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]C C[Q PGD [LFJQ PFHQO]H OLCHG H[LDJO PFC RLD ]HDL[Q ]HUSHQ PGL]HDHJH G[LQG
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HU[L CO GOHN GLHGG ONDH LJD PFCD PLZISG ][H] O GSHZL] ]LOONG GUHLG GOE]]
CL GLUL PLTNQ PLO PLQN F ]C GUF X[CG GCOQ LN H]LJL COH
IL ROGO CDHQD UU HSHQQ LZISO GL]HE[FQH PFCG WS RLD [ZG OU
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LFL OU H[DJ GF LHOLN GUDQ H[LWH G[H]D FJC ZHTWD PGLS PLOHONH PLH PGLSLF OE[H
[LUGO L MC [DFO ]HLC[H PLTHTLD CLDG U OYI MDY[Q L[GO GSHL GOU GLOE[D ]T[HFH P ]ONHCG H]QGD
RFLF FHQO]N PDQ[G [WQ GSQG H[LWD
L [H DH FJC COC PSLC RLQHO]G LSLF RLSUO PDQ[DH C[QED [HWQN PG PLS OE[H R ]HFOH] ZHOLJ RLSUO LN PCH
G[UG GU LL ]LD [WTD GID U R[Z GLJ[HC HCO H OE[H R HSLLG GLJ[HC RLQHO] LEHT LS ODC ]HDC GO PSQC
PGL]HNOGD PLH PHQ FJCN OE[H R DLJG CS]G OE[G FYLN W[ TH]D GI RLUN D
GSQD RLZLISG ]HDC [FT OU E ROGO UU
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RL CHGN PFCH ]FUHQ R[Z RHEN ZLIGO PN[F PLQUWO ZLIGO RN[F RGD GHG FYG
L[LCQ LWU HLSWQ [QLGOH DOG OU ]HOUO LHC[ PZLIG FU F C[QED
L LCQ CNG RS] ]HCQHK LDE RS] ]D LDE "RGD CYHLN HCO HC RGD CYHLN RGL]HFOH]
L[N COFH VL[G ]KLO C[QEG ZWT ]C [LDTG OYI IL[EG RGD CYHLN HCO RGQ LH RGD CYHLN RGQ
R]HC ON PCG CLG GOCG Z[ PLQHO]D PLDLLJ RLZLISG ]HFOH] C[QEO ZWT GLG CO GI RWHCD
]H[HQC > HNH [G[D OE[H R [HKW CD RHQK [HKW RHEN@ ZLIQH ZLIQ ONO L ]HQLHTQ ]HNOG
RGD GHG FYG GSQG L[DFN FJC CHG ]HDCG ONO L DHLJG FHTL RHLN HC RGL]HFOH] LDEO PE
[WC G ROGO U RGL]HNOG M[HYO COC G[H]D DCH DC ON HK[WS COH MLOU R][LQH ZLIGO RN[F
DCG O LK[WG PG ]J] GSLC ZLIQ ON O GFOH]G HOLCH ]HDCD COC ]HNOGG R]HC H[QCS CO
DCG O LK[WG ZLIQG P OJ GFOH]G OU PE CQ HC HO ]HNOGG LK[W ON ]C GD RLC RN OUH
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PGD CYHLN HCOF FYG LWO [LW GQO ]JSQDH IL[EG H[LWO [HCD ]WTH] GU LL ]LD [WTD UH [HYLZD HL[DF V[H] GI
MFLCO CQEHF HSLYQ POHC@ RHQKD COH PLON OU COH [G[D CO PGD PLDLLJ ]HDCG ON PLSWHCD COC ]HFOH]G HDLLJ]L CO
