PE CKJG ]C CW[O G[H]G G]HHY RN OU RHOG CKJ OU GCD PLUESG ]OJQ LWO [GKSH [HGK [QHC
U[HYQ [W PLLJ XWJ RHOG FLD PLLJH ]HQ LN ]HC[GO [HDLFG JND RN
]H[LDU O FESN ]HSHU OLFEQ U[G RHO [WTQG ON
ON RLN[UD L Z[WD H[QC RGD ONGQ PFC [QL LFN ]HSHUG ]OFEGD ELOWGO PLQNJG M[F
HNH PLQF ]HNLWH ]HL[U LHOEH PLOHOLE ]FHDU ]H[DU O FESN ]HSHU OLFEQ U[G RHO [WTQG
C[ Z[WDH PLQF MWH HOLCN GOHJG ]C [ZDQ HSLC ON [FH CDLZU [ CYL Q PL[FS ]NTQD RNH
CYHLNH HOCD PFC [QCLG EU FDHUN MLSLUD GLGL HNH H]QJD HLFED U[HZG H[QC GZ ]D E[HCF
CUZ DL[G ]H MH]Q [QLQO CNLO CG [HDUL OCH E[GL PGD
G[H]D ZHTUL CHG PNJ FLQO] PC U[G RHO L[WTQ O R]SZ] LOHC H]SZ] GQ
]CI ZHTW OU [HDLFG OU RN PE L]UQ HQNH OHUWL CO [WC LC GOHUWG JN HO L PFCH
JND C[DS PFCG LWO G[H]D ZHTUL U[G RHO OUDF GL]SZ]F OI H[QC GQ U[HYQG ][H] GLG]
LQ MNH G[H] HL[HDF ON HLGL ODC [DFL GYUG Z[ [DFL CO HQYU [HYUO HO [WC LC [HDFG
QU I ZLFYO UH[I [HC JO PL[WHT L[DF UUH FO[ ZLFYG ]ZFY MH]Q GOHUWG JND C[DS
J]WL OC J ]HDH]N OIJ H[QC COC "H[DLF HLOU PFCG PC GQD LC]LO] OLKZ LC]LO] RHO
OC POUGG RQ PL[DFG CLYHGO HJND LHOLE LFLO GDJQG ]CYHG CHG [HDLFG LN RKO GW PFC
]HU[G HL]HFLQ OUHWG OC ]HCYHLH ]H[[HU]Q RHEG CHG HOLWC PFC OU GU[ PL[DFQ [CN LHOLEG
FJQ R]HC H[[HU PL[JC MND PC HSLC LWUC RNOH HD[ZD ]HLHDJ HLG GSG FU [C PFC H]HC O
LFL OU OON R]HC [[HUO PLSC P]HC PLOHNL HLG CO GDHKO RNWGQH [HG RQ R[ZHU GLG HOLC MC
K PLHFZ ]GU KUD UUH CO] JS ]HJL LKHZO LWU PGL[HDLF
IK VF
HO DJ] GOOZ PL0:G
g i k [ZDD OHFE OHZD HGU[ M[DQ DL]NF LCQ [QC LQLF D[ C]C LN
CLSOWO GLN[DLS CSQJ[ [QCH CZHD DL]L ZLWS [JQO [LW GLQZ HJ[KH CILWHCO UOZLQF RHEN
OOND RLC D]N GY EJ FHL GQ ]H[EC ]HD GLO RLTSCH RLOICH LSLC RLUQH LCQZ J[K LNGF
HO [QC CO PC GDJ[ FLD GZFY R]HS [LU PFC OU GZFY LSZTUO HC PLLSUO ]HOEO GI [HTLC
GOEL XWJ HSLC H[LWD DLFS H]HC
GF EN QDD TH]G HD]N HQN@ PLZL[ PLSCO [QHCN COC [QCS CO GI [HTLC LN [DFG PUK
PLSCO J LN COC [HTLC RLC L[D ]JC RHOQ UQQ FHUH >RCN ZQKD GNH CILWHCD
J RLC GC[S L[D GLSG RHOG LWO VCH PH[E HSD[ [W RNH HSHQQ THSCO HCHDL PLQLOC
RLC ODC GON HSHQQ CYQSH ROLNCGO CO LLD]L GL]H GOLNC LZTU OU PLCDG PLCSTNCD COC
RLC PC PH[]OQ USQLGO HDLL]L CO PLSC DH[ LN PFC LSD P]TD RHQQ ]Q[]GD GI JO PHZQ
PFC HLOC CD RHEN D[TOQ LLD]L UHFL RWHCD HOLWC [LUN UHFLG PFC D]N FHUH P]H[WCD
[UQ R]S CO P]TG RQH [DFD J RLC HSHQQ [UQ R]LO HO L [JCQ HQL[]GO FDNS
IQ
]UF VTHL
[LNGO HO L GD[FCH DLFS LC CHG MLC PL[JCO FLEG LQ OU OON FLWZGO [LUGO RLC RNO
FLEG LQO THSZLH GI OU FLWZL [LUGO H]YU OU [LNIQGH GZFYO []HL R]L P[E OU HO GDHK
GHYQQ HUSHQ OU [HU LSWO F OHWN [HTLC CHG HSQQ GN[D USHQH GZFY ]HYQ OU [HDUO ]LTQ CHG
GU[ GYU HYULQ OUH
[WTO ZTHU [WQ L[ H]HSE LFLO CD H]DHK MH]Q H[LDJ O H]DHKD PFC [WTL OC POHUO
CQ PLC[L [WTD CHG RNH ]DF DW VL[D CHG RN CZU[EG CLDGH LCFQ []HL HJDD
