UHKD GNH KLIKHK DHTLC DF ]HOJS PDQ[G ]UF RNH JNZ GQ[ RDQ[H TH]U RWHC OND RQCS [CHDQ
POHCH GLOC MLL HSLC LQ [QHO H[HFLT OOND GI PE L[GH H]JWQ ]C [FTO G[H] H]SLQCG PHQ [DFG PUKH DKU[
[WC GC[S CTLE MFLCO RNH@ CHG LSD [QHO OON RLSUG MH]D GLG CO LQ OU RQCS CGL MNQ J[NG RLC HI GUFO HOLWC
LZHQSDH > FOZ HL]HWTH]DH OLUO RLHYQD U FL[G ]KLD GC[S RNH HSD HSLC [QHO RQCS RLCH HSD CHG [QHO RQCS
CHG [JC OU [QHO NCQ HSDO JN]Q PFC RLC GZIJ LN RQCS HSD HSLC [QHO PLSHFLSG RLD ZOJO PUK D]N FOZ VTHL
UQTG L[DF MH]Q ZOJO GC[S RNH FLD ]HOJS JQ [HC UH HSD CHG [QHC MNOH HOLJSGO XWJ HDGHC MH]Q CQ HSD
LSLC [QHO RQCS D P UHD [CHDQ CTLE MFLCQH MWGG ZIJHG PHZQD LSD GI [QHO RQCS DCG PCG ZW]TQ CKU[
GZIJ FESN HOLWC GH[L RLSUO LSD
HC[ RLFLUQ PLFUD HCO RLZIJHQ HLG D]N GQQ HSD HSLC [QHO RQCS RLC PD[G L[DFQ ZLLFO L G[HCNOH
HSLC OHFEG HSUFL COLQQH L[HND LSD GI [LUYG OU [QHO RQCS CGL CO UHFQH RQCS DCG RLC RN PCF HLJCO PFHZ FOHS
JNZ FL[H]D GC[S RNH GI [DFD G[H] H]SLQCG CO PD[G ]UFO UQQ COC >GI PUKQ ZOHJ RDQ[G RNCH@ HSD
PD[G ]UFD RLDG
FFY CD[GH HL[DF HJNHG L[GH [JC RQI PL[QHC PLFUGH PLHTQ RQID FOHS [QHC DCGN HL[DF FLQUGOH ]HJFO L MC
RWHCD FLQUG CO MNQH@ GSHC[ CYL LQ DCGH PLFUG HZOJSH IN GFS U FJC DCO HFOHS LCFH PLQHC]D HL[DF [WO
GL[HDLF RSLEOWF G[HND RLSUO RQCS DCG GI RWHCD VC CD[GO HO KHW GC[S GFLOG ML[C] ]HFHC HZOJS OSG
L[DFO []HT PC GC[S L[LCQG L[DF MH]Q POHCH PFHZ FOHS LQ [QHC GQD HSLQCGO COH [HNDG GI [QHC GQD HSLQCGO
OD[GQH PF[GQ GID HZOJS FLD ]HOJS MOQO GSQD [H PLOKD HL[DFH PGLFL OU JNHG L[G H[LWD PLFUG
>CEN CN FJ UGC GQ ]H[EC GUZ C FJ IDF[G ]HD UUH
FOZ ROGO CDHQD UUH
COG [JC COC CGL CO RQCS HSLC UHFQ PHZQ ONQ [QC] PCH GCQ [YQ CFDU GLO H[CZF
CO PC HSD OU DCG ]HSQCSO C[Z ML[Y RLC MNO OLUO H[QC HQNH@ GS]Q HO R]HS GLG GY[ HOLC
GI [QHCNH GOKDO HL[DF CLYHQ PFC RLC PHQ [QHO LH ">TTHE CHGN HO HOWS PLTNS LWON
[LDUGO PFC FLD RLC COGH LSD PU [LL CO [QHCN LFDU [QHCNH RDN [LL LSHOW [QHCN LSD
L[G LSD [QCH [IJH [HQE FDUD HGHZLIJGH LFDU [QCN MNOG GH[L RHOD [JC PFCO HSDQ GOJS