FDC[D U ]HDCG ]HOHZ COD RLZLISG ]HOONQ HDHLJ FHQOO RN]L RLZLISDCD OONS HSLC [DF IL[EG D]N LWN CTLE
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[WO GC[S G[HCNOH CTSZ CZIS CEOW FQO ZWTG FLQUG PEH ZIS LYJH PO ZIS RLSU COC [LNIG CO VL[G UHFQ UYH
PSLC RLZLISG ON [QHO FY L MN ]DLLJ TSZ PHQ COC RLFG [ZLUQ G[HKW G]OLJ]D R[ZG G[H]D HSLYQ GQQ H]SHHN
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]HFOH] L] LQS LC LFFG LFGD ]HDC L] FLDU HOLCF GSLQ CZWS "GFOH]O DC RLD CNLC LCQH
G[HCNO CFJ COC DLLJQ CO GLFLF GFOH]H DC FLDU HOLCH CFJH CFJ ONC DLLJQ LFFG LFGD
FJC DC O ]HFOH] L] HOLWC CFJH CFJ ONC DLLJQ LFFG LFGD ]HFOH] L] [WO R]LS GLG
RD[ZG L[ D]N HQN DCG ][WND ]JC G[WND [WN]Q HO GFOH]H DC GUN Z[H PL] DLLJ
OU COH GFOH]G OU HDL[ZGH RD[Z L[WGN GFOH]D EEH DCD FLIGN [DFD ]H]HZWS L] VTHL ][HWD UH DCG OU GOHU
OU CLDGO DLLJ DCG OU CLDG CO ON ODC DC OD [KWS COC GFOH]G OU DLLJ PYUD L[G HL[DFD RHFO LH DCG
GD[FD GLO PZ RLFQ POOQ [HKW RHQQ HDLLJQ GUQ GU GFOH]G GU GU G]HCD PC GC[S G[HCNOH GFOH]G
LDY [GH OCHQ ][CW]D UUH DCG DHLJD [KWS COC ]DLLJQ GFOH]G PE LN GLSLQ
DCG RLF RLD ZHOLJ HSL GJWQ G]HCD HOLWC HKHWN GFOH]O DC RLD ZHOLJG RDHQ GI H[LWO
GFOH]G RLFO
GHUG COC RN RLFG RLC [CHDQ IK ]H]L[NDH EU P CLEHTGH JT ]DD GSQG KWQ POHC
OUH GI ]HEE PDQ[DH EU P J[H JT ]D L[D [HWQ RNH ]JC DLLJ GNCOQ G]HC O ]HFOH] L]
ZOJO Z[ GSHHNG GI LWOH ]HSH ]HNCOQ O CZHF ]HFOH] L] RCN H[QC GQ [WO ML[Y RN
HO GFOH]O DCG RLD RLFD ZHOLJ RCN RLC ODC [JC DC ]FOH]H H]FOH] RLDH HGSQO FJC DC RLD
RHLU ML[YH HO GQHFG CLG GFOH] GH RNQD GLG DCG GI COC
C]HZWSG ]CKD]Q GIDH DCG OU DLLJ]Q D]N RNO GFOH]O DC RLD PYUD ZHOLJ RCN RLC L[O GZHG GQ HGI RN]L
JO LISNC OCOYD [ ]HD UUH GFOH]O DC RLD
P GLOU RLC LWO HQYU LSWD GFOH]G OU DLLJ RLC PUKG [CDO CD L[ L[DF [W I CJ RLOCQ DLLO GL[C [ RHCEGH
LYJ PU DC O [HUL LYJ CL MC@ PLH GFOH]GH DCG RNC HH[LWOH DCG ]NCOQ PD CLG GOHON COC F[WS GNCOQ
LZLWC XN L[GQ PD ZQK U GCYHGH GTSNGD FDOQ ]HQ LS PG LSWQ PLQNJO VC PLW[KYQ PSLC H]FOH] O [HUL
>F DJ PL
PL] DLLJ DC H]HC O ]HFOH] L]D OLUOF RHC[G H[LWN L[Q ZLLFO CDHQ LZYSLQZ L[EO DZULO ]QC [WTDH
