CYHL CHG COG [YZG GON [JCO HS]HS PC [YZG FESN COC R]HS HSLC PLFHQ ONG LJOD E
R]SHGL HSD[ FJC FYD LHDQO XHJ
GFHEC C[ GYLJQ PHQ CLG L[G GIN RHTNOCD R]LO OHNL ONG L[DFO J]WG ][HYH
K J PLWF
"LJOG FESNH LHDQG ][HZ ]J] Q]GO []HQ PCG EL
LZO RD [H LD[ [D RHUQ LD[H OCHQ G[HZG ]J] Q]GO []HQ H[QC RSJHL LD[H CLLJ LD[H D[
JHL[ OCH ]LOQ[NN RHFLS G[HZG ]J]H PLLJO RLD JHL[ LSWO LCNI LD[ GS RNH G[HZG ]J] Q]GO [HTC H[QC
[NLG PHQ [WS PC RLD GYLJQ PHQ G[HZG PUK [WS PC RLD P]ZHOJQ C[QED H[WH C[DO LS] ZHW
PLSWDQ CHG [NLGG PC HZOJS HC RHYLJG GFHJ HC P]HTH F[HL G[HZG O LQLSWG GFHJ PCG HZOJS RN]L
XHJDQ HC
CHDLH HGQD CHG LJO PHQ [HTC L[ LJOG FESN [QHON PLLJO RLDD PLFHQ ONG CFTJ D[ [QC
LJOG FESN [THC LLDC CLEHTD [CHDQH [D UUH TH] HJO RLC JWK GDJ[ G[HZ ODC CLYHGO
DHJ PHZQ HSLC FLJLG ]H[O OKD CHG PHQ GUD[C HD RLCN [L]Q CD[H GUD[C DJ[ HSLC HOLWC
[HULSH HSLQ ]C RLQ CYQ [HTC ]LOQ[NO JH]W ODC PLD[G ]H[O JH]WG J]WD CZHFH HQYUO
GHQN DHJ PHZQ GUSH XHJD ]LOQ[NO HWH[LY LFL OU ZIJ]Q PLJWK F HD RLC J]WG MH] [QHON
OHKOKG [HTCO
]H[O JH]W LHDQG [CN PLLJO RLDH G[HZG ]J] Q]GO []HQ VL[G D]N GNOGO C
ZTW GI[GH FGT JHC FN CEQ L[G ]H RCN PLSHC[D U PLZTHW [C HKZS RNH PLD[G
RLD [DHT UQQ L ROGO CSHG D[ L[DF ]QL]TQ PE GYLJQ PHQ LJO LN LJOG FESN [HTCO LLDCN
GUD[C DJ[ HSLC HOLWC [HTC PLLJO
CD[O HOLWC [HTCO CLEHTG KW LW OU HD]N CDKL[GH R[GH TH]G GUD[C DJ[ LJOG GLG
ZTW RNH >GUD[C PLDJ[ PLUS FHDO RLF LFL OUH GIO GI PLNHQT PLLJO LS HLG HOLWCH@
GUD[C DJ[D HOLWC [DHT HQYU CD[ RDQ[G [CD LWN [L]GO KZS UQQ VL[D HOLCH IHCD
CD[G ZTW RNH []HQ
GI RLF CLIL ]D PDQ[G ]UFO LJOG FESN Q]GO [HTC ]LOQ[NO JH]W LHDQG GLG D
FDC[G HOLCH FGT MH[U RJOD CHG RNH CD[G ZTW RNH G[HZD RG LJOD RG [HQC
PC ZHOLJ RLC RLFG RQ GL]J] GQ ][]Q CLG G[HZD ODC [HTC LJOD CZHF HKZS R[GH
C[H TH]H L[Q JNHQ GC[S RNH C[ VL[G L[DF MH]Q UQQ RNH ]LOQ[NO HC [G[O GNHQT
GDJ[ G[HZG PC K[WDH [IHUG RDCD ZTW RNH OZGO [CG FFYQ RNH OGCD K ]DD RDQ[H
INZT GT DSQ LWU GUD[C
PHZQ CHG LSWQ [L]GO PLSHC[G HFFY CD[ L[DFO PLLJOG RLDO PLD[G ]H[Q GTSNG E
R[GH CD[G LHFJD U [HTC ]HYLJQ E VZHQ CHG RHLN CQ HC [HKW
Q]GO [HTC J]WG ][HY ]J] PE [WC LJOG FESN Q]GO ][THCG GUFG LWO F
]HYLJQ RGL] LSWQ G[HZO GQHF J]WG ][HY [WCH LJO HQN HLDUO [HUL RLCH [JCQ
PLSHC[G ]ZHOJQD HI GOC GO] DLYSG LHFJD
GOZ
]UF VTHL
"ROGOF PLSWHCD LHDQG ]C G[LNQ G[HZG PCG FL
XHJ LWON LHDQGQ GNHQ G[HZG G]LG C