D]N CDKL[GH L[] GDH]DH HLHFJD CD[ LWU PHON HL[DFD RLC LS[LL LSHOW [I PFC OU [QHCN GI
OSN PQUK [WCH EYZ GDH]D DL[G NNH LHQSG JLNHG RNH HELQ PHD H]CFHG [H]TO RQCS PFC RLC [HYLZD
GI [DF OU RQCS HSLC GOKDO HLG PLQFHZG HL[DF H[LWD [QCL PC HOLWC GC[SH GOKDO HL[DF CLYHQ HSLC PHQ
GOKDO HL[DF CLYHG CO LFGT RSC FES HELQN LHGF HELQD
J N Z VF
RHLN EL GQ[D QNH PD[ L[DFD [CHDQ HD [HIJO OHNL HSLC UDSH OHKH UDG MSHY[
RLF OUD ]CFHG LGHI G[HCNO UQQH GLO LFHCF RCQNH GUHDD HSLQCG COG GUHD HLOU OLKG
DWZ ZL[GQ U FD ]SZ]N [DFG DJS RLF ]LD LSWD ]CI ODLZ PHQ [JC PUK PL[WQ LH@ UDL LCS]D
PLFHQ ONGH [IHJ HSLCH RLSZN ]DJS GCFHG PLFHQ ONG PL[DFG L[D FIL RL[FGST CHIJ UH CD[G ]DH]Q
KS
]UF VTHL
[QC C[DE CHGGD JN PL[FSD HSLYQ RNH >[QHCG ]SHHND RCN HZOJS COC FD ]SZ]N LHG FD LSWD GUSG [DF
RLFQ OLUHQ P R[D [CHDQH L[DJ OU LO L L]HLHNI HOKDLL LSHOW PHZQO PHL O FU ULEC CO PC
RLF OUD ]CFHG
GD GFHQ ]QLHTQG ]HCLYQG COG RLF OUD ]CFHGD LCS] MLL FYLN P PL[G LHFJD GZGH
[H[LD [FED LGL[G RLF OUD ]CFHG GJSGG OU ]TTHDQ CLHZG PSQCH "LCS]D ]FQHUH GLHO] GSLC
GSLG GCFHG P ]HYZD ]CDHQG DO RD L[GQ ]KLO ODC FO RJG]HYZG ]KLNH GUQG OU
H]HDLLJ]GD LCS] OLUHQ [LW ]DLLJQ CLG GI FYQH ]HDLLJ]G [FED
L ]HSQCSG JN HC RLFG JN ]C PLHTQ PFCO [THQ RLFG OUD JN LHWLN HI GODZ RLSU [CD LQ LH
G[H]GH HQYU ]DHJO PFCG O KWQ ]YL[J RLF OUD ]CFHG [FE HI@ H]DHJO HQYU OU HO
LCS]D GCFHG RLSUD FHU GC[H EQ E QDD CDHQD FUD ]CFHG L[FED UU U GZ LL ]LD LWU >MNO H]SLQCG
KQZ ROGO
OHNL LWUC UZ[Z KZS C]HD[O OHTW CQ]TSH CQ]TS CO FU UZ[Z ]HFUD HO UFHL GLG
GSHL HSD[ GQ[ FL LWU RLHNO OHNL RLCH PL[YLQ PGO RLC RLOKOKQ ]HFUD RN ONH GL[YLQ RLHNO
KNZ TH] CDKL[
M[HCG ]FQ PHQ PC CO CNTS ODC HDJ[ ]FQH HN[C ]FQ RLHNQF [WC CQLOE HOLWC
CQHTG RLC CNTSG OZQ ]FQ CTLE MFLCO HC CNTSG OZQ ]FQQ []HL ZGDHQ RQLT GHGQ DJH[GH
RQLT MN ON RLHNO OHNL HSLC UHFL [DFG RQCS HSLC CLG LSHOW O [QHCN MNOG GSHHNO OHNL
OZQFQ GF EN QD TH] RCN GSHL HSD[ UUH RDQ[ LWU GQLOEO DJH[H M[HC ]FQQ []HL CHG ZGDHQ
