HL[JCO HC RHLFWG PFHZ [YHS DOJ RLD ZHOLJ RLC HK FL HLZTWD FL[G L[DF ]HKWQ UQQ RNH
[YHS MNQ UDHS DOJ [HTLC RHLN RLFZHQG LOHTWDOJ [HTLC PDQ[G ]KQG ]C HN[F LWO DLL P MDY[Q L[EG
GUSH [NUS PF ZTHW HSLC PDQ[G RN OU RHLFW PFHZ FHU GLG PFG L[GH DOJ GUSH [NUS PF PHQ GIH RHLFWG PFHZ
PHZQ RLC GNOGO RNO DOJ RLF HLOU RLC RLONHC ]CQHK OGD PDQ[G ZTW LWO OJND DOJG PEH DOJ RCN RLC DOJ
D]NH ]HQHZQ GQND ][HWQ GNOG GI MQT OU ]HJFO DHLLG ZJHFD PLOHD G[UGD LE[G HQYU CHGH DOJ [HTLCO
GJLDI ]UQ COC GCSG MO RLC H[QCD DOJ [HTLC OON PDQ[G []HL GC[S
GD CGL CO GQGDG VHED COC [DFQ HSLC ZHTWG LN DOJ [HTLC RLC L[QCF CNLC G LWO FQO PDQ[G [QHO L CQH
OHON GIH FOH RLFN PFHZQ [YHS DOJD [HTLC L PHZQ ONQ COC DOJ OU OON [DHFQ RLCH GJLDI ]UQ COC []G
FZG ]YLDO RLFG CHGH OSN H[HTLC UZWS CO NJC DOJS LWUCH QGHTWD FJHLQ RLF HSLC FZG DOJ O [HTLCD
L[QCF CNLC G PU ]DHLQ GSLC CLEHT G]HC LNG HCOD QHTWD DOJ [HTLC L H OLUO CLEHTG ]QL]TQ ]HZGO RLCH
[]HQ RLOHJ DOJ RCNQ UHQO RLCH DOJ [HTCO FJHLQ ZHTW RLC FCO L[G
DOJ [HTLC OON [NIHG CO ED ]H[HND C]WTH]D PE UH
COH JDI] LW OU VC PLUD[CG ]C EWHT RGD FDHUGH IIHEG RSHLFW [JCO RLD RSHLFW LSWO RLD
RHC[G [HTLCO DH]NG H[LIJG LSWQ PLZHO RCN HLOU PLZHO RLCH GU OONQ CDG HCO CHG GILE
COH PHQ OUDD MO L][]G GJLDI Z[ [QHON IE] COH FDU] CO PHQ [TCS PQHG PFHZ HQN
IC GOLUQ MOQO GSQ UH KY RLOHJ [H TH] KJHG GF DL GYLD LSGCH GF CU OLUO TH] LWU GFHDUH GILE
IK VF
CHG GI KHKLY OI L[WO RLUD RLZHFD GO PLZHQH DLLJ LS]Q CSHG D[ [HKW XHJD RKJHGH
OLUO ]CDHQG C]LL[DG RQ VTHS ZOJ
C]WTH]D FHUH C]LL[DO MQG RLC FHUH GQHLT P[K C]LL[DG [WO C[QEG ZLTWL FCQ [I GIH
PH[E HSD[ H[LWD UH CDHQ HSLC GI UKZ ]H[HND
PFZG PFZD CWLTD GT[EG G]LG C[QEG LSWOH HS]SQ OU PLDTHQ PL[DFG [H[LDD GC[SH
DLLJ LS]Q CSHG D[H >GSQG H[LWD PDQ[G LSWO GT[EG G]LG RNH@ [HKW XHJD RKJHGH PQHQO
]T[E ]C PLCS] GHUDZH CDLZU LD[NH RLUD RLZHFD FLQUQH HNHWLGH [DF HSULQGO CD CS]G L[G
OON GID ZWT RLCH > FLZ PLJDID GID CYHLN L HQN@ GSQD CSHG D[
[CD]S HQNH DLLJ GSH GLG CL[D ]CI ]QHUOH [HKW ]T[ED CWLTD ZLIJG FL OLUO [IUOC [H@
CIL PLKWH GQNJ MQ >P
[HTLC O GHOZ GHFZ RGLOU GOJ RHLN [QHO GY[ GSHLFW TW]LQO CQLOC CO GZ[WLO
CHIJ RHLFW RLF [QCS CO HIN GHFZD RLFZHQGLOHTW
]H]Q ]HCKJ QJO RLSQ G[EG LOUQQ [QHO FHQO] G]Q RLFZHQG LOHTW ][HQ]O RLSQ
GI L[GH GT[W LTL[WQ PSLC CHG G[EG LOUQ O GCQHKG RQLT GT[WG LT[WQQ [QHO FHQO]
