H]LLUWD PG OHOLJ RLC PLQNJ L[DFO ]LLYQ HSLC RHLN HD PLJLEQ RLC GUWL PC HOLWC OC[L
> P C[G ]H
PLQF [D HCOF [FLS CO CQOD E[GLO CYHL COC CHG PLQF [D HCOF [FLS CO TTHE CQOD
LWO PSQC FJO D]N LS MHSLJ ]JSQ [WTD GFWL CO P[J ON [QHO FHQO] CHG
PLQF HO L RWHC CGL RNC PCH PLQF HO RLC LWO [FLS CO E[GLO CYHLH TTHE GC[S RL]UFCZOTG
CSZTQG LWO POHCH [FLS CHG L[G GLJL CQ LHNLTG PHQ PLSHZ HO L HC ]HLOE[Q DZHS CHG RHEN
PLSHZ HO L ]HCLYQD PC PE PLQF COH RLN[U CO HO RLC GFWL CO DH]NG ][IEQ FJ]S
DLLJG OU COC [DFQ DH]NG RLC COGH E[GLO CYHLD RLD TTHED RLD DH]NG ][IE KZS UYH PDQ[G L[DF [CDO D]N RN
CO POHCH HLQF R]HS CL[DG PC IKN CHIJG FFLY HIQ GOHFEH [FLS PLQF HO L PC UQQH TTHE OU COH G]LQ
ELC RLN[U QOQG D]N RN
RG E[GLO CYHLD RG PL[HQC PL[DFG PL[WQ L LELOW CO UN LFZQH ML[UQH [FHSD COC
U RLKEDH P PLSHC[H JU RLHFZ TH] ]HJQ ]NTQQ F OLUO TH]U ML[UQH [FHS TTHEG RCNQH TTHED
C[ZQ O HKHW LWO L[GH GN[UGH GFQUG D HSLC LSWQ ML[UQH [FHS TTHEG RLC PL[DHTH PLZOHJ LH
IDF[G POHCH DOZT CNZ KHW KE PDQ[G ]UFD ELC RLN[U MOQO GSQ LWU ML[UQG LWON HFLQUGH [W]Q
HLOU ]DHLQ H]UF HC[H DKLG HGHZFD PC ODC PGLOU ]DHLQ P]UF RLC PLTTHE DH[D PDQ[G L[DF [WO FFY
PLQLLZ HL[DF
GUD COC GLSLQ GD[FD GLO PZ PHQ [HKWO MLL RLCH DLLJ PL[JCD ODJ CHG E[GLO CYHLG
RJG ]HYZD JLNHG LWN MOLCH RCNQ RHQQ LQHO]Q [KWS HSLC DLLJ]S [DN [JCO ODC G]LQ DLLJ]S
PUK MH[D ]HGEGDH FLELE GN[UQ CZU[ HFJH H[F UH GL[FG L[DF OU GQ]H DZT CS LT
I VF
HJDIN PE [QC] PC JHDI HJDI GLG RHEN HQC PFQH H]CKJ PFQ HLOU RLIQ E[GLO CYHLG
H[QC HQN PL[WN]Q PLOUDG RLC >CYQS [DG [CN@ [DG HONC CO PLSGNG GQN ON COG JHDI
GOJ [DG PLONHC PLSGNGN [WCH "[DG ]OLNC FU RL]QGO RLF LHSLU L RLLFU RN PCH KS PLJTWD
LWU GZL[I ]UQ U[WQO [WN]Q CYQSH PLONHC PLSGNG RNO PFHZ ]Q PC PE RN PCH U[WQO G[WNG
IFL PLFZ FHF FZQ
GLFTWLO COH CHG OUDF CSHQQ GCG OUD HLOU ]HL [CN DL]NH OLCHG CSLQC RL]UF CZOT
RCN UQQ G[HCNO C[Z [QC RSJHL LD[ [QC HGDC LD[ [QC LQS LNG CQLCH OQZ GLSLQ
MN PHQH G[H] HO G]NLI PHO] ]HNI Z[ COH >R[LZWGO HC RGD H]HNI ]C [HNQO OHNLH@ OUDG RHQQ QQ PG ]HFOHHG
DH]NG ][IE COHO P]LQGO RLC CSLQC GHG
GOLJ]NO RLC ]QCG LWO PE UQQ G ]YDHZQ GKLD POHCH ]QCG LWO COH RL]UF CZOT G LWO Z[ HGI ]HJFO [WCH
OUDG RHQQ ]HFOHG PHQ G]LQO GSLF [HQEO
CN
]UF VTHL
GLC[ COO G]LQ RLF RGD RLCH L[QEO GCG M[LN RSLC DH ]HFOHD ]QLHTQ ]HNI HO L HSLYQ RHLN [WO PHZQ L FHU