GLW OU RHQQ CLYHGO ]HSHQQ LSLFD GOLUHQ OZQ HC DJH[H M[HC ]FQ OU ]HFU G[HCNO UQQ
L LON HC[ PLFLUQ PLFUGH HO CHG HFLD LON OU H[DJ ]C UDH] RHENH GFLDCD CZHF HCOH
PLSC RLC PLUSYHQ PLOND WNU@ UDH]O PLS]HSH HSQQ PLCLYHQ UDH]G O HFLD GI RQLT HD
GQLOED RCN FLQUGO ML[Y PGL[DFOH KU RLOHJD TH]G ]UF RN RLC POHCH >GSHL HSD[ U P]HC PLCH[
PLSQLT PLOLUHQ LCFH GFLDC ]HFUD L[GH HFDC CNTSH
PLSHC[G PLOUD ]ZIJD ]FQHU LWUC GD TWH] PFC RLC RHLN [QHO L UZ[Z ]HFUDH
IS DJ ZJYL L[W ]HDH UU KS[ RJG ]HYZ LWU CQZ C[Q ]ZIJQ CLYHGO PLSQLT GD PLOLUHQ
RLC L[G ]HOHDEG ]FQ LSQLT PLOLUHQ LCFH GID COG HJL[NG GQ L]SDG CO LSC UZ[Z ]HFU FJO M[YHG GQ
CQOUD RQLT COH G[HQE ]HFU HI L[G UZ[ZG ]FQ FLUQNH PD[ NHQN HOHDEH HJK OU COC TNSG LHGLI O RHFLS RCN
L COG MN OU GQ] PLZGDHQ PLSQLT LW OU RHQQ PLCLYHQ RCNQ JLNHGO D]N [JCO GSHL HSD[H
H[DJ LON UD]L NJCH RQLT H]HCD HLON ]C RQTLH RQLT PU H[DJ FLD LON PFC GC[L ]HCQ[O HJO
PLFLUQ UDH]G LFU RQIG PFHZQ LON H]HC H[DJ FLD HC[ COH@ HLOND GI RQLT HC[ PLFU CLDL LU
G[NG LWU@ RHUQ FLD RDHC[ ]QLOE GC[ JZW HFHUD FLUQ RHEN RCN [DHFQ ]HJFO D]NH >HLOU
HLNU R]HS CQ]TS FUGH CLG LO LFLD HIH MO L][IJG G]U RUHK RHUQH >PLSQLTD COH QQ
MNOG RHUQ FLD ]CYQSG GQLOEG ]FQ CLG MN PLCH[ HSCH GQLOE G]HC O DJH[H M[HC ]FQ
]SHHNQ GI O GQLOE CG] RQFIQ RLC G[LIJG COH HFLD G]LG RDHC[ ]QLOE CLG ]CI LCFH PL[QHC
GI O GQLOEN DJH[H M[HCD
T
JNZ VF C[]D CDD
PLSQLTG OU PLNQHT RLC PHQ COC VHEG OHTW CQHTG RLC RLKEF DWD R[GH RDQ[G L[DFO P RJG ]HYZD UUH
RHQQ CLYHGO
ML[Y [W PD[ [N ]H[ND HWHTH H]OJ] OHTW ]HOTWD HWHT HC H]OJ] ON
P HLOU GLG COH GLC[ ]UD [DF OUD [FED GLG HOLWC GI LWOH H]LLC[ ]UD FLUGO LHC[ ]HLGO
[DNH GLC[G ]UD ]HFUO LHC[ GLG CO PLSW ON OU > OHTW FU P HLOU OJ CO COLQQH@ OON FU
H]U[NGH GF@ EL ZJYL [NI UUH EQ OLUOH RCN PL[HU XDHZ LWU EQ OLUO CDHQD UH PLSHC[G [DFD HZOJS
KL >GLSG
CHG VHEG OHTW POLC PCG HZOJS ` GO LT ZJYL [NI [WTD U [J]SH JZLW D PD[D PLH[LWG LS [HCDD
LHFJ KNZ UGC [IS LSDC ]HD UUH ^RJG ]HYZH EYZT HQ MG ]ZHOJQ CLGH HCO PC OHTW [KD P]J HOLWCH