DCG PU GD[G ]HFOH] GUN Z[ ]H[DFQ ]H]L[NDH ]DD ]HLEHTG CNGF L[WO KZS CQH HL[DF PHOGO L]UFL COH
GI RHEN HSLYQ C[DTG [ZLUD VC@ FHJQ [DF HGIH DCG COD ]HFOH] GUN NCQ ]JC COC DLLJ HSLC RN OUH PGO
GULKSG ]JC DLLJ UKS PE PC ODC PL] DLLJ [QIH U[I PC EU ]D CDKL[U ]HCKJD KLUQQ ]W]HQ GNCOQ LU
DLLJO []HL [D]TQ MWGO [CHDQ GI ]HEE PDQ[DH GU ]DD PLSHC[D [LUGO L PE >R]W]QH RGL]O ]W]HQ
H]FOH]H DCD [CQ DC H]HC O ]HFOH] L]D ]JC
DH]N G[H]D LN VC OE[ LSWO R KZS OE[GH RGH R[ZG [HD H[QCS ]HDC E RSD[ HS] DU
GN LOQD DH]NG RHO ]C PSHOD OI[ HKZS [WC ROGO U [UDH MN [JCH JOH PFHZ MWGO
[DTG U DZULO ]QC
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DW[ PLLJ ][H]D UUH VTHS
TH] H H GF GQ ]H[HND L[D OQO U HOZQH DH]NG RHON PSHO KHZSO PLQNJG PLOLE[ ]HQHZQ GQND HSLYQ RNH
]HNQ L[ ]UF VTHLD CDHQD UUH CO PLJDI XDUL[ TH]H L[D DUT FL ]HN[D CDG GF FS RL[FGST
HCS H]OLFE M[F LOHC D]NH GQ] LSCH RHOD CD[G MN OU FQU [DNH
PNJQ GI XH[L] CLDG DZULO ]QC D@ KLJ P PL[HCDH PLHFJD GC[G HQN HW ]H[HNDD GSQG [FTD L GID CYHLN C
>HOOG CD[G L[DFQ [NI COH MN OU [LUGH FJC
G]SHHN ODC ZLIGO GQGDG ]SHHN RLC PSQC ZIGG ]SHHN RLSUO OE[GH R[ZG RLD UYHQQN LGL[G RG FHU [WO [WC D
XN L[GQ PD E ZQKD ]CYQS HIN C[DTH OE[DN RQFIGDH LDEC RWHCD GUS HSLC ZISGUQ CHG GUQ H]HCO
FHQOO [WC GLG UQQ DU[ G L[Q POHCH ]ONHC GUD ZLIGO G]SHHN RG RN R[ZH RQ OE[ FHQOO RLC MNO
GHG FYD RH R[ZQ OE[
GLJ[HC HSLC PHZQ OND HSUQ RCNQ VTHL LZHQSH C[G P HD]NH ZIS LYJ POQ OHFE G ONC DON H[QC HK ROGOH
]YWHZG GQGDD N L[QH KL W[H]H RCN CD[GQ GC[S RNH R O COH CLG R[Z O GFOH] HZIGO GCSG L LW OU VC
WNU HC [G[D [HKWH GSHQ R LHGF GI RHEND HKZS PLSH[JCG RQ LH@ LN GF G TH]Q QNH CLG R[ZF GFOH]F ]ONHCH
GSHHN L RO PE PYUD LN [DF O HQUK OSG LWO [WO LH >GLSLF ONO R ]HLGO [DFG [HIJL PLQUW O ONCL PC
GCD GSHHNG PC LO ]JC R[Z DLJ EL[J GUQG ON MNOG OE[G PU RHFLO RG GCYL GUQG ][E LSWQ Z[H ZISG GUQO
LSTUNG HC LSHHC]G [YLGQ
ZLIGO H]SHHN R[Z LHG H[LSD F L[DH L H[QC GQO PUKG GI RN]LH
OU XD[ R[Z O GFOH] CLG GYLD[ OU HD]N ICL[H L[LCQH LHQSGH L[ OU [G ]OC ]C DLLO L GI LWO
COLQQ IK ROGO U PLOHFE PLON OU XHD[O HN[F RLC RHLN COG ZLIGO GSHHN HNL[YG GQ PO GQ]H P [ D O L F N PLON