]UF VTHLD CDHQD GI RLSUD QHQ U HLD]NQD CKLO LZTDLSZ J[EG ]UF RNH OUDO QQ PLNLL ]HFOHG RLC POHUOH
KQ ZD
D[ EDU GT LTHT EJ [IULJC CO [LCL ]HJ KY IY CJ KL[GQ ]H U HS]LEHTO [ZGD [DHU ]EL[G RLSUD FHU
DLH GQNJ MQ HKC DJ OHDI ]LD HT[ KJH J[ IJ LHOG KD EKT DJ QHJ GQ ]H[EC FL FHL FJ PLOUW
DU RL[FGSTD RLHYQD UUH RCN PL[HCDH PLHFJ GNJO
FOHHG ]C RLCLYHQH GTL[N ]C PLU[ZQH RLNT RLCLDQ ]DD G]QH [DQG OU GDL GCG
M[HYO WNGHLD ][DHUQ ]OLNC RHEN PL[HTLC [CD RNH@ PL[DHU ]OYG OU ]D PLOOJQ EGD ]UF
LHOG KD IO OGCDD U GNOGO PLSH[JC PLZTHW HKZS RNH FQ GFSD CDKL[G ZTW RNH >[DHUG ]OYG
CYQS [DHUGN GI OOND RLC ODC@ PLOOJQ EGD ]UF H][LYLO PHL PLUD[CQ ]HJWD HOLWCH FHUH KW JJ
>IQ GJ LHOG KDD D]N RN GSJDQ ]LL[WGD PJ[O XHJQ
PL[DHUG OU PLOOJQ RLC PL[DHT PLSHC[GQ L POHCH
[DQG OU ]DHL COC GLJ HOLWC HC@ G]Q PCG [CN [QHO ML[Y P]UF LWOH HGO C[LDTF
MNLWOH HLSWD GQHTJ ]OFGH CTWHZD JSHQN CHG Z[ CHG FHOL COC [DHU [FED FOHG RLC >CQHL VHT
PFCG ][H] U ]DG ]C HLOU PLOOJQ
GQ LWO PLOOJQ RLC PLFJ GSHQ RD ZWT CHG PC ODC HLFJ HO HON [DHFQ [QHO ML[Y RNH
PG[DC REQ LWU HLS[WYH H[U H[QE PC COC GSHQ RD ZWT OU PLOOJQ RLC IO JHC UHD ZTW
FHOL OU HOLWCH GSHQ RD OU PLOOJQ LCFH PLSH[JC PLZTHW HD]N HSLQLDH GNOG [HCDD UUH P
ENZ FJ ZJYL ]JSQ FO LTHT GQO ]JSQ U H]OYGO HSLFLD PLLUYQCG PHQ PLFJ GUD LSWO CYL
CNLC PD PFCG ][H]DH CQHL VHT R[DH RDQ[D U
C[U
FN G[UG HO N KW JJH CQZ EJ LHOG KD
PLCLZD RLC PHQ OHJD HOLWC RN ]HUO PLEGHS RLC HNU IO JHC CQ[G D]N GI RLF VHED
GH]LQL GHN]JL PC L[GH GWOU]S Z[ CQH LJ FOHGH G]Q CLG CFHHO MN MN DH[LZD PCG ]]LQD
FOHG ]Q PLL]SLDH RL]QGO HSC PLNL[Y MNOG
FOHG DYQ RNH ZHLFD PCG O G]HLJ DYQ GQ ]UFO PLJ]HWQ PLON PSL PHLG O ]HCLYQD POHCH
OLYGO LFN GTL[N UH[ZO ]L[HZQG GC[HGG LWN PGD RHFO ML[Y PL[ZQ L PLSH[JC PLZTHW HD]N
LJ FOHG OLYGO ]H[WC LH G]Q LCFHD GCH[H GJQHQ CWH[ L ON HG CJ PLLJG [E [WTD [CHDQ RN FOHG
FHU D]NH DH ]QLHTQ GFDHUD IN CJ LHOG KD H[WTD CKLO [SICHH G[EG FFLY RNH H]HC PLCLYHQH GT[N PLU[ZQ
LFLF L]HHN GLQQ [Q]LCF GOYI [YOQ IC[ RHCEG PD MN [JC L]UQ ICH HL[DF VHTD P HSHO HIH KW LT JJD
FHU RLLUSH DHS FU L]C[HG OU CSNLQT CO RLFU RN OU CFDHU ]LUS CO GUQO C[DLC
[DFD PLCLZD HSC RLC CQ[G L[DF [HCDD DFUZ DJ FHL GQ ]H[EC ]HD UUH
RLHO X[W D[G ]CQ ]NTQG VHTD JWTSD U G]QH [DQG OU ]DHLG GCD ]HSH ]HFU LEGSQ ]HFHC GI RLSUD FHU
CKLO