LHDQG LO]N FU ]UEQ GSLC G[YZ G[HZ D
LHDQG LO]N LDE OUQ ]GDEHQG G[HZ E
D[ RGLDE OU G[HZ JLSGH XHJDQ LHDQ LO]HN LSD ]HFL]L L] XUS RHEN LHDQO XHJQ GSH]SG G[HZ C
F[HL LQLSWG GFHJ PHQ [THCG L[DFO G[HZG ]J] HQL RLSUD PLQNJG ]ZHOJQD ]CI GO] CFTJ
]J] Q]GO [L]QG L[DFOH L[ O]HNO MHQTH ZHDF LQLSWG FHJG L[G []HQ L[ P]HTH
FHDO LFL OU ZTWGG [LNGO QQ GYLJQ GSLCH O]HNGQ Z]HSQ RHYLJG FHJG L[G [HTC G[HZG
LHDQ LDE OU G[HZG CG] ML[Y ONG L[DFO [TC CD[H L[
VL[ CZHF LHDQ LDE OU G[HZ ML[Y GNOG RNH
R[H CDKL[ CD[ HO MHQTD GYHJG CYHL CHGN PE LHDQG ]C [LNQ LJOH
PLJWK GOQ ]HJW UZ[ZD XHUSG GSZ LDE OU GSH]S G]LG RHEN LHDQG LO]HNO ]UEQ GSLC G[HZ D
L]O RG ]JC JH[O RG FHDO PL[QHC ][JC G[HZ CLDGO ML[Y RLC GUD[CQ ]HJW ED[OH PLO]NO
][JC G[HZ CLDGO ML[Y >GUD[C ED[OH@ GO ]HJH[
PE CLG HOLWCH OWG
KHDJ PL[QHC [N PLJWK GO MH]D LHDQ LDE OUQ ]GDEHQG G[HZ E
FHDO PL[QHC GOQ ]HJW LHDQG DJH[Q G[YZ
RLD GOQ []HL L G]U PC HOLWC TJ[EG TH]D JNHQ RNH R[DH CD[G L[DFD [CHDQ C
GOQ ]HJW GLG PLO]NG PU FJC HZD GSH]SH ]OWHQ G]LG HOLC ON G[HZO PLO]NG
FHDOH KHDJ PL[QHC G[N
G[HZG PC COC FHDO RLF MLL RLC [N RLC GI RWHCD >PDQ[G ]UFD@ PL[QHC LH
OG LHOG J[EG LHFJ LWU KHDJ O GNOGG LFL OU GKQO ]DJS G[HZD COH E MH]D GQYU
DL GDH]D CZU[EG ]UFD D LGZD NNH CNG GNHT
GO PLO]NGQ ]GDEHQ CLG PC LHDQG DJH[ ON FESN GNH[C G[HZ PE KZS C[GQG D
RCN Z[H LQ[ KHDJ RLFQ [LNGO D]N DL GDH]D CZU[ POHCH OHTW []HLH PLJWK
GZG CHIJDH EQ []HLD OLUHQ RLC FHDO O ]WTHS GNOG V[YO PLNL[YH G[YZ G[HZG
MH]D ]HLGO GNL[Y O]HNG FU GULEQ G[HZGN PE ]HKLWD HKZS GC[S L ROGO [H FDC[DH HL[DF OU
UYH E
KHDJ [QHO [WC GLG GOQ GOUQO ]GDEHQG G[HZD VC > TH]GN COF@ UQQ R[D E
GOQ []HL KHDJ GD PL[QHC RLC JWK ]HDJ[ RSLC G]HC ]HNQH]G ]HF]LG OOED Z[H
[]HL HOLWC [N UZ[ZD XHUSG GSZD ]NQ]S G[HZG G]LG PC G[HCNO UQQ ILWOH
KHDJ [QHO RLC PL[QHC L POHCH ]HNL[CD UH TSLW FC[G R[G LHFJO [LFGQG [LUG RN GOQ
[HTC O]HNO G[HZG ]H[DJQ ]HF]L RLC PC CTLE MFLCO D]N DLYSG LHFJDH DZUL RHCEH CDKL[U [LHCO
HGOND GOHTW XHJDQ GNHQG G[HZ HQNH OON ]GDEHQ CG]
K VF
"HSLF GQ HN[CO ]HWLY[D PN[U
PLLJOD HWY[ LHDQ HKHOZ
RLDH[LU ]NTQ PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
FESN Q]GO PL[THCG ]UFO CLEHTD [CHDQ GIQ GI PLJWK GO MH]D LHDQG M[HCO PLLJOG [FLT
MH[C FJC LJON PLDJS FJLD PLLJOG ON LSWQ LQLSWG LJOG FHJ FU COC LHDQD Q]GO RLC LJOG
RHYLJG LJOG O LQLSWG HFHJ FU Q]Q GUD[C ED[OH PGLSLD PLJWK GO HLG FHDO PHQ