PFC LSD HSQQ HFQOL LFN DHK [DF OU H[DJ JDO L GHYQ GD[FC LCFQ []HL GD[Q HSLCNH
FTZ DD C[GQ ]HDCF ZW PDQ[ LWU MN OU HGHNL[ULH
H L C S H L S W D HJD [WTQN [QCS [HTLCG DDD GQ[G NNH FI ]HUF D]N PDQ[GH
JDD PLQNJ H[DLF TD ]HQHZQ GQNQ FHUH ]HLSHQLLQ ]HGEGDH P PLC[L [WTD PL[WQG HC[G [DNH
UUH GN GOLEQD L RNH HLFLQO] ]QJ LJD GSHQ LCNI RD RSJHL RD[ GLG ]HDC ]SQD HQN PL[JC
FTZ DD ]UF VTHLD CDHQDH O KN EJ PHO L[DF [WTD
JW PLJDID CDHQD PL[DF ]HNL[C GC[
RL[WNQ GSHGN LFED VC RL[WNQ ]HSD[Z GQ
]S]N HSCYQ LWUC "PLQF ]HNLWO ]SH]N RLSU GQ PLQF ]HNLW OU ][WNQ ]SH]N
]SH]ND GLG COQOC P[D PFD GHODKLH H]S]N HKLWG HLJC VTHL OYC PLQF ]HNLW RLSUO
RGNG DHO ]SH]ND [WHNL GI RHHU ZLWTQ PUK GI GLG CO ]H[HFO PLQF ]HNLW O RLSU
]SH]NG ]KWG COC PLQF ]HNLW G]LG CO PLKDG OYC RHC[G GUQD LN PEH ]H[HFO
HE[GO RHC[G PSHY[ PHZQD GCD HLOUQ
PLKDG MNOH VHED ]DO]Q PFCG WSO HDOH ]SH]N CHG VHEO ]IQH[ ]SH]NG RNC
GEL[GO G]C LHC[ [QHON ]SH]N ]KWG O GUQ HD HU VTHL ]C HE[G CO HOLWC
[DFG OEOE]SH PLJYH[G ONO C[ GLG RLZ GUQO IQ[ GIH R]W HSLLG GLHU ]SH]NGH
R]W RD[Z DL[ZG LU
[ZL LON LWU GEED WS E[HG OU G[WNO KOZQ L[U O IQ[ PEH
ON C[D H[NIHG MNO ]HL[U LHOLE OU PL[WNQ PLTSNQ PLQF ]HNLW OU ][WNQ ]SH]N
HY L[ H[D OU DOL FD LTSNQH FD HFQ RGNG DOH FDOD HOOG PLFED LS PHLG ]HFHDU
GO D[Z]GO OHNL >PLQF ]HNLW [ CHG@ TUNH GHC]D WNU LZS CHG LQ OU IQ[O
P JHOG LQ LWU
H[LW DOD PLSQZHUG OU [WNQ H[QC CQHL LQOH[LD DOG [HG[G OU ][WNQ KSDC
L GD[ C[ZLH P PLDSEG OU [WNQ PL[QHC LH PL[WQ PQU OD PDOH PGL[DF PLQZUQG
LQOH[L GQC DO HN[CH UILD HE[JL CO OU JW JL PLJDI U DOG FESN HN[HN RGNG GLG KSDCG
GHY] JHOG LQ U PLQO POHN HGL DOG L[HG[G RZ]O KLJ FZQG LON PDQ[
[FQGQ CL ]HC ZQKD NQNH DO PGL[DFD GLEGO L CQH PLQUW D KSDCD HWLZQ GLG TH]U
FY VZG ON DLJG COC GQC DO COC HSLC KSDCG M[HC L[G ]HQO ]HWZG DOO GSHHNG RLC GC[SH
I GNHT U GQC PFCG DJH[ L[G ]JC PUWN
JQ
IK VF RLN[U
[YLG ]LDN CLG G[HDEGH DOG FESN [HICG LSWQ G[HDED OC[L [IHC PLN[DQ RN OUH@
PO POHN HLGL DOG L[HG[G RZ]O GH[UO DOG RLD ZLTWGO LFN M[YS [HICGH OLTNDOD
>C OHOC ZLFY L[W LWU HLOU PLN[DQ RNO PLQ
GDJQ G[I GFHDU OYC LWOH PLDNHN ]FHDU OU [WNQ FHWC RLSLFG OU [WNQ RHJ
GQNJ MQ H G U Q N FHWCG D J H RCN [QCS MNO GUQN
]HHLU OU [WNQG RJDH IU OU [WNQG FHWCD COC GSHGN LFEDD D H J G U Q HSLYQ COH
OC[L ]LD ]C W] RUQO FL OCZIJL DL]N IUD GUQ GHU GDJQG PGLSD IQ[ RLFG
CHG PC LN GUQ GHU RLLFG O H]DJQ RN PE KWQDH [DFQ DH]NG G[I GFHDUDH PDOD
OUD RLF GKQ CHGH FJHG R]HS L[JC ]NOHG H]DJQ [DN ]QC KHWO LFN HOLWC FJH JZHO
MLOC Q[ DHJ GUQ IQ[G PGLSD DH]N MNLWO HJ[N
HLZTUD ]HEGSGD PFC ON OU RG KWQ G[HQG RLLF OU RG KWQG L]HHUQ OU [WNQ RJG
DYHZ ]LG [H[DD HUFL PC GQ ]FQD GSHQC RH[TJ L PGLSDH RLFN CO []LG G[HQN
PE J[NGD RHQQD CKHJG CHWC CYQS RHQQ LSLSUD PLCKHJ HLG CO HLSH[TJH PFC ]TS[W ON
FHWCG OUQ RJG JIL COH DH]NG ][GICO PUK GIH IU RLSU CLG G[LWNH G[LWND ONS
