO HC G[GIC HI PC G[H] G[QC OLFDL CO [HCDD P]ZHOJQ UHQ RD C[ PHQ GLQ[L LD[
OLFDGO ML[Y RLC [QHO CQOUD
GCIGG [JCO OLFDGD P]ZHOJQ PLSHC[G PL[DTGG LWO H[W TH]GH L[ [W RN C
HSD[OH RLSU OND [N [DC[O RH[JCG [DTGG LWO POHCH UHNO OHTW RNO PFHZ ODC
GL[JCO GCIG PFHZ RLD ZHOLJ L RH[JCG [DTGG LWO VC P]
C[G L[QEO OLFDG UQQ PDQ[DH PLSQLT LS M]J [W L[ RCN G[HQCG GOFDGG D
VHEG RQ
GCIG [JCO OLFDG HOLWCH HI ZGUQ PDQ[ RL]LS]Q P]TN OTW OLFDG PC PLQNJN GNOG E
FNZ MHSLJ ]JSQ >DNUQ LHYLQ PDQ[G ZTW GQ LWO@ LHYLQG PFHZ
P PDQ[ GZHO >JSQ G[N@ VHUG ]CKJD OLFDQGH
HQHZQD CO GYLQ HC GYLQ CON GSLQ CZWSH@
PLC[HQCH PLCS] ]ZHOJQ DNUQ CHG PCG VHUG ]CKJ LHYLQ D
L[DH KJ GOLUQ DS OLUOFN LHYLQG [JCO Z[ HC GCIGG ]UQ PC GOLUQ GD RLC L]QLCQ QWS RNH OHTW ]DJQD HC
> TH]H
DNUQ LHYLQG II ZGUQ GEL QGHTW PDQ[G ZTW
FWZ
DJ PLJDI PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
GZLOQG GUQD [CHYG MH]LJ E
M]HJNH G]QN [DN LGL[G MH]JL PC [D DH[ MH]LJ COO ]Z[WQH G[F M]HJ VHUG ]CKJD
ULEG GSZO HC KHHO HS[WYD ULEQ FU L[ LSLTQ GQO GNOG PLSQLTH LJ VHU RCN RLC PLSQLTG
HQU [D DH[H HDH[ HC FJC RQLT M]HJ
]Z[WQH G[F MH]LJ GC[SH HCO PC DNUQ [D DH[ MH]LJ PCG ]HUFG HZOJS [HQCN
LIL CHIJ UHNO DNUQ
]ZHOJQ PLL]SLD GG OHTW GOHUD FJC RQLT Z[ M]J PLS DH[ HC PLSQLT LS M]HJ GOHUDH
OLUOFN
HT VF LULD Z[W
"]HOLDS ]CQHK RLSUO HOOG PLOHTWG RLF GQ "VHUG ]CKJDH VHUG ]OHU ]FHDUD PLOTHW PLLHSL LEHT HOC C DZ
"VHUG RD[ZD GOLUQ RLF RLC PLSWHC HOCD D
]FHDUD HC GZLOQD PHZQ LHSLH GDJQ LHSL GUQ LHSL VHUG RD[ZD PLOTHWG PLLHSLG LEHT C
PFG
RQLTO RQLT RLD GGN RLFG CHG ]JC GUFOH@ FDOD FJC RQLT M]JH GZOQ VHUG ]OHU GUQD
OTW CO VHUG ]CKJD OLFDQG RHUQ [D [IUOC [ L[DFOH OLFDG VHUG ]CKJH OLFDG COH >OSN
TH]U GCIGG PFHZ OLFDG PC [DC[ GFHQ CLH
Z[ UQQ HI ZGUQ PDQ[GOH PLSQLTG LS MH]LJ HSLLG OLFDG CN RLOHJDH RCN L[WO
FNZ MHSLJG [WT QTND CDHQ IN RLHCO EQTD GNH OTW VHEGQ C[G L[QEO OLFDG PC
GOHTW GILG COH GQF GYLQ VHUG ]CKJ GOHTW GYLQ COH GQF GILG VHUG ]OHU PFG R]QD RNH
OTW CO TH]G HFFY GYLQ NJCH GILG VHUG ]OHU C
ZTWH OSN DNUQ LHYLQG PCG PLC[HQCH PLCS] ]ZHOJQ GYLQ COH GQF GILG VHUG ]CKJ D
ROGOFNH DNUQ PDQ[G
GOHUDH GOHTW GQO CO >DNUQ LHYLQ FQO GYLQH@ GQF GILG HC GZOQ VHUG ]CKJ GDJQD
RGL]D ]OTHW HQHZQO HSQIO XHJ ]DJQ GDHJO PLOUDO G]OU CO COC G[N
LWUCH OTW HQHZQO HC HSQIO XHJ C[G PF ]HYQO GCIGD HC GZLOQD DLJ PC PE C
]UD DLJ ODC PLL[L ]NLW ]HFHC OHELW ]DJQ RLFNH DNUQ HSLC C[G PF LHYLQ
]HOTHW RSLC GYHSH GC[HQ ]HFHC OHELW ]HDJQ OTW CO OHELW ]DJQ C[G LHYLQ
HFQZ MHSLJ ]JSQ G[KZGOH GOLNCO ]HLHC[ RSLC RHLN
RGQ ]JCD OELW PC DNUQ LHYLQ PLKZHS HSC GQ LWO LHYLQH GCIG GD L VHUG ]CKJD D
HFQZ JSQ LWU DQ OLUOFNH [L]Q LYJD OHELWN HSLF GC[S
HQ OLUO [CD]S LWN PQO JDIS JDIG PL[DF G DJO ML[Y VHUG RD[Z ]ZLOQD GC[S E
JNIKZ JSQ LWU
GOHTW IN FHF FZQ QJO U JLH KI PDQ[ LWU GKQO COH GOUQO GQF R]S VHUG ]CKJ PHZQD
GKQO GQF R]S HC GZOQ VHUG ]OHU OSN G[IUG OND CLH JDIQD PHZQ OND G[N G]ZLOQ ODC
GOHTW
GWZ