RN UQQ GSQG RHO RLCH [SLF ]WTH]D GFHW HQYU JUDG UQQ PH[E HSD[H L[WQ D
TH] PLOUDG COC
H[LWOH FZGO [CS COC GFHW HSLC FZGG RQ OHWNQ []HL DHJG GLG [CN RL]LS]QF CS]O VCH
RHLFW COO FZGG RQ PLDHE LSG
ON ]C GFHW GIDH DHJG OU []HQG FESN FZGO R]L GFHWG DHJG RQ GDH[Q FZGG GLG C
GI RLFO PLFHQ PH[E HSD[H L[ PE [WCH TH]G HD]N RN DHJG ]C POQH FZGG
L[ ]UFO D]N LQ LH GFH] JDI GSQG L[DFQ [DFO J[NG RLC PH[LW LWO LWUC
PL[HCDH PLHFJ PLTNSG []HQ FDOQ FZGG FLQ ]HFWO [SLF FHU VLTHGO ML[Y
FZGG RQ GDHE JUDG PCG PLFZGH RLOKOKQ COC ]HUZ[Z GHOO RLC [CN HZW]TS TH]G D
COFH EZT ILZ RJG ]HYZD [ZLUO KZS RNH GKHS P]UF GIOH RHLFW LU
PSLC RLOKOKQ COGH KHLFGG RQ UH[E FZGG RLC D]N JL GHOQ MOQOGSQGN
UUH PL[HCDH PLHFJ LZL]HWC PCU RLOKOKQD Z[ TH]G ]SHHN PL[WQ LH PLFDU]Q
LGZ ]HSHLOED
C[ZLUQ OJ FZGG RLC RHLN FZGG RQ GDHE GW OU GHOQD HOLWC JGHYZD D]N FHUH
EGS[ QHJ KWQG ]HDL]SH M U POHCH D DHJ ]LLDE PL[WCGSJQG ]UF RNH [NQO LQF COH
GZT ILZ RJG ]HYZD [LUG [CN CEOW FU ZHOLJ H[LNIG CO HI GNOG HCLDG UHGH [HKG E
GUZFUZ DDD [CD]S LFLD LSHOWO GSQ [QCH HLTNS ON LFZG U[Q DLN
FUZ P DHJ OUDOH GDH]NO RODZGH D[UG ]HFDU]G
FN E N P LW F
"PFLD PL[LCQ GQ PSNQQ [DIEG RLN[U LDLLJ C IO
"OOND HSLC GQH HFZG OOND GQ HLTNS ]C [NHQG HC LFZQG D
PLONQ HC H]JWQ LSD ]HTNQ PLOKHS PCG PLTNS HSQQ PLOKHSN HQYU ML[UQG HC HLTNS LFZQG E
"P[HDU JZO
"FZGO H]HC PLQ FYLN PLDH[Q HLQF HLGL RQI [JCO HC [JC PHZQDH RCN PLKUHQ HLQF XWJ F
"LQO ]HFZG P]T G
]UYHQ GKQ FJ [U PLS ]HTNH PHL PLO RHIQ PGO PLS]HS P]HC PLSNQQ LWUC RLN[U LDLLJ C
]HUQ HO PL[LCQ HFLD HOOG PL[DF RLC PCH MN[UQ HGLLJG MN[UQ CHG MQ PCH HLOW]H HLOFST
HO PLS]HS RLC ODC PL[WQ PFCO PLLJ[NG HOC PL[DF LN ]HSQHC LONO PLQHF PSLCH L[ P]HSZO
PLCLYHQ GTW] HOLWCH H[FSO PFZ HLSDOH H]CO ]HSHIQ DHLJ LWUCH CHG HLSDOH H]C LN[Y LFN
CWT GHOQ PDQ[U GSQQ
COH HO PL[LCQ G[H] [WT Z[ PL[QHC LH HL[WT HO PLS]HS PNJ FLQO]O PL[QHC L
HOLWC HFLD PL[LCQ RLC PL[WT CLG PLZTHWG ]QNTGH C ]HQH[]G OUD U PL[WT [CQ
GFH] JDI LWU G[H] [WT
PLS]HS [NLCO [QHC [IULOC LD[ H]HSQHCO M[YSG RLQH RLQ ONQ ]HSQHC LON LS HO PLS]HS RQHC GLG
>JL OLUOFN G]HC HO PL[LCQ H]SLWT ][NGQ [N]QG PFCO RLFG CHG@ H[HQJ [QJO HFQY HO
HFLD PL[LCQ ]HSQHC LON OOND COH PLTNS OOND HOC PL[DHTH PLZOHJ PLQNJH
JQZ