GQ [F J[NGD FJLD ]HLGO PLNL[Y
GOHFEG ]TSN LSC HULDG GUD LN O[GQ PD [QC CHIJGQ GQZ QU LC RHIJ WEGD CDHQ@
CSHQQF C[YLD [QCH H]UF JSHL GQD HGHOCH HL]J] [JC [YL R]HL LN ZLD CYL G[I GFHDUF C[YL ]C
>CHG IUF C[YL ]HFOH]Q RHQQG [YL GIQ UQQ CHIJG [QCH
G[LDUG CLG G[I GFHDUH ]HHLUO CHDO OHNL GSKZ ]HUK LU ZFG RQ ZF [DF H[FE RLFG ]HHLU
GFHDU OU FHWCG ][WND HQYU PFC RZ]Q [CN GID GI [N G[H]G G]O]H []HLD G[HQJG
RHJG ][WNO ]HNIO ONHL FU D[HZQ GUS G[I
L[JC H[]] COHD LZS HSLCH HLOU [WNO CD FHWCG CKJD PHEW PFCG RQI ON LN RLSUG PYUDH
DHH ]HLQLSWD CHG LIC IU ELT ONQ LZS PC ODC RLFG ]HHLU LFLO CHDO ONHL ]HSLQ HI PNDDO
PHZQG OC CD FZG OC HCDD HDO OU KWQG RJD [QCS HGIH ]HUK PH LFLO CD HSLC
]HUK PH ]HLGO ONH] CO HDO OU OC[L LSD KWQ ]C R[GC CSH IC G LSWO LQLSWG
OZHYI DHSLQCQ [O ]H[HGK ]H[QC FLQ] G LSWO CHG LSWQ ]HHLUH
U[G RHOD PFC CKJ PC HLWO GLGL GW HD DH]N GQD IQ[ U[G RHO OU [WNQ OLUQ
HO [WN]LH U[G RHOQ USQLLH GDH] GUL HLWO GW GUL
PLSHQUWG [WTQ GLG MN PLSH PLUD GQG CL[KQLED RHQ[H DGI RHQUW RHQ[H DGI RHQUW
PFCG OU PLCD PLUES ]HC[Q PLSH PLUD FESN CQZ CS] ]UFO PLSH PLUD OLUQD
U[G RHO RHHUD
IQH[ DGI RHQUW LWO "PLSHQ[ LS RLD RHQUW ON RH]S PLSHQ[G OC PLSHQUWG PLW[HYQ GQO
]HHYQ PLCOQ PG PE OC[LD PLSZL[G OU OQ RHQ[H JD O [HDLFH [HGK [HDLF OU
PJDD COC [DFO RLC OC[LD PLSZL[D HOLWC GHYQG GCDH RHQ[N
KQ
]UF VTHL
MN PLSHQ[G RLD MH]D PLSHQUWG PN COGH PLSHQ[G MH]D PNH]D DGI LSHQUWH DL]N GQO
PFCO LCFN RLC IQ[O " PNH]D DGI LSHQ[H [QCS CO GQOH PLSHQUWG MH]D PLSHQ[G HLG
RLD ]JC GZL] COH ]HZL] L] RLD FJC [HDLF COC H[DJ O HJDD HOLWC GD[G [DFO
GCH[ CHG GQQ LYJ FQOO PL] PLSLUH FJC GW PFCO GDZG R]S MNOH PL[HDLF LS
HLWD FLEL HLSLUD
PFCG Q]L [CN [QHO FZG OC HCDD HOHZ UQSH ][O R[GC OU GLGH ZHTWG VHT
HCDD HOHZ UQSH IC U[G RHOH [ZD HD HTLUNGO PHOH TJ COH PG ]C HD ][O H[HDLFD
HLSWO H]OLW] ODZ]] G LSWO FZG OC
GHY] PLLJ XWJ UUH MLOC ZJYL ]FZU PL[HKG OUD LWU
RLC PLSW LIU P]HC ON H[QC L[G GC[H CHD [GHID H[QCH PLSW LIU GUQ OU [WNQ XLY
HLGN OC[LD HLG PLSW LIU P]HC ON CDG POHUDH GIG POHUD ZOJ PGO RLC GHD PGO
ONH CD CHG RH[NIO XLYG LSWQ PGLUQ ]C PLCH[H PD[ZD PDO [DS FLQ XLYD PLON]TQ
HNH PGD LLD]QH HLUQD [NIS HD ON]TQG
ZHZJ [HWQG P [C DGIG XLYH H]OHFED RGN GC[L [C GI CHG LQ LN GFZUG OUD VLTHQH
PLZOCG OC KLDGQ UZ[ZD HLSW HDNL CO HJYQ OU FQHU HLOU
ONGH GQLSW ONLGD ]LUS ][HKZG LWO [WQ L[ LCJ GUQ OU [WNLH LCJD [DF CDL
LSWQ [W CDL[H LCJD [DF ]C[ZS MNO G][KZG ]UD JDIQOH POHCG RLDQ PL[HW
PHQ [W RSJOC [GH > HNH PL] ]JC GSHQ GLG PLQF R]QN CO@ GZL]D ]LUS ][HKZG
CQHL PLSL TH] LWU LCJD [DF ]C[ZS MNO PLQF R]Q HQN G[H]D ][HWQ G][WN RLC ][HKZG
FHUH FQ
LEN CY] GQNJ MQ [WTD U U[G RHO OU ][HKZG ][WN RLSUD FHU
[QHO FHQO] HSOOZL COH HS[KTL CO HSNL CO OHNL MDDOD MLJC ]C CS] CO RSD[ HS] DU
CS] CO HCOG [WQ D ]HHYQG [WT GH ]HUF PDQ[G [DFQ DH]NG DOD GCS MDDOD