PLSHC[ RHYLJG LJOD []LS HOHN LHDQG
MQD PLLJOD HWY[ PC COC LHDQG OND Q]GO []HQ LJOG FESN Q]GO [L]QG CD[ ]UFOH
LJO ML[YH LJON COH LHDQN PLSHFLS FHDO LFL OU IOI PLNHQT PG [CN IC LC D[ ]HQC UD[C
CO L[ KZS RN PLLJOG FESN JKG Z[ CO OHKOKD LHDQG ON [HTC VTHS LJO CODH H[L]GO [JC
[QHCG ]UFO ODC LJO PHQ RHFLS HSLC PLSWDQ GHH XHJDQ GC[SG LJO GUFG LWO Z[ GIH H]UHQ LWN
OU VLTHG GQD LN XHJDQ KOHD RHYLJG LJOG [CN PLLJOG FESN Q]GO []HQ LJO PHQ RHFLS
XHJDQ GC[SH OLCHG U[E CO PLWTHS PLLJO LJOG
L K PLWF
"LJO PHQ RHFLS PCG MWGO HC PLSWDQ GHH XHJDQ GC[SG TW HC LJO IK
PHQ RHFLS CLLJ LD[ L[DFO PLSWDQ GHH XHJDQ GC[S LJO PHQ RHFLS XHJDQ GHH PLSWDQ GC[S
RSJHL LD[ KZS RNH LJO PHQ RHFLS HSLC LD[ [D RHUQ LD[ L[DFOH HSD GD[H CSHG D[ HKZS RNH LJO
CLLJ LD[ GS LWN LJO PHQ RHFLS GNOGO HZLTG C]LL[DGQ HJLNHG RN LWUCH
PLTW LSD ][]LSG [YJ RLDH FJC LJOD []LSG LHDQ RLD ZHOLJ RLC CLEHTD [CHDQH
GC[SH [JCG HZOJQ []HL KOHD HLDHUQ ]YZQ H[DJQ THSN FJC HFY O]HN XHJDQ GC[S OOND
HZOJ PLSWDQ COH XHJDQ GC[S HC [YZ LQLSWG HZOJ XHJDQ PLFQHUO COH PLSWD PLFQHUO
[YZ LSHYLJGH KOHD LQLSWG
PLC[S PSLCH J]WD O]HNG LWHWLE PLC[S GOHFED PLFQHUO L[GH GOHFEO GY[WS GSKZ [YJ RHEND RNH
PC POHCH PLSWDQ COH XHJDQ GC[SN [DFG RHFLS GSKZG [YJD OHKOK LDEO L[G GSKZD PLFQHUO
LSWQ ][]LS GSLC PLJWK GO GOHFEG LO]NQ PLEOWHQ PEH GOHFEG MH]O PLTSNS GSKZG LO]HN HLG
GSKZG O PLO]N P]HCQ PLC[S PSLC GOHFEG LWHWLE
LQLSWG HZOJ O]HN RHEND COC XHJDQ GC[S DJS RLC >L[N COF@ C[GH TH]G L[DFO C
PLFQHUO OON GC[S HSLCH GYHJG O]HNG C[D JSHQG LJO ODC LSHYLJG HZOJQ []HL KOHD
[JCQ GI RHEN OLUHQ GOHFEO GY[WS GSKZ [YJD Z[H@ LJO PHQ RHFLS HSLC LHDQG OOJD
C[GQ LWU >CO [YJ P RLC PC ODC GOHFEG [YJO GYLJQ PLHGQ PLWHWLEGH
PHQ RHFLS GI RLC HC[D COH HUYQC FESN LHDQG L[HJCQ RH]S LJOG [CN ]HUFG ONOH
GOHFEO GSKZ LO]HN PLTSNSD C[QEG L[DF LWU PLSHC[ LJO
PL[QHC L XHJ LWON ]HQC UD[C KOHDH MQS PLSWDQ GHH XHJDQ GC[SG LJOG [CN D
PLSHC[D CDHQ FDC[ GYLJQ PHQ COH H[QC LJO PHQ RHFLS LHDQG [LNQ HSLC
PLWHWLEG GSKZH GOHFE [YJ RHEND CZHF MC [LNQ PL[QHC LH FN CDKL[H CD[
GC[S HSLCN LHDQO OLUHQ HSLC ]LOQ[ND HC PLD[G ]H[D O]HN ODC GOHFEG ]C PL[L]Q
PGL[DF ]QL]TH CLGG GF FN TH] LWU OLUHQ HSLC GQYU ]H[ G]HCO HOLWC L[G PLSWDQ
CO MNLWO PHON PLOLUHQ PSLC XHJDOH PLSWDQ PLC[S PSLC PLWHWLEG RHLN OLH ]HQC F MQS HSLC HOLWC
LQLSWO HOLUHL
IOZ