RLN[U ]NTQ PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
RWT RNH PL[JC ]HQGDD H]FHDU FHDUO OHNL LSWQ PQUK GC[SH JLE RLN[U PDQ[
PLQNJN GNOG
P[NO RQHCG M[F RLC FNH ]H[ES LON NCQ PL[JC ]SLWTD
]HUQ HO PL[LCQ RLCH []LG LONG ]C [NHQ LFQ KUHQ FJC RLQH HN[Y LFNQ GDH[Q FJC RLQ HO GLG
MND HO LF GLG G]U FU L[G KUHQG RLQG RQ JZLO
]ZOHJG GUFQ LZHWCO GFH] JDID MQ] RNH VTHL LZHQS FJC RLQQ LON OON HO RLCN RLFG CHG C
ODC OHJO ][JC ]HTN HO PLS]HSH HSQQ P]HC PL[LDUQ LQ LFED RHEN FHDN LHDOQ HO HLG D
U[E COF HQUKH DHJ OUD RLSUO C GHOH GHOQ NNH IKE RLN[U PDQ[ PLDHK PLQLH ]H]DO CO
IKIO RLN[U FL]UG GH[U ]HL[DO M[KY] OCH OHJ M]D GU Q
>UOTQ ]HJW RLN[UD RLC L[GH@ UOT HFLD [CS CO OSG PL[DFG HFLD H[LCG [JCO PC E
[DFD ZW]TS ]QC ]WDH KS MHSLJ ]JSQ L[QEO [KWS HFLD [HL H]HCQ UOT LFNO PLOGH
ELZ QDD DLLJO PLYWJH PLON [HFLTD PLWTHS PLK[W
RLSUO RG HLTNS LFZQ RLSUO RG LTNS OOND RLOW] HOLWCH HO L GQ ON PLJZHO HLTNS ON LFZQG D
P[NHQG
ROGOFN PQO JZO PLFEDD COH FZGG OOND HLSD LFEDH H]C LFED RLC ODC
UDYD CO PEH HO PSLC L[G HLSDH H]C ]HTND ]HNI HO RLC HQYU ML[UQG FJCH HLTNS LFZQG FJC E
PQO JZO PLFJ PLOFSTD COH PQO UDY
CO [QHON PLOZO ]LOE[Q GGL CO CHGG PHLD MN[UG ]C R]SH H]UH HQHZQ COC FZGO RLC F
GQ LWO COC R] P [NQL] CLG PLQFG LWOH M[NO G]HC GOUG [QHO LSUH OZ PFCO [DIE GSGL
DHLN ON RNH PLQ HLNUH RCN GH CLG
PLIL[NQ RLF ]LD HSLS COG UZ[Z ODC FLQ PL[NHQH PLQ PLFDUD HC RLOKOKQD CZHF C
OU PLIL[NQN VC GC[SH NKLE PDQ[ TH] LWU GLQF ]HOUGO LFN PHL PL
]HUZ[ZG PC PE []HL PLSL]QQ RLC ODC HLNU GH UZ[ZG GQN [UO LFN HGI UZ[ZG
PL[HCDH PLHFJD PE UH ]QC ]W [ZLL]GO PLF]U]Q
COC CQH ]UN HO LN COC [HQC HSLC H]UH HQHZQ COC FZGO RLC GI OON GC[S D
FCQ PLKUHQ PLQF HO L PC VC LOHC HC@ PLQF HO RLC G]U PC ODC MN ON GD[ GSLC
CG ]HQH[] LQOH[LG LWU CHQ DJ [IULJC ]HD U PLSL]QQ >OON L]QCG HN[UO TJLD CO
GO FZ ]LDG ZFDO ]HFZG P]T G
CO G[HQ]D U JDIQO ]HLHC[G ]HQGD P HLG
GN
KQZ
FN VF LULD Z[W
"RHLFWG RLSUOH FZGG ]HOJ RLSUO ROGOF PLSWHCD GIHJC GF LFZQG O HSLF GQ JO
ODHLG [JCO GSHC[ GSD OHCEO CDH LFZG C
GUYQCD HC GSG ]OLJ]D ODHLO ]L[LUG GSD OHCEO CD D
ODHLG LSWO PLL]SQ ]HJW OHCEO CDH LFZG E
GQYU ODHLG ]SD LFZG F
]UF VTHL
]LDO PLUOT PLQJ R]HS GS G]HCD G]HFWO CDH ODHLG [JCO GSHC[ GSD GIHJC GF LFZQG C