HSLC []TD PHQ OU LN@ [NLS PQHQ RLFZHQG LOHTW ][HQ] GIQ HDL[ MNLWO [NLSG LSHYLJ RQLT
IS
]UF VTHL
MNOG []TD RQLT CHGH G[E PLOUQ PSLC CHG PGO GCQHK RQLT GT[WG LTL[WQ HOLCH >GFWS
GQNJ MQ [NLS POHTW RLC G][HQ]H GFOH H[WN]S GLOUD H]Q ]H]QG ]HCKJ QJ GIQ GD[Q
FCL LSLQ
CNLO HCO CNLC C[HTLC ]HCKJ QJ LSGQ ONCH L[ZLC FDUF CNLG CSLQC GHG C]NOLGQ LCH
HFQU [DNH ]H]QG ]HCKJ ]OLNCD C]L[HCF [HTLC GLG DH]NG ][F COHO PE UQQ HCO CNLCF RO UQQZ
RLOHJN PG L[GH R]HFZ GUZW [QHO L NCH E GOLUQ C]L[HCF GOLUQ ]H]QG ]HCKJD RLC COG GI [HTLC [HZQ OU
GOLNC FDOQ ]HCSG [CD PL[HTC RLFZHQG LOHTW PN G[H]G RQ GCSGD PL[HTC H]Q PLFZ ]H[DHTG ]HUFG LWO PEH
ZJYL L[W ]HD U RLFZHQG LOHTWN RONCO [HTC RKJ PC RLSQ GW RLOHJD CDHQD UH GW ROGO CKL[GQ D]N RN
FO LTHT DJ
[QC] FU GHYQH FHUL G]LQG RLC RGLLJD GCSG [HTLC GID OONS G]LQD RSLF GD [QCS GQYU GNOGD GC[S G[HCNOH
L[HTLC [CNH G]LQD UZW CO [HTLCGH [HTLCG RQ GCYH] CLG G]LQG MWGO COC H[]HLH R]HHYQ G]US G]LQ [JCO
H ]HL[HG ]UF VTHL UUH CHIJH KS FHL [IULJC PD RN CDHQ [H PL[DZSG GCSG
FO CJ PL[LQ DDHF ]HD UU C[ZH GNOG O C]HNL[YG VHE OU
[DF OU UDSG MNOG GU HC HCO [HTLC HD RLC LSLTQ GQO GNOGQ [HTCG [DF RCN [CHDQ
[HWQG [DF OU UDSN LSLT [GQ CHG FQHUH UDHQ PL[QHC RLCH GOJ H]UHD GNOGQ [HTCG
]OOHNG GJL]WG C[ PLFEQ L[W LWU G[H]D
G]LQD RCN VC G]LQD ROGO GQ GT[WG LTL[WQQ CDG [DFO G[E LOUQQ CDG [DF LHZCO
L[DH CL ]HNQ [JC PHZQD PLCS] [DFD HZOJSH ZGD LSLTQ GQO GNOGQ PLFQO RCN [CHDQ
GNOGO Z[ CD HOHN ZGG GSH RCNH RLFLED H[W]O RLOW]O G[H] [WT PLLZQ PCG >IL ]HFJG DL[G ]HDH@
I GYLD JOY LWU
G[H]D [HWQN HGL[G GSH ZLGG GNOGQ PLFQO RLC ]HFLQ [CD LW OU VCH
[FGQ PLCDG PL[DFG LS ]C DH]NG LZG QQH PLDH]NG [H]LQ [F COC HSLC RCN [LUGO LH FHUH
PL[HKW HZOJO OC[L RGD GNI [DN GZHOJ [JCO ]HFOH R]HC VC [QHON RL[HKW RGL]HFOH DU
HZOLJ CO RLLFU ]HFOH ODC HDHJ RHU[WO L[NSO ]HFDUHQ RHLN HFOLNO G[HNDG RQ
[LCQ ]LD QQ L[NS ]HW]H RCN L L[G [QHO ML[Y RLC
R]HSG LLDC ]UF [WO L "GLO ]L[Z OI[D RCY COHIH CTSHC GLOU OLDZF LLDC GLO [QC
]H[D H[ZHG HC H]Q PC ODC PLQLLZ PG RQI ON HOIHL PC HC RLHIQ PLKTO RHEN TSHC HLOU ODZ
CDKL[D GIO DH[ZH U QD RDQ[ LWU OI[D RCY PLC[ZS MN PHQH PG ODZQ
GQGDO GO TLW] GLO DLGL COH LIHI LUD PLDNHN FDHU L]C HOLCF CQUK HSLLG G[HND LDE CNGH
PSQC GZG LQ L UYQCD PHNU FL L[GH GFLF ]HFOH TLW] GQGDO GO JNQ CO LCH
HO POL CO PC G[LNQG ]UD [HWQ LCS] GS]G HOLCNH HDHJD GQGDG ]C ]HDEO ]HNI L[NSO L
JS
IL VF ]H[HND