OLUO COGH L[ D]N HQN PCG [JC ]Q FOHG PLQUW RCNQ GC[S GQD PL[WQG HSF [DN
DN
I VF RLN[U
[ZUS RLD PLZOJQ LH L]HCLYQ [DFG RLC UQQ LTHN[W ]O] FU TLN[WH CFDHU GHG CGH HOC
[ZUS COH FOHG
O PG[DC REQ DL LTHT D[ ]H Q CQ[G ]H IW CJ CD[G ]H FQ GFSD TH]D GI RLSU ]HOOND U
JO EJ LHOG KD ]H RCN XDUL[ ]HGEGH [ EL CJ DZUL ]HD HU[ KWQG ]HDL]S LZT
LJ PFCD P]O]GH ]QGQ PL[DC ]CYHG ]HFHC FWEW DJ GQO ]JSQ [WTD HS]LEHTQ CLDG GQD UUH
[DHT RQJS D[ [W L[ G][THC GSLF [QE HIH G][THC G]]LQ HI RQJS D[ [QC COC DU
RNH [HG GF L ZDD TH]G HKZS RNH CNFL ODC PDQ[G ZTW RNH GCSGD []HQ ]QG O [UG
[ZLU RN D]N VTNG ]HFHZS D MGH C[GH RSJOC [G EQTG ]UF
HJLSG GKHWG GJSGG OU RQJS D[ ZOJS CO D]N GT RQLTD RNH O CJ ]HD CD[G POHCH
RWHCDH GQGDF CLQHF QQ G[UD FLQUQ RQJS D[ COC HGSLS GCSG L[HTLC LCQC CLEHTG ]OLJ]D
G]LQG COC [THC RLF [QE RLC PHQ []HQ GCD MNOG G]]LQO GSLF [QE RLD O]S [UG
[HTC GQGDDH
FHL [HKG ZTW RNH CLEHTG LZHFZFD GDJ[GD UUH [TC GCYHGG [U PFCG ][H]D RDQ[GQ CLDG RNH
]NTQG VHTD DLHK CZOUQ OCHQ [ ]HGED UUH KQ
[]HQ G[U IC Z[H L]DO L[U HS] G[QC C]QLZHCG ][CS RQJS D[O ]LLO ]UF ]LC[S RCN PH[E HSD[ H[LWQ
UYH PDQ[O GSQG H[LWD UQQ RNH
L[G GCSGD H[TCS CO E[GSN DO PLFEDG HLFED COO [DZS EH[G RCNQ JLNHGO GY[ LQ L
[DHJQ GLG LWUC ]QO GYZHG CO L[G L[U HS] G[QC COD HOLWC ]L[NS GCW [L]Q RQJS D[
OYI LZTSLYHZLK QL[EG LWU PL[TCS PSLC EH[GG LFED RN ON HWHEO
RLC GQ ]QG PU H[DHZO H]HC PLYZQ RLC LWO RQJS D[ [L]Q [U RHEND CZHF [QHOH ]HJFO LH
PLNL[N]N PSLFH ]QG PCSZ L[G ]QG PU P[DZO RLFG RQ HDLLJ]S GOLJ]Q EH[G LFEDD RN
[UYG OFHE MND ]HC[GO LFN HLFEDD H]HC PL[DHZ PUKG PL[NS HGHE[GD CZHF GI GC[S POHCH
GC[S PGD UHODG PFG PHQ Z[ PLFEDG ][HDZD PLDLLJ RWHCD ODC PZS PHZSOH GQLJ ]HOUGOH
EGSQN RN H[DHZO CHG FHDN HSLC GD[FC HFHDN PHQ HQU HLFED ]C PL[DHZ RLC L[G ]QG PCSZ CO
RN RHLNH PGD EHWTG PFG PHQ Z[ COC >]LJ] OD PHQ PLFED PU ]Q [HDZO [HTC PEH@ PL[NSG
I[EO GQO ]JSQ LWU ]QG LNL[N]N OON PLDHJ PSLC RN]L PF PGLOU RLC [DNH HTDLNH H[DU PC
CGW DJ OYI MD[ULHC
P]T@ G]Q RLS]HS L]DO L[U HS] G[QCH E[GLO GCYHL GCG D[F GL]HHN LHO LS]
[HQCG LW OU [WO [WC RLS]HS RLC >PHON G]EL[G PFHZ G[QC COO G]Q [QHON C]WTH]D GT[EG
G[QCNH U[Q DLN [CN LQF RL[HTQNH RLDH]NN GL[DF E[GLO ]CYHLN PHQ GH RLKE LQOH[LD
E[GLO GCYHL KZS CZHFD GC[S GI LWOH G]]LQD [TCS CO RNOH [UD G]D G]NI L]DO HS]
GOLUHQ G][LQC RLC RNO PFHZ ODC