MHSLJG [WTD D]N RNH GI HCOD [DHU HSLC HO H]CS ]C HULFHQ PC ODC DOG ]CS OU Z[ [QCS
JO[
PHQ PE [DHU P D]NH D ]O PDQ[GO ]HHYQG [WTD [HWQ RN RWHC OND MHQN MU[O ]DGCH F GUD [DU QQH
QD U FDOD PL[DF LU HOLWC H[DJO [UY ]CDG ON OOHNG H[DJ ]CSHC [HTLC PHQ PE PLQUWH [HK] COH PHZ] CO
PHQ GC[S PUKGH GID J[NGD [DHU HSLC UQQ P PDQ[GQ ODC Q UGC DZUL ]L[D LWU GUQD RN ON KS JS
CS[ ]OD U GCSHCF HCO PHQ GID RLC MNOG MND HLLDQH H[UYQ FLQ] CO H]CS ULFHQH GOEQN VC
O] >H]CO CSZQ@ HI RHEN OHNL MDDOD MLJC ]C CS] CO G[H] G[QC LWON E GKHTD H[QC GQ ILWO [WO LH
KZHSG KHWG DH]NG HKZS COC ]DGCHF GU HC GCS ][LKSH PL[DF ]CSHC [HTLCO GSHHNG [ZLU OL PDQ[G LWOH
[JC RLSUD [W LGZDH H]CS ULFHQN [DHU HSLC CWHE CS] CO PHQ ODC CLFGO GCS HSHOD
HQU [[DLH HSJLNHL FU GI HCOD FQHU H]CS ULFHQ PC PE GC[S PLHFZ ][WD RDQ[G L[DFQH
M]LQU ]C JLNH] JLNHG MDDOD MLJC ]C CS] CO GI HCO [LW RN HCSH H]QJQ [DFG ]C
HC M]OLJQ ZDLH OYS]L CQ M[DJ PU [[D]H JNHH]] COC DOD M]CS ]C C] OC [QHON
KO PLC[LG ]UF RNH GUHK G]C [[D]L
S
IK VF RLN[U
ULFHQN MNO [HZQ PH HSO RLC HH[LWOH GJNH] [DF OU HSNL CO OHNL RCN [LW L[H
[QCS H]CS ULFHQ KUQO CO MDDOD [QCS GI LN [HQC GI HCO RLC PL[DFG HQU [[DQ HC H]CS
HSCSL CO NLWUC MNO ML[YN HJLNHQH HGNQ HOLWCH RWHC OND G[HTC DOD GCSG FQOO COC
VU]TQDH PLSHC[G ]HKL [H[LDD U F RLN[U DZUL ]HOGZ LWU HDOD
PC COC RN KZS CO GC[S GH ]HUF GSQVTNG L[DFQ H]CS ]C GOEQN [HTLC RLC PDQ[G ]UFD NQ C
GOC ZQUGD UUH F PLHFZ NH] R[GC RD[ZD NNH UYH CS] CO F HCOD [DHU GCS MH]Q V[LJ HC GNLG
KL UQ ET[O CO[W WL[EG [HCD UH ]HCT[E L]D HI GOC ]HO]O D]N EIN C]OLC
CDHQD UH K EW ZD GQO O PLD GID U DKHQO H][IJGH GJNH] M[HYO ]HNGO ]H[ L L[Q UQQ GQD D
[HTLCG RQ PL[WGOH ]HHYQ PHLZO PL[JC ]LLWN RLSUD P ]UF VTHLD
LWON [HQC HSLC G[HCNO CS] CO F HCO COG OHCO L H[TLOH HJLNHGO ML[Y G[LDU [DHUD RCN [DHFQ L[WOH
FLEL JYH[ OG PDQ[G ZTW RNH ELZ PLJTWD H[QC HQN H]CSO GHYQH []HQH RLL[DU
HN[U LWN MN ON PLSHEG HLUQ RLC COC PLQT[HWQ PLCKJ CKHJ QQ U[D RCN [DHFQ RLC F DZUL ]HOGZD D]NH
H]HF[O GHYQ FQHO CHG LWUC HFLQO]H HSD RLSUO J ]HNQD H[QC GQ ]QEHFN []HL HLN[F DLKLL LFN HGNQH
LFL OU ZU[ GZO PLQUW GD[G L[HS RD RSJHL [ [QC M[F OUH
H]HCSO [HTC GC[]GDH FLIQD HOLWC G[LDU [DU PNJ FLQO] DT [LCL ]HJ ]HD D]N GQ LW OU [QHO L FHUH
>GJNH]H [HTLLO PHZQ L PL]UO QQH@ GDH] GU LCFH PHLD HL[JC [G[G] OC GOLOD G[LDU [DU J] H[QC L[G
GIN RWHCD [DHFQ [WCH
RLL[DUG VCH@ XHJ LWON H[TLOH HJLNHGO Z[ COC DOD H]CSO [HTC RLL[DU HOLWC L[ ]UF LWO [LW ]HLJ X[GQH
>[QHQG ]C ]HD[O MLJC ]FDC ON DH]ND HN IUD HDL[ HQNH MLJC C[ZS
HLUQ CHSO Z[ DOD H]HC CHSO LHC[ RLC G[LDU [DHU GLGL PFCG VC KL C[ZLH OCSD[DC L[ L[DFD HSLYQ RNH
PNJ PLHFZ ]HWL PLSW DO Z[W CLS] DWT G[HDF [QH] U PL[WT GQND CDHQ DHLNH DKHQO [HIJL LFN HJLNHGOH
JS QU PLI[G
[WO L GYZ POG PLC[L [WTQ GC[S HQNH GJNH] [JCO DOD U[G ]CS G[]HG RLFG RQ KHZSS PC PE POHCH