COLQQH XHD[O Z[ GSHY[ ON L[G ZIS ]OHUWO GSHHN OON RCN RLCH OLCHG [QHO L MC R[Z ]FOH] COC OE[ ]FOH] HI RLC
IL VFD L[ RNH PLLUDKG GLUQH GNHOLG M[F CD ZIS ON OE[ ][FEG LGHI GFOH]D GF E L[ UH PLONG HZIHG
R[Z [FED TSNS GI RLC RD NCQ OE[G ]C [LFEQ CHG GSHHNG [THJ UQQ ZLIGO GSHHN RLCH LHYQ GZLIGF OE[ [LFEG
GUS ZISG GUQ R D CZHFH >[JC RLSUD [LW P W[H]D MC G]QCD GNN KL C[QEG ]LLUDD CLO]F OLH@ OON
R[Z HGHU HFDO LHSLG HL[DF ]C LHQSG [QC R[ZO GQHF CHG GI FYDH GSHHND
H[DH [JC LON OU [DG I]LS ZIHJD NN GT[FF RHLN CHG GSHQF CFTF CUT IL TH]G RHOD ZFZFO L GID CYHLNH
LHGLOF FT GHG CO ]SHHNQ ZIS ]OHUW GD RLC GTL[FG RHLN MC CHG GSHQF [QHO LF GLG HCNOH GSHHN]S ZLIGO CQ]TQH
R[ZO LQF CO ZLIGO H]SHHN RLCF RHLN G]QCD GNN LDE D DW C[G L[DF RHHNO L MNH ZLIGO G]SHHN PHQ Z[ R[Z
MND GLJ[HCF COC GI HNN GU] GQO NC ZLIGO H]SHHN RLCF RHLNF OE[N LHG MNOG
VC G[HCNO [CHDQH ZLIGO H]SHHN PEG PLD[G ]H[D [HKWH OE[N CLHG JS ]NLS IK ROGO C[GH TH]G ]UF GSGH
JS ]NLS FFY RCN CD[G POHCH LHQSH L[ ]UFD [CHDQN COFH ZLIGO GSHHND COH GLJ[HC D [DFG LHO] OE[ RLSUO
KL CD[D GC[S DHLNH GNLSD L ]QLHTQ GCSG ODC OHNCO GCSG HO RLC LN PC@ H]NLSD GSGS RHLN CLG RF GFOH]
L[G PSHON OE[ HQN COC MHOLG M[F CLG QQ OE[N HSLC TH]GO VC GC[SH >CLG RG ]FOH] GDSID GNN RLSUO
]H[H[Y RLSUO GC[S RNH@ OE[O GQHF CHG GI FYQ L[G GCSG HO RLC RHLNF COC RO GI FYQ GQHFH GNLS GUQO CHG RHHN]Q
>OE[F GFOH] LHG MND GN[F ON RHHNQD P]WLUG VC
PCH R HI L[G MND HN[F PC GCSG COD ZIS ]SHHND RLD GCSG ]SHHND RLD G[LDH LHOLNO ]SHHNQ GOHUWD CHWC CYQS
OE[ ]SHHNQ GSLC COLQQF GOHUWD R[Z HCO
OON ZISO G]SHHN RLC GC[S COGH ZIS LYJD HSLF GSHQ [DF CHG GTLUG OU PLOOE ]OKG JL ROGO [CHDQGQ GZ MC
ZIS ]SHHND CO PLOHFE PLON OU GYLD[O GQHF GI L[GH >GTLUG ]C OON G]C[ CON PE [HQC RLFG [D]TQH@
ZLIGO G]SHHN RLCD R[Z DHLJ RLC UQQ PFCH R[Z O GH FY LDE DU[ G L[ L[DFQ MFLCQH
GLJ[HC GI RLC CKWDH [WHN RLSUO R[ZN COH RN LHG GOKZH GUD[F CQ ROGOQ GZ PE
L[GH PLDLLJ PLZIS [CH R HSUFLH [JCQ DLLJ H]SHHN RLCN PE COC ZLIGO H]SHHN CLG R[Z ]SHN] [ZLU GC[S RN OU
MFLCQH >CTSZ FQO ODDD PLDEQ RLCH@ R[ZG O HL]HOHZN ZIS LYJ HDHLJD [CS ODC ZIG ]SHHN COD VC DLLJ GJLNHQ R