GJQ [LCQ [
CLUDQ [LL COH [LL RQCS HSLCH RQCS LCG CD[ GO VLZ]Q [QCZ LNG LLDC [QC
RLHYQD GC[ RHOG ZHFZFQ LLDC OU ]HZGO PLD[ ]HQHZQD CD[ O HN[F RN CD[ [QC COC "GLO
DU
J GKHTD
PLSHC[GQ GQN ]UFO INZ OLUO RLLHYQG LWN CHG [HND PLSDG RLD ZHSL] OU [QHCG [QCZ LNG
COC HLSD PSLC HSQQ PLOHFEG HLJC PLUQH HSC COLQQH H[HND HSD CHG RKZ RD OU [QHO PFC RQCS
RLD >QQ@ ZHSL] HKZS RDHQ GI LWOH DCO G[H] HO GS]S ]HSQCS OOND CHG GI PEH [JC LCQ
GQ[G D]N RNH >HSQQ PLOHFEG@ PLSDG
FWD H[QC HQN GLW OU PLOZHT G[HQE GZIJ CLGH OLCHG PGLDC OYC PLSDN [DNQ HOYC PLOFE POHN HLG PC GC[SH
RNH@ RN GC[S RLC HC[EO PLSLSU XDHZ DH CN FJ UGC GQ ]H[EC ]HD G[HG RN G[]TO RQCS DCG RLC RLHFZF
DYH >FNZT IU[ UQTG ]SHHN ]HKW G[HCNO
[QHO RQCS DCG RLC GY GDH]D NNH FL ]HDH]NDH RLHFZ VHTDH RCN HLZTWDH HL]HWTH]D FL[G ]UFO POHCH
]QCD G]U FU HGHSZIJG MNH HLJCQ []HL [LUY GC[S FJC OU [QHC RCN GSHHNGH LSD HSLC GI
PLSKZG PGH OLED OHFEG CHG
G]DH]N GFDC CO RO UQQZ PLSDG RQ FJCN ]OKHS PLSDG RQ FJCN L]C OHK] [QHCG
RLD V]H GCU RHLN RQJS D[ [QC HLTNS ZOJQD Z[H@ GDH]NG FDOQ H]OKHS COC ZOJG H]HCD
>OI L[ ]UF GI RLCH PLLT CDKL[GH CD GO ]HD[GOH ZOJQ HSLC GI ODC G]DH]N GFDC PLSDG
FJCN [QC PEG@ OHKL] RHO [QCN PHON [QC CO ][HL GCU PC LW OU VC HSULQQ FHUH
CDKL[D UUH CD[D CDHQ FDC[ LWU GS]Q RHO HI L[G > PLSDG RQ
PLFUGH GYJQ L]U[W [QHC GHOH PHON L]U[WS CO [QHC GHOQ H[LDJ OU DHJ [K CLYHQG
L[DF OU MQHT G]C PC MWS GQ [QC] PCH GYJQ GDHEH UDS GI L[G HOHN U[W RLFLUQ
HSLC U[W ]YZQG OU PLFU HQU LH ]YZQD GFHQG COG GYJQG OU UDGO ML[Y UHFQ PLFUG
CT
]UF VTHL
E QD GQIGH GJNGD GSLC PFC O HLW ]CFHG DLLJ LCFH GFHQ LYJG PSQCH@ GUHD ML[Y
PLJNQ CHG LSWQ PLFUG OU MQHT MSLC PCH ">PLFUG ]HFU OLUH] L]U[W RUHK ZOJG OU ODC
HSLSWO L COGH ]YZQD U[W GUHDD RQCS CHG UHFQ RN PC DLLJ]GOH PLJNGO HQYU LDEO RQCSH
"H]ZIJD [K
[WO RN]LH PLFUO ][HWQ GJNG RLC > []HL COH [QHC COO@ GYJQ L]U[W ][LQCD [QHO LH
]LYJQG ]U[W ][JC PUW MQQ []HL PL[NHI HSC PL[QHC PLFUGH [NHI LSC RCN FU [QHCN HL[DF