FU LHOED HKLSZGOH HJLNHGO L COC OLE[N HQU EGS]GO XHJ LWONH DOD RLL[DUG ]C CHSOQ DH]NG [LGIG L[ L[DF
H[LDJD GCH[O RLSQ CS] CO [] C[QEG L[QCQ [ZG MH]Q RN GC[S PEH IL ZQTG L[DFQ GC[S GI H[LW DHL
HJLNHGO DLLJ GSHEQ [DF
[CHDQN >H]U[O G[HZ GSLC ]LLC GCS [QHON@ G[HQE GCS RLLL[DUG ]C CHSO [HTC ONG L[DFO GC[S QQH
GCS ]LON] GUQG FHF [QC DHLN OUH HLOU [C H][H]H G FES MOHG CHG [C TH[HZLWCD CO PC ELZ PLJTW TH]D
CZQD [CD]SH PL]CS
DHJ] CO CHG DH]NG KW LN VC CKJ HLOU C] CO [QHO FHQO] HLSW PLS]Q HOLWC OHNL
[HZQ HGIH GJNH] ]UD H[DJ ]C PLONGO CO G[GIC RCNQ PLQNJ HFQO HG[NI]H MWSD RHHU HO
EQT RCNQ PLSW ]SDOGF HCO PLSHC[ GQN HSQ RNH E ]O PDQ[O ]HHYQG [WT LWU H[DJ LSW ]SDOGO G[GICG
]L[Z P EQT LWU GJNH] PHZQD CO N G[H] GFLWZG GJNH] ]UD PC [QHJH OZH Q[ MHSLJG [WT H RLHCO
FL PLLJ XWJ [WTO GJL]W HKE XD[O ]HDC REQ UUH FHUH H ]HUF [WT
MH]Q GCDG HI COC GJNH] RLC GJNH] [FE GID RLC [DN PLSW ]SDOGD [DHU GQ FDOQ GC[SH
HQU [DFLH H]DHKO COC HO [QHC HSLC HULFHGO ML[Y JLNHQG IH ]HUF PDQ[G D]N HQNH GDGC
C[ZLUQ GJNH] ]HYQ RCN RLC ]HS]Q HLSWH JLNHQ PC RN OUH GN[ RHODH ]JSD
CS
]UF VTHL
HSLC CKHJG JNHQ GI RWHCD L[G GJNH]Q GI [KWS HD VIHS HC HOOZQ GOGN MNO PUKG HGIH
LN JLNHGO UFHL LQ GIG [HFD L PC HGQ] RNO [WCH H]DHKOH GDGCQ ]UDHS GJNH]G [HDT
]QC LWU GJNH]O LCS] CLGH PDOD ][HQ CG] ]HL[DG ]DGC PLJLNHQG OU ]OKHQ GOHFE GDHJ
ILKL PLHFZ UUH FKN CYLH DZULO
HLSW RLDOGO PLD[D HSJLNHL RLS]Q HLSWH L[ D]N GQH
]HS]Q HLSW PLD[D OLE[N COC CZHF HCO P MHSLJGH PDQ[G RHOD
PE UH ILKL PLHFZ [WD [LW DHLNH
L[G UF] P PLLJ XWJ LWU
CO PC PL[HQC PL[DFG GUSYD PE L[G PLS]Q HLSW HGL CO FHDN M[F L[WH JLNHGO UFHL LQ RLC H[QC MQGD
PLD[D CO JLNHGO UFHL LQ RLC UHFQ RN
LCSE [DF HD GCH[ L]LLGN L[W OCLOQE RD[ OYC HLOU ODHZ L]LLG
MH]Q GS PLUD[C RD H]HLGD G[H] FHQOO CD [JC LCSE [DF CDLZU [D CYQLL RN]LG COWLL [DFG
GOHFE ]HLSUH ZJHF
CHDO [JCQ GLG PLQUWOH ]LSHOW GU FU ]LSHOW GUQ ]HQLHTQ ]HUD HFQOQ GLG GSHHNG GC[SH
CHG DHJ GLG L[HS RD RSJHL [ MC HQYU RLDO HSLD HFHQLO OU [IHJ GLG LSWQ GUHDZG GUD HLSWO
MNOH Z]H COC LFHQLO OU [IHJ L]LLG [QHC GLG CO ]DNU]S GQO HO [QHC GLGNH OLLKQH OYU]Q
CHDO DNU]QG FLQO] ]HZOGO EGSQ PGO GLG LN H]HZOGO GHYQ GLGH OCLOQE RD[ OYC HLOU ODHZ GLG
UFLHGL RD CDLZU LD[ FLTJ GLG GQN GC[ ]HLZOQ MNH MN HO FUHSG RQID [FQG ]LDO
CWLFU LQS GQO CO POHNQ GOHFE GHSU [Q [QCF CWLFU GQO GHSUF ]LFHQ COH GLO [QC
P]HWLFU RLSUO GQO N PG L[G GQO CO PLUS PG [CN PE ]HEGSGH ]HFQ [CD RHFO PL[WQG HD]N GID CYHLN
FJ HGLOCQ D]NQ QU L RLDG ]SZ] EWT PLLJG WS U PHZQ OND KOJHQ OON GI RLC LN PC PL[JC PL[DF OU
E[HDISLE L[EO HGUF MLN[F OND [QCQ GE G[H] FHQO] GCULD[ L[IU LDC DQ LTHT DJ TLESD [I[EG LHFJ QU
C [HCD
GDJ[GD U
GQO CD GQO CO MH]Q GQO CO WUC ]HYQDH G[H]D PFC ZHTUL POHUO
GZ RL[FGSTD CDHQD
FSUO [HCD ML[Y GSLQ GLO CZWS LCQ GLO [UYQ CO GLFLFOF RHLN [DT [Q HG]LDFF GCNGD