GLHSZ G]LG GQGDG U[WQO [[D]S COG HLQF ]C ODLZ VHTDO PC MC GQGDG JZLO ONHL PLQF
"G[HNDD ]DLLJ GSLC UHFQH GOLJ]NOQ OC[LO
]UD [[HDQ CGL ML[Y G[H]G RLFQ GFLOD ]UDZS H]HFZ RHLN [HNDD CHG FJHLQ RLF FLJH
MSD GQ IS ROGO H[F G[FQ GC[S [DFG [HZQH@ ZWTDH LCS]D OHJL CO G[H]G RLF LN ]HOJG
GOG GDELH POL CO CQ ZWTD RH]S GLG [DFG RHLNH >U MO [H[DD M[ZDH MSCY VC MO [H[DD
>[HQCN [HNDD CHG PLHTQ RLF COC G[L[D RLC ]LOONG GNOGG PHQ COH@ FZ]S CO [HNDG ]C
[JCO COC GFLOG ]UD LCS]G PLLZ]S CO RLLFUH LCS] OU GQGD L[NSQ JZHOG FJ RLF CYL GI LWOH
FN DJ ZJYL [NI LWU ][[HDQ GHFZ G]LG CO GFLOG RQID RHLN G[HNDD HFZ HSLC RNQ
IL VF
CQ HC RGL]HFOHH RG HS]SQD GT[EG HI RHOO C]DHL] RL[HKW RGL]HFOHH RG L[QCF CNLC
GKL CHIJ CQUK GF TH]G L[DFQ GC[S RNH C[G PD CKL[GQ D]N RN CLG C]LL[D
]D OJ[ OU PLQNJH Q[ HZOJS CO LC D[ L[DFO RLSQLT ]YZQ HD L RHEN [QC LC D[
ZTW LN ]CI KLQG PDQ[G MNO HK FHL VTHL]LDG D]NH OJ[ ]D IU ]D OJ[ HC IU ]D OJ[
P [HKGH RDQ[GH C[G HZTW HQN COFH GQFS N PLDJS HOC RLC CQOU LOHNO H]UFOH LC D[N
[HKWO
PDQ[G KLQG MNOH GQFS OOND HOC PE LN UHNO [HKW LC D[ ]UFO MWGO PL[QHC L POHCH
IU ]D OJ[ D]N GQD PLOONS PG PE LN
HO L [ ONH LS]Z GQFS RLF [ZLU HS]SQF PHON UL[NGO RLC IU ]D OJ[ LS]ZF RL]LS]QQH
GLG Q[G COC@ [WO HO GLG RN PE [LNGO Q[G ]UF GLG PCH GSQD H[W]S CO ]HZLWT
]LUDK L]OD GFHDU CLG GWOUD G[H] L[ ON OHONO ZLWTGO LFN [WCF LCQ OND [YZO [HTQ
KKL ]H[HND CHIJG RHO >GQO G[H] FQHOD RS]FNH MNO GNI LQO GS]Q R]LS Z[ LHSC JND
RLSUO COHZO RLD GQFS OOND PG L[G PLCDG ]H[HFG ON ]JC PUW GS]S ON GNOGO CHIJG P UL[NG RN C
G[HND RLSUOH >G[H]G RQ [HTC C[QED UQQ N C[EGH QTNG LWN PDQ[G FN@ RSD[FQ COC [HTC HSLC PLCON
PLLJG VND CDHQ RNH [HKW PDQ[GO PE ]HNOG LKHZOD D]N RNH ]LYLYO RNH RD[ZO OHTW C[QHJO RLD HFZ HSLC
]YLYO OHTW IU ]D OJ[ ]D OJ[ [QY FLQ] ]OHU Q EK
ED PL[HCDH PLHFJD M[HCD UUH GHK C[GQ RHLOED UH
PLHFJ [WTD D]N RN RSD[N [HKWO ZLLFO PHZQ L GC[S IU ]D OJ[ ]D OJ[ DLLJO GSQG RHOQ ZLLFO RLC NQ D
UQQ HI RHO G[HNDG RQ G[HKW COC >CQ ROGO THSLEH[FSC RLSUO HQN@ [HND HSLC IU ]D OJ[ H[QC CO ED PL[HCDH
[HKW GQFS RD PE UQQ L[G [HND ]HFZD FZ]Q HSLC GO FOHHL RDG
JU ZDD CDHQD U PLCONH GQFS [QY RLSUD FHU E
]D IU ]D OJ[D G[HNDD DLLJ GQH G[LU RD RSLUDF FJ C[ O [LUD [LCQ [ GFHQ
D[Z HSLC ODC FDOD RGNO GSL]S RLSUO HFZ HSLLG GD[ZGO LHC[ HSLC COGH OJ[
CLG HQCH HSLQ LSD [CN CHG RHLN HQCO GQHF HSLC LWUCH PHQOUD DJS HSLC GC[SH
KS