RLCN RSLUFL CO FDO R[ZQ L[ P D]N HGI NCH RQ PE FQOS CHG RHLN [WHNQ [HKW GID GG RD [WHN RLC PC
G]SHN] CLG ZLIGO GSHHNGH R[ZO GFOH] ]DJS PUKG [WO CD LN R[DO LFN D]N GQ DHLQ PEH ZLIGO H]SHHN
]LFHTLG
ZILSGQ GULW ][TGH ZLIQG OU GULW ]DLT GHGQ GSHHNG COC GQYU GSHHND LHO] HSLC ZLIGO H]SHHN F C[QHJ [FE GC[S FHU
QHTCF D]N JN FDC[G LHFJD [CHDQ RNH >OLE[G HUDKQ E[J CO ZLIQG LN [QLGO ZILSG OU GLG OE[H R CLYHGO@
[G[D HL]H[LW JLSGN HQYUD UW ZILSG [H LZHWCO RJLSG ]H[D CO PHQ ZLIGO H]SHHN R[ZO HQF HGSL[ZWC COFD
L[QC ONCF CDONN ZLIGO RHHN]S CO LWUC CHG ZLIGO H]SHHN OOND HSQQ [QLGO ZILSO RLCH LHWY HSLC GUQ ON RN PCH
RHHN]S LWUC [G[D [HKWO OE[H RN LHG HSQQ [QLGO ZILSO L LUDK GUQ ONH GTLUG OU PLOOE OLKQH H[LSD FH
RN RHFLS GOKZH GUD[ MNO GULWG ][QHJD LHO] HSLCH DCG [ZLUO RHLQFD LHO] [DFG [WHN RLSUO QQH JS ]NLSN
EL[J GUQG LWUC
F ROGO UH HKHWN C]LL[DG [FT DHLQ P[N HC GF LC [UDL LN Q R RSLWOLF LQOH[LGO E
]FUHQ GOHN CQLC ][DHJQD ODC GHO]D LOLQ LSG FUHQO P] RLD CSQJ[ ELOW LN CQL]F HGQ
GD[FCF X[L]H "ZIS LYJ POO GQ] POHUO ][DHJQG MWGO [QCS CO UHFQ OC CD[G CLG
CHG [QHJH OZF [WC LC GHO]G RQ ]HJWO D]N FHU RL[HTLCN [LQJGO PGL]HZWT RLZLISD
OHFEG HD[ TJ[EG LWU HL[DF V[H]H D OCHQ ]N[D [WTD RLZLISD ZWT O GI RLSUD DLJ[G [DNH
MHQTD UU HLZIS ][LQ OU PFCG DHLJH [HTLC LSLF GD OHON GD RHQQG LDHLJ FDOQ RLZLIS ][W
FYLN ]HZWT [CO GQHF HSLCH [HTLC ZWT GI L[G HD OHON GQ DH]NG [ZLUD ZWT L [CN RNO
]HZWT [C OU RHFO ML[CGH RHQQG LSLF OU OJ ZWTG FHTL P C[QED CSLFF CZLWT HC GUQG U[C
[HH CD RHQK RHEN L[HTLCG FYG ]C PE HC LSHQQG FYG ]C Z[ PLOOHN PG PCG PLQLHTQ PLSLF LK[WDH RLZLIS LSLSUD
FHUH [G[D
]HSHQQ LSLFD PE C[QHJO PLSF C[QHJO HC COHZO ZG ]HLH[WC L]D PN D]N FHUH
COH [LQJGO PL[HF RCN PE MN ZWT RLFQ COH G[H]D CLG GFLQ P NQD UH E ROGO TH]G HD]N
OZGO
HQN
VC ZGD [LQJGO G[H]D CLG GFQ P] HSD[N [DHT HSLC GC[S HQYU CD[G L[DFQ COG GZG S DLO GL[C [ LHFJD
LWO [DFG [HCDH ]HZWT [CD COH FUHQ ZWT P] ZWTD CZHF RLZLIS ZWTD [LQJGO CD[G L[DF ON [LDTGH ]HSHQQD
DHLJQ FQOS HOYC G[LQG DHLJ [ZLU ONH ZISO HJO ML[Y HSLC L[G ZLIGO [HTLCGQ UDHS G[LQG DHLJ RLC P]D