PL[HU [HN [QHJ U[I
E ]HC GN VF ZQKD C[G NNH S ]H[HND LWU L[ U U[NGO KH[KH[WO VTHS RHLFSHW R]HSH
FJLD PLUOT PLQJ R]HSN CQ PLFFYQ LH PLSGN ][H]O PH[LWD XSCQ [GH FDC[G NNH
RCN PH[E HSD[ RHOD UH S ]H[HNDD TH] LWU RHLFSHW VLTHQ HSLC
GI LWOH RHLFWG ]TNQ DHLJD GSHC[ GSN ]DJS GQYU ODHLG ]S >PLQNJN COH LD[N@ D[ ]UFOH
FDOD PLUOT U]H PLUD[C R]HS ODHLG [JCO GSHC[G GSD GFHWN
]H[]HSG PLSG [WTQ LWN ]HSHLFSHW PLUD[CH PLUOT PLUD[C R]HS ODHLO ]L[LUG GSD OHCEO CD D
LW OU DJH G]OLJ]D CD HOLCN GSG UYQCD CD PC RLFG CHGH GSO RHLFSHWH UOT RHDJ LWO
PLFJ DJQ G]C LCH DJQ G]C PLS ][]HSG
b
PLSG
LW OU UH[LED COH VTN PLQJD GFHW G]HFWO CD PCH GHFZ ODHLG LSWO PLL]SQ ]HJW LFZG E
GWHTN COC GSG ]OLJ]N DJS HSLC GSG UYQC GI RLSUOH PL] PLS KHULQ ][]HSG PLSG
LFZG PC MNOG PHZQ ONQ RGNG HO DJH LHDL[Q GN H[F HJHHL[O PLFJ DJQ FZGG LN
GFHW HSLC DH ODHLG ULEG PCH OZ PLQJD [HN ]LD GFHW ODHLO ]S GTSNS [JCO
CO L[G ODHLO PLS L]Q ]HJWD LFZL OCH HLTNS OU TJ PFC CGL GDHK GYU CS]G HSULQGH@
>PLSGNO KOJL] ODHLG FU GFWL CO PCH UH[LED ]HFWO ONHL
FDC[GH PLFJ DJQ GYH[ PCH [DIE O H]UFD [DFG LHO] D]N JF RLN[U PDQ[G
HELG
PSLC D[ L[DF C[QED [CHDQ@ GSHLFWO PLQJ R]HSH GHFZ D[ L[DFO ODHLG ]SD HGF LFZQG F
ODC OOND GQYU ODHLH ODHLG ]SQ RCN VC ]HOHDEG OOHN QH FU [WQ LD[ ]KLO COC PL[HQC
]SQ [QCS CO RHLN LD[O HOLWCH GHFZ GSLC [QC OCHQH >OON ODHLD GHFZ GSLC PLQNJO
[QHJH OZ ][DT PHQ PEH L[ ]SD [QHO HO GLG RN LOHOLC OOND ODHLG ]S RLC UQQ FU
RLF HSLC GFZ]S CO RLLFU HI RHUQ [N RHLFW COOH ODHLD PLSGNO ]CYHL GHFZ [DN HI GQH
TH] LWU FZL] CO
O WNGHLO G[ RLD ODC CDG GSG C[ FU PL[HWNG PHLQ ]DJS GI RLSUO ODHLG ]S C
ZYH IGN[D LWU TH] OCHQO VC GHFZ ODHL
GSLC ODHLG ]S GNOGO PHQ PC OOND GI VCH PLSLFD H]HQN GNOG PHQ PC@ OCHQN ZTW PDQ[G D
H[W GQ LWO POHCH >OOND FUH FU HL[DJ FESN LD[N GNOG RLC PHQ PC RCNOH RCNO GOHU
LD[N PLKZHS PC GI LWO [QHJH OZ G ][DTD GLHO] OCHQH D[ ]ZHOJQ [Q[GQ TH]G
LWU GHFZ LGL[GH [QHJH OZ G GJFS PDQ[G WNH ODHLD GLQF PLS]HS PLSGNG GFHGL
D[N ZL]UG GSQG H[LWD PDQ[G [LUGO L JDIG ]N[D
GN VF
"[JC PFCDH PLOUDD GIHJC GF LFZQO RHLFWG [HUL HGQ C KO
"GFG ]LLFWD PLDJ]Q PG FYLN GFD PLUOTH PLUZS D
"ODHLD GFG RLF GQ PFC ON [C HC PLSGNG RQ FJC HC HDH[Z HC HSD HC CHG GOCEH GIHJC GF LFZG E
SZ