MN OU C[GQG GQ] [DNH CKLO OYSDS C[EGQ
FNH PLJ[HCG RLED H]CH LCSTNCG PLKKHZ]Q LCSTNCG ]C HG]LDFF GCNG [WO L CQ C
PU REHGN CO EGS]QG LCTSNCD [DHFQ HL[DF V[H]H OQ[N GL[C D[G O H[QCQD IS] IHQ] RLUQG XDHZD U D
ODLZ LQD [DHFQ O[GQ [LW PLQUW GCQ FU GJNH] ]QFHZG CLEHTD HQNH@ HGUQ OU G]U K[J]QH DH HJ[HC
MHQTO [WC GUQG ][QHJ O OHDEG HGQ PLQNJG HZOJSH >GJNH] ODZQ HSLC LQD COH CKJH [IJH G]UD GJNH]G
LSLUD [WC H]CO GNG PC HOLWC HLON OLWG HC HQYUD HGNG CO ON ]JC GUFOH GLSTNCG ]C DHIUO COH H]K[J OU
DHIUO ML[Y RLCH GOTNO DHL CO MHQTO [WC K[J]QH D PC MNOG MN ON [HQJ GI GUQ RLC LCG H]HC
HSC ]ODHZQG GFQG RQ GOUQO P]LSTNC LOUD PU PLDLKLQ HLG PLQNJG LN GC[S TD ]HQHZQ GQND RLLYO L E
CS EN QD HU RLHFZ U LZOJ PHO]D HC PHO] COO HJ[C]G PL]UO RN]LH HJ[HCO J[CQ RLD GZLID GD PLOLE[
MOLCH QU DQ] [D ODD LC[HQC [WTD GI ON GC[G [CN DOZ RLOHJ JI RL[FGST
DS
IK VF RLN[U
HD[]L ]HSQHC G]HCD RQIG M[C]Q ONN LN HL]HDC ]HSQHCQH H]HSQHCQ PFC GSL CO RLSQ
PGLFL ]HSQHCD PGLSD LSDH PGLSD HJLOYL FLQ] PLOOW]Q PLSQHCG DH[G LW OU LN LQS LC PL[LNQG
HDO DKLLH GD XZ HSLC HI GNCOQD HLSLU J]W RHLNH H]HSKZD HL]HDC ]HSQHCD OE[HG LWO LQS LC
UFLHGL RD GOHWN GNCOQ HFL ]J]Q CYLH GD
PSHONH PD]NN
L[QCF ON LQLLZF LO L]L] [QC GLD LOHLO C[WT D[ OU OJ C[WT D[F GHJC LQLF D[
H[LDJ O H]DHKD PFC [WTL OC POHUO ]QLLZQ LQ OC RSD[
ICH H]HUO FJC [DFD ]HFLTJ ]FQ HLOU ODZO GOHJO GOHET L LN H]DHKO HSHHN GC[SH
UFLHGL RD CW[]] LFN HI ]HFLTJ [HQO MQYU OU ODZ] [QHO HSHHN RNOH CW[]L GI ]HNID
GU G]HCD HI GNOGD CZHF HZTU UHFQ UU
JLNHGO UFHL GIG [HFD L PC LSGLQ] DU
LN JLNHGO LHC[ PFC ON HCO LN HLNU O GIG [HFD RN ON H[HFD ]CI [QC CDLZU LD[ PCH
O JL[ LCDQ CHG PE VC H]JNH]D OLUHQ HSLC LF CO LIC JLNHGO LHC[ HSLC JLNHQGN
]HU[ ]HFQH PLU[ PLUQG O U[JL[G [[HUQ CHG H]JNH] LU LN H]JNH] PLUQHG ]HQSG
RLILIQ RLC RQI ON DHK HSLC JL[ HO L [DF GILC JSHQ HQN PJLNHQ CHG PLSCG O
U[JL[G RL[[HUQ LIC [DFG H]HC ILIGO RLOLJ]QN ODC U[JL[G RLLE[Q RLC [DFG H]HC
HOCD PLLHO]G ]HQOHUG ONQ UWG ZTWS GI LFL OUH PGO ]HQSG ]C LOJQ CHG GI LFL OUH
CJ CSLS] R[GHQ LKHZO ]HQSG
GLGL CO ]HNOG [CH PHDLO ZZHI HSLC RLSUO G[H]D [WHNH [QHQ RLFD LCS] GID L FHUH
ZHSL]NH PLTHSCN LDLJ PGLFLQO]H PGLSDF EG PL[QQ ]HNOGQ EW Q[G D]N HQNH THSC
OOJO VCH H]HLJGO HSC RLHHYQH OHFE OON Z[W L[D [QCFN RD[Z CLDQ GDS ZHSL]H GDS
H]OYG OLDD ]DG HLOU
ODZQ HSLC [JC COC H]CSO RLC[ RLCF D]N ]HUF ]HNOGQ HW ]HLSHQLLQ ]HGEGDH
CQUK LCGQ PLU[G ]C DHGCO GHYQF RLOHQ L[EG PD D]N FTJ ]DGC [WT VHTDH GJNH]
RSLSLLFH JLNHGO RLUFHL HSC RLC GJNH] PFHZ CHG HSOYC LN RLODHO Q[GQ ]DH]Q RN CLDGH
]HNOG [C RLSUO RNH PHDLG RQ [HKWO GID RHFO HSO [WC LC RNOH RLTHSCN HGO
D LTHT FHLD CHIJG RHO
KS QD ]UF VTHLD RLHYQD U HSSQID HDS ]HZHSL] RLFD FHU
FTJ ]DGC [WT VHTD CDK C]LSE[Q PLLJ XWJG RHO HIH
]UFO [HTLC L [HQE U[D VCH CS] CO F HCOQ [GIGOH PHOG [JC VHF[OH H[LDJ ]DHKD OF]GO