FYG RQ PE G[LQ DHLJ HSL FUHQD RN CO HSHQQ ]C GOG [HQL ZILSO GULD] RLF L LSHQQ RLF H[ZLUD CHGH RLQHO]G
RHFLSN OE[H RD RN RLC GQ RL[HTLCD ZWTN HSHFO L FUHQN HC P]N ][DHJQG RLF PCG FDOD GI ZWTD RNOH L[HTLCG
PLLHTQ G[ZQD POO GDLLJ G[H]G PC RHQQG LSLF LWON COC HSLC ZWTGH [HTLC RLF L LCFH P ROGOF CD[G
[ZLU OU CHG ZWTGN GQHF M[FD D]NH HOOG CD[G L[DF OU CQ[ FHL [WHT P]JG OCS [DNH
][LQ PHQ R][LQH RLZLISG DHLJ FHTL [DFD PUK VLTHG COC [HTLC ZWTN RHFLS RLFG
CHG ]HWS
MFLCO [QC] CO GSUSN RD GLZFYQ DH]NG ]C PE CLDGH HEH HO [FG H[H [HND UQ C]
CLDG MNO CLG GQ] POHUO GHO] R[Z ODC FUHQO P] RLD DH]NG ZOLJ ][DHJQD CZHF CTLE
L[LCQ LWU FUHQO P] RLD ZHOLJ GD LH UQQD GHO] R[Z G[H]D GJLES OOND JES] GOCDQ
]HDJQ EQ GOLO LTLT[ RGNG ZHFY [ L[WTD PLZHQU PL[DF U
COIQ GO ]LOF GQGD COIQ GLO ]LC PFC
HSLSU RLCH@ GQYU HWS JN CHGH L[LWN XLOQ MCOQ CHG CZHF >OC[LQ@ PFCO L OIQ G O HSLSU OU QU XH[J
>ULZ[D ]HOIQO
LCFH LN []HT HSLC OIQ L DU ONO PEF H[QC L [D RCNH COIQ GO ]LO GQGD P C]LC GQH
LD[F CFDHUD KU G[W [DH ]LULDF KW LQOH[LD C]LC HQNH PL[ZLQ GQGDG LSLLSU [HDT HSLC
PGO RLC [DFO OZ TS ML[YH ZHILS ]HLGO UDKDN [QHO HSHY[ Z[ GJEGD PG PE LCJHL RD RHUQ
GJOYG [QHO GYH[ OIQ RN PE PLQNJ RHOD C[ZSG CHG OI L[ RHO ZHLFN XLOQG MCOQ
QU RGNG Y[O ][G LNCOQ ]JL MH]Q ]LLTS GOYG PGO GUS RLCH GDHK
PLWTHS PLSHLU
ZLIGO [HTLCG [HZQ
HC[G [DN POHC ZLIQ HSHQQN RG HWHED ZLIQN RG ZIGG OU ]FJHLQ G[GIC G[H]D RLC LW OU VC
]OHIO ZIGG [HTLCO G[H]G RQ PLSH ]H[HZQ PLSH[JCH PLSHC[
H]QGD JLSGO PFCO []HQ L[G [HTLC UHQO RLC C DZUL ]HOGZ U HD]N RLQHO]G DHLJ PYUQH
RLC L[G RLQHO]D G[H] H]DLLJ PHC]W GZLIQ CLG LW OU VCH KL H ROGO U PLD[G ]H[D ]NOO
TSHCD VC POHUO FUHQ PFC RDQ[G L[DFQ JNHQ RNH@ DYQ OND G[LQ ]DHJ JL[NQ PHO]G DHLJ
R][LQH GHG FYG D H E ROGOH RCN HOLONG GQQ Z[EG JLNHG FHUH >CKLO UC[EG [HQE
GHG FY O H]HC PLHU L[G RHQQG DHLJ GD[]S PFHZ FHU PLLZ G[LQG DHLJ UQQ MLOU
RLFG ]CYH]O ]HQLFZQGH ]HQ[HEG ]HSHN]D
R][LQH D HQLLT C[QED ROGO L[G UF] ZLIQG DJ ZLIGNH HQNH RLFG ]CYH]N MLOU R][LQH [WO PHZQ L G[HCNO C