RLCH GJNG ]DJS HQYU LDEO MNOG GJNG GSLC [QHO LH CLG GJNG [QHO LH OLCHGH ][JCG
R[H CDKL[ CD[D CDHQ FDC[ LWU CQOUF ]YZQD GFHQN RHFLS CHG MNOH PLFUG OU MHQTO
]YZQD U[W H]UHD GOLUHQ PGLOU MHQTO RLCH PG [Z LFU HL[DF LWO LWUC X[L] GQ[GH
PLFUG L[DFN ONG L]U[W [QHO OHNL GLG L[G HELQ G JN LSWQ LUD LCQ LFLD M[K ]SUK FESN
HSLC PHZQD WNU@ GUHDQ L[HKWCO HELQ PL[QHC RLC HELQ OLUHQ RLC GUHDQ H[KHWO POHCH
GSHL HSD[ D]N RNH >[ZO ILUQ
[LIJGO GHOQO HO GLG CO HL[DF LWO GYJQ COC ONG L]U[W RUHK GHHOG RLCH OLCHG X[L] LQ LH
J ]HQH[]G OUD LWU H]SUK FES FLUQ [KG RLC MNOG HFLD HJLSG MNLWOH H[K HO
RWHCD [WCH [KG FESN RQCS HSLC GYJQ L]U[W RUHKD HOLWC ]HQHZQ GQND TD JNHQ COG GQ] DW LTHT MG
K G[UG CY LL ]LD [WTD UUH HEQG OLUHQ GDHK [KG ]HFU RLC GI
OU GOKD PLFUG ]HFU DW LTHT MU LHOG L[ PD NNH FL[G LZTWH C[H] L[LCQD U PLY[]Q LH
PLFUG PL[QHC LH H]CFHG LW OU PLLZ [DFG [CS MNOG PLFUG LU OKD [KGH H]CFHG LFL
DHLJO UEHS GQD Z[ HL[DF PLODZQ HSC COC PLFU LS LJNGO OHNL FJCG RLC PLJNHQN PSLC
HOTW RLFG LOUD COGH GUHD COO PLZOHJ PLFU PGO L PC QD L[ GSQG OU PLSH[JC ]LHZ ]DHLQ GIDH HQYU
COC ]HFU RLC ]HFU P P]HFUO RLC GFHG GQD ]CI FHUH P FTHLD CDHQD U PGL[DFD PLFUG ]C
HD PLJNHQ PSLC L[GH [JCG GYJQD COC ]HFU RLC RN PCH RLF OUD ][LWN LFL OU GCDG HI
PLFU CNLCF CNLG ODC PLFU CNLOF CNLG LOLQ LSG LHG GFDC DLQ [QCF CDLZU LD[O HOLWCH
L]U[W [QHO C[L FLUGO HCD CO RLLFUH PLFU L UFHL RHLN [WQ PD[ ]][LC L]H][LC
COC U[W CO HQYUD [HDT CHGH RHU[WD PLFU HLG UFHL RHLN@ HFESN PLFUG HFLUL CQ ONG
RLDG JH]DH CDKL[ ONG U[W CO HFLULH PLFUG H[NILL CQ ONG U[W RHUKO ILUQ HSLC GYJQ
PD[D CDKL[G H[LWO ODC ]CIN FLUGO [WC FYLN GQ]H OON U[W CO HFLUL PLFUG C[L PD[ L[DF ]HKWQ
>[LW L]C
ODC FL GHOQ PDQ[G T[E GC[S RNH CDKL[H CD[ GSHL HSD[ CEQ L[ GQ[U PLSHC[G [C ]T[EH
LUD LCQ GHOQG FLD M[K HO PL[QHC HOHN L]U[W RHUKO ]][LC L]H][LC C [ K CNLCF CNLG
GFLDC DLQ HSLCH ]YZQD GFHQ CHG HJ[N OU MNOG
][H] [WTD MNO RHHLNH HLZTWD FL[G [W RN [KG LFU PLFU CNLCF HS]T[E LWO VC [WO RN]LH
PLLJ
DT