GLG JLNHQ HO GLG PC CQ JLNHGO UFHL LQ GIG [HFD RLCH HJLNHG CO RQI ON H]HCSO RLOHQ P[GQ
HG[IUL HLOU PLQJ[ ZDL Z[ HQHZQO ULE] FU M[DJ ]C RLF] OC DH]N HQN HO P[E U[G HUDKH ODZQ
GQO GDH] OU G
ES
]UF VTHL
[DN LQD Z[ PL[QCS PSG RGLSLF L[QHJH POHN ]HCSG ON LN PLWLTHQ ]JC G[CG HT[ GLC[G ]H[ECD NNH
CDLZU [ ]HFU LW OU HSLSWO ]H[HF GQND COH GIG [HFD HSO RLC [CNH GJNH] ]HYQ HD HSQLLZ HSO L[D
]LDH ]JFSG [LU G[HQH [[HT RD ][WN RG ]HUS PLJC ]CSH IEH[O ]HKHSG ]HNOGG ONH JLNHGO UFHL LQ
FCQ CHG OHFE GL[FG O [NGH [N ODZH H[F PHQ HD]NSH ]HLGO PLFL]U COH HLG CO FQO UEHSQG
]C LFHQLO J[HCD GU CHG RHLNH HLWSU OND U[G ]CS ][HDE] LFL OU DHKG RHLDY FLQUQG JOQG CHG LN
[ZLUH OON []GO ]QCD ]LJQG U[O OUHWD JLSQ HSLC H]OHUW
GI RLSUD PLUEHSG PLYHJS PL[DF RCN ELYGO LHC[
HZIJL RW HYYHO]] OC DH]NG [QCQD C[ZO FHUH CFHGLN P[LGIGO L]CD C[HTLCQ LH[WCOH
L[QHH WTD DH]NG [QC PCH HJ G[H] LDIHU PFC LSDQ XYHO]GO CO CHGH HJ PNL]H[THQ
GSHQQG PGO [QC Z[W C[GQD WQNH HNH [HQE ZLFYD RCN OI[ H[QC [DN PD H[E]L G[H]
]HSEOH PLDHKG JDO CHG GHYQ O [HDFG PEG GN[DO ZLFY [NI ZHTW OU OIJ ][F OU
UH POOZL CO NLWUC PLU[G
GFL[LG ]DLT CHG LO PLUHFLG PL[DFG FJC ]HOES ]HOEGN LOND [H[DH LO CKLWF C]OQH
LK[W CHG ]HLGO OONG RQ HQYU L[WQ CHGH PLSD PLCH[Z MN RLDH MN RLD RLSUGH ]HOWGH
H[LWN ]DHL LNSC LQU MH]D [QCQ HGIH PGQU ZOJ HO RLC OC[L ]HOON ]HUWG ONH
GOUQ GOUQ GOULH LSJH[H LQED OC[L ]TSNQ GN[D UW HLOU CHD]H PUSHL UQHOH ZGHIG
X[CG L[W [WT VHTD ZTDKLHHQ QQ[ ZG[GQ D]NQ MH]Q
]D QQH RLHYQ PLTS HLG RQID HQN GLHOE ]L H]JEG RQID COC RLFL[HQ RLF RLCF GC[SH
]HFJHLQ ]HILOSD CHG IC RL[WHNGH ON RLUO ]LC[SG ]LK[W GJEG ]J] [HFG LZLFYH OHZ
]JFG LN HUFL ONG POHU O H[FE PLU[ [HULD GLG ICH ]H[ZWGH ]HHC]O [YLG ]LLKGD
GSHQCG G][NS POUGG RQID ODC POHUD DU[H D[JH [DF CLDQH POHUO ]HLSU[HW CLDQ [HFG
GUQN PGLSLUD LGL GY[WG ]WTHG COC GY[WG [FE GF[HGG GUQD RLC PUG ]OF RQ
HSLOUH RHZL] HD RLC GUD EGHS RLFG RLC RZ]O HSQYU ON RHLNH HJ ]HQLOCH G]JG
IKD FHL LC RHIJ ]UEQ HSLFL GQD G[HC R[ZD PFLQUGOH GDGC ]H]HDUD P[LIJGO
POHC [ZHD [HCN HLN[F OND ZLFYO HQYU DHJ PFCG ZFY []HLG GUQD VC GI LWOH
GOLOJ UH[G ]LON]D GQG LN PLDHJ PLSC OU HSKLDGD RNH MWLGG GOLOJ GOUQO
PLDHKO PLDJS GOUQOH
VC OIJC HQN DHJO PLNL[Y HSQYU OU HSLOU GDHKO HSLOU CDG RLFG PHL PFHZ G]U RNDH
GQG LWUCH D]ND G[H]GQ GC[SN U[N MLSLUD GLG G]C ZLFY PL[QHC HOHN POHUG ON
PLUD]S HLG PGO DHKG LFL OU ]HDHK ]HHYQH PLDHK PLUQ []HLGH PLZLFY []HLG PLUD]S
OYCH U[O DJS GDZG OYC CHG GQ LWN L]QCG DHKG ]SJDGH ]SDG ZQHU LWO [CD
ONHL GOUQOH PFC LSD LSWO OON [NLSH GC[S CO RKZ [DF VC POYC CYQS PLU[ []HLG
P]HZFY DH[D POHUG ]HDC HNI CO PL]HNID ]HNIO
GLZSGH G[HGK []HLG GFQGH OUWQGD VC HQYU FHJO ML[Y HQYUO UEHS GQ [ZLUG RN OUH
PLQO U[ PLHUG PLU[G OU VC PHLO PHL OLFEGO HSLOU ]HL[DG ]DGC ]CI ]QHUONH