UQQ L[G GHG FYG ]C PL[QHCN RLFG ]CYH] ]C PLLTO PHZQ OND RHOG M[F L[GH RLQHO]G ]DHJ HCLDG COH MLOU
PLSLLWCQG PU GSQS MLOU R][LQH [CHDQ CEQ L[ L[DFQ POHCH ]HSLLWCQG ]HSHN]GQ COH RLFG ]CYH]Q G[LQG ]DHJ
RLFG ]CYH] HSLCH
JLNHGO RLC RLQHO]G RQ [HKW HZLIQG RN HQNH MQU GUQ GHU HSLC LQ LWON GCNG [HTLC RLC PLC[LG D]N GQ D
][H] DHLJ OOND HSLC RLQHO] DHLJ HLWON [QCS CO H]HNGO [TCS CO PUKG H]HCQ COC [HTLCD LHO] RHQQG HL[DFQ
HZ ]HC ZD PL[HU XDHZ UH PLKWQG
OHNQ R]] CO [HU LSWOH F HCOQ FHQOO L P LGZD HCLDG IZ LT HN C[]D CDD GQ[ FL D]N GQ[G
JSQG DEC HN[D PLZIS COH VHE LZIS COC UHQO RLC GIQ GC[S MC PFC LSDO ZIS CLDL [DF PH[EO [HTC
ZIS ON HO KHW [HWQ GQ[DH G[LDUD GONG OU Z[ [DHFQ HC LQE OHNQ PE OHON [HU LSWO F HCOD PC ZW]TG
FHUH E FHL GQ ]H[ECD HKHWD JLSG RNH IU ]HC DD DHZD RN [LUG [DNH PL[DFG ]HKW RNH GI HCOD OHON GOZ]H
GQ[O TJHLQG H[LWD RNH G[HTC ]OHIO ZIS ]CDG ON LSC UQH MHQN MU[O ]DGCH ]HYQQ
LJH H CS] CO H MHQN MU[O ]DGCH PHQ [HTC [NLS HSLC ZIG HOLWC C]LC ES RLKE ]NTQ OU
RHQQ ZIG RN ON G[HTC PL[DF ]CSHC HOLWC COGH MQU MLJC
[CHDQ HS[QL COH DH]ND FQOS G[WG O GWHEQ D OCHQ ]N[DD CDHQ ZTL[DQ J[EG PDH
GI [HTLC OU [DU [Q COH UW GI COLQQH PSHQQ OU [HQO PLOUDG DHLJ
]HTNO DHLJN [W]Q HSTNL COH RLJ[N OU POQ [HDG OUD DH]N MNQ HT PLJDIQ RN JLNHGO LH
][W RDQ[GQ RNH RCN PLKHZOD CEQ RD L[H HK ROGO J[ H[LWQ GC[S J[EG L[DFN CKLO [IHU C[EGQ L]UQH
PLKWQD JS LSD ][GIC ]HFHC JOLH
]DG ]HYQQ [DFG FQOS N DCHL ]ZOJDH JL ]HDH]N [D [DN RN CYQS RLLYH P D]N DZUL ]HOGZDH
HCOD PE MN OU [GIHGH HFL OU CD CO FTWGQ HOLWC [DJG RHQQ OLYGO G[H] GDLLJ MNQ GFDC
H[LDJ O HSHQQ FLTWGOQ [GIHG [QHJH OZ POU]GO ONH] CO F
EGS]GOH P]HSQO G[H]D HSLHKYS PLSLLFG ]HYQD GI ON OONS KU QHJ T]JG L[DF LWU D]N FHUH
]LG [TQ LWO HUSHQO PG PLHHYQ ZLIGO GY[L PCH ZIS ON UHSQO RLHHYQ FD RHLNH PGLW OU
]CI PLLZO DLLJ CHG PE HQYUO PFC ON COLQQ L[G GSLFQG L[FT ]EGSG ]C OC[L LQNJO
H[WTD KLDQG RLLY POHCH POO ]SQ OU HOLWCH G[H]G RQ ZLIGO [HTC ]HQHZQ GQNQ P JLNHGH
]HFUO OTWS PCG RHFID ZLIQG RLSUO GSLQ CZWSH RSD[FQ COC HSLC GIN RWHCD D]N [WT ]L[Z
GDJ[GD U TQJ FU U[ ]] OC PHQ
]HDCO HH[W ]OLJ]D GSHL HSD[ RHO HI OIE] CO Q