ZHOLJ RLC GI LWO GWHEN ]HLGO GO JHS RLC G]UF GOEQ HI G[LQCD L[ D]N PUKG LWO POHCH
DC C]WTH]O OCZIJL RHIJ LWU G[QC L]Q
CLG RN
G[TCS RLF [QED FLQ G[HQ PL[DFG KW G][THC GSLF [QE GCSGD G[HTC GE[GS GQGD
EN
]UF VTHL
RLFG [QED H[WL PGH PLLJQ [TCS OZTSG [H RLC HD]N PLSHC[GQ L POHCH GCSGD GQGDG
CU PLJDIH W RL[FGST TH] PLLJQ [HTLC PH HLOU RLC PFCN CO GSKJL PC G[HTC [HTLC GLOU OJ
W RL[FGST ]UF VTHLD CDHQD UU PDQ[G ]UFD CL RNH P] HSD[ ]KLO
LS Z[W
CLE RLN[U PDQ[G L[DFD [CHDQ GDE GDE GQ GDEH PFZ [JHCQ DHJ OUD CQUK LCQ
GSH RCN GDE CO GDE GQ GDEH PFZ [JHCQ JUD CLG GNOGG ]HDHJ LOUD [CD LWUC
]HFZD HOLWCH FHDU LFLQ ULZWQ FZG I RLN[U PDQ[G ZTW GQ LW OU [QHO L [DFG PUKH
PN GDEH PFZ [JHCQG JUDGQ VH[KO JN L PGO ]HDHJ LOUD [CO GQHF HSLC MNOG PLQF
PLN[F UUH IL[EG LHFJ CEW RJG ]HYZ LWU []HL PLOC H]LLDE JHN FZG ODC ]HJHZOGQ PLDHE PG
GFH] JDI H[LWH GQO ZJ ]HGEG CN QHJ DZUL ]HSNQ P PDQ[G OU PL[WC GSJQ PDQ[G ]KL [DTGD ]HWTHS
FKYZ FJ LHOG KD ]H RCN
]JC ]H[ GOHNH OLCHG FY ]HDH]N VL[D CDHQ E[ FZG LFLQ CLYHQ FZG RLC [CHDQ PLSHC[DH
PLSHC[DH UQ GF Y ]HDH]N TH] LWU GDE GDE GQ GDEH PFZ [JHCQG MNLWO FZG ONG CLG
GFH] JDI DL ]HC ]HKQGD RCN ZQKD UH P
J VF
RLC CHG RDQ[GH TH] L[ ]KLQ GOHUG [ZLUG IL OU []L COH GUDQ ]HJW GUHKD J]W RLC
PLCS] LS ]COQD COC GFLSO >]HJWO PLWHY[ PLQL E G]C[ GOHFE GDI @ GDLI LFLQ ]CYHL GCG
PF GC[] L]Q ICH G]DLI LQL ]OLJ] ICQ []HL HC PHL CL H[DU PEH G]DLIO PLLZS GUD G[WT
H[DU CO HC PLLZS GUD G[WT CO PC ODC LCFH GFS LGL[G D[ RQI [JCO RLD PLNHQTG PLQLD RLD
G]DLID ][CS GDHI LQL ]OLJ]Q PHL CL
[QHON G]TH ]UD GC[]N HC GOLJ] PF GCG GC[]N ][JC GKL H GCLD L[HTLC PDQ[GO POHCH
CHG LSWQ GDLI PF GI L[G LSLQG PHLD PF G]C[ PLQL GUD GFS HI L[G G]FLSO GUDZ ]UG
LQLO ][IHJ G]C[ CO RLD PGD G]C[ RLD PHL CL [HDUN PLCDG PHL CLD MNH G]FS ]U COD
GUD POHUO [HWT] FO] FU HC [JC PHLO ]THG [ZULL FU ]TH GO UDZL PHLQ GLQL ONH G]FS
CLG PC UF] MNH HNH [U FJC PGL[JCH GUD PGL[JCH [UFJC PGL[JCH ]THG PHL ]OLJ]Q
GDLI LQLD HC GFS LQLD ]FQHU
PLQL GUD OU PL[]L PSLC POHUO G[H]G RQ GFLSG LQL PLSHC[G [C ]KLO RG HI GKLO RG@
>G]FSD GLG] PLQL ]UD DH]NN
L[G POHUO GSZ] GO RLC GFS HC GDLI LQLD ]FQHU PC ]UFHL GSLC GUHKG RLFD GLG HI GKLO
GS]Q HSLCH [UFJCH UD O ]HL[IJQD POHUO UHDZ [DFG L[G GFS ZWT GDLI ZWTD FLQ] CLG
C[ZLUQ ZWT RLC COG ICH G]TH ]HULDZ OJ L]Q GO UHFL NCC GLC[G]HZTWG HC GL]HLC[ LWO
FN