FS
IK VF RLN[U
GOW] LFQ HSQYU OU GDH]G ]N[D MH]D P[HDU GDH]G OU OOW]GO Z[ HSLOU ]HL[DOH
P]HC [GKOH MNIO ]HDHKG HS]HFLQDH HSLUQD HSQYU ][NGO CLQF C]ULTD GNIS IC GOW]D
PL]UD ZHZLIG ]LON]D
KN[ QU DJ RHWYG [HCD TWFHQ LC[EG HSDO GZFHDOTQ CDT G OZSLW YS[EG D]NQ MH]Q
L]LLG LFL OU CDLZU GZO PLQUW GD[G X[CH PLQ LOU LSC FLUQ L[HS RD RSJHL LD[ [QCH
>LD VLTHG VL[G ]T[LE@ HD L]WTHG RN ONH >OCLOQE@ LD[D RHUQ RD[ LSWO HLOU ODHZ
GDGC
CHG HO ULFHL LCSEG [DFG ]C GU LQ RLUFHL PC PLFLQO]O [QHO FQOQG LC[ PC [DFDH
UHGLO GDZG [QCF CGO RHLQFG VC U[G RHOD HOLZL PH[EL GIF RN ]HUO [UHNQ [DF
PLLHZLH O[HEG LFL OU HQYUD UFHL L[G P]GF LQF CO EQ VF RL[FGSTD MO LSC [HKOLF LNH
SUL GI LFL OU PHQ GQO GJNH] ]SHHNO GI GLG PC RNO UFHL CO [WC CNGH SHUG
CDLZU GZO PLQUW GD[G SDL[ [QC IK VF RLN[UD HSLYQFN [L]GO MLL GLG PN[F HDLKLLH
UFL M[YHGH GQO GJNH] HI G]LG LLU LD[D OCLOQE RD[ LSWO HLOU ODHZ L]LLG LFL OU
OLDD GLG OCHQO [QC D[ [D CLLJH CSHG D[F CFDHU PE CHG LCFH RNH OCLOQE RD[ GIQ
LFN D[GO [WTO HQYUQ [[HU]QN GI MLL CG ODC GI UFL OCHQ M[YHG GJNH]GO
PG PLFLQO]GN VC GSHEQ [DF PLUFHL PC HO H[WTL HLFLQO] OU [HIEL D[GN COH HJLNHL
GI MLL CO RN ONH PLOHFED VC GQO CHG OOND DLJGO MLL CO HSOYCH POHU LOHFE
EZ DJ FHL GQ ]H[EC MH]Q PLSKZD
GDGC MH]Q PC LN GI RLC PLZOCG HS]LD MH]D HS]HF[O CD GI LQ MDDOD [QC] LNH
CD[HY ONF LO L]L]H WS ]DGC PLQNJG DHGCO GSJSC LQC RKDQH DCN LSOFE L[HUSQ LN GDJH
HSLD[ HS]FQOH G[HG ]OZOZQ GDGC JLNHGO LHC[ LSSLC L]UFL PCH LCWHEN LO DLDJ RSD[Q
GHZQ LSCH PHZQ ONQ JLNH] [QHO FHQO] RLSQ D[O FLQO] FLQO]O D[G COC LO RLC JNHG
IN[ EJ XD] UUH FY DL[G ]H MH]Q L[HS RD RSJHL LD[ [QCFN GDGC LD VLTH] MQQ
PLKDGQ OHEOE GLG ]HNOQ LEH[GQ GLG [C VTHL RD CDLZU L]UQ LN ]HLGO OHNLH
GDGC PG HWLTHG CO GQ PCKJ RZ]LH HNH GDGC VLTHL LFN GZOS RNOH HFL OU PCKJ RZ]SH
D CJ HLI I[O [THQH GQNJ VTHLO
HQOHU ODLZ RL[HTL COD PHL PLUD[C HLOU H[DU ON RL[HTL ]LON] RNLG FU
FL]UO RNH CDLZU LD[ Z[W ]DD OI H[QC HQN OC[L O PJ[N OUD G[H]G R]S LG
GDH] L[HG[G HO JOH LG K[W ON OYC RNH PNLOU MHOQC GZIJ FLD [QCS HQN
GSNG ML[Y GIO PE Z[ HSHY[Q COH HJ[N OUD PLQ ]HNOQ OHU ]ODZ O ]HDJQH
JLQG ]CLDO HSL]HOEH G[H] R]QO GSNG PL[YQ ]HOE G]LG HQN ]YZ C]]OF C]H[U]CH
ON ML[Y MNOH JOH RL[HTL CHGH ]LG FYQ RN PE CHG GSNGG HJ[NOUD GNHOQ O GIO
HS ZLFYG ]ZFY MH]Q RLN[UD H[QC HQN PL[HTLO FJC
GS
]UF VTHL
XLDOCHQ J[EG [THQ ]HJL EN QU CJ RHWYG [HC W DJ [THQH GQNJ ]UF UU RL[HTL ]LON] RLSUD FHU
DO] IL FL
GHZQ [HULN ]HU TZ]] PGH PLDDHG LQL RNH GDH] LQL ][UH OHOC FJ LQLN PLUD[C FHT OUH
QU ZFY [DHF UUH UFLHGL RD [WTD U RLEHO TZ]] PG GCT PLUD[C G[GK
IL VF
FHQUO RLOHNL RLC RLFD DZULH ZJYL PG[DC PU GDZG CD COQOC [QHC OHFEG [IULOC LD[ CLS]
ODLZ PL[HTL COD PHL PLUD[C HLOU H[DU ON HS[QC LWO RCN ]CI CLDG GC[S GJNH] LSWQ
[QCQ CLDG MN OU ]HQOHU LSO GNHI PL[HQEG PLZLFYG RQ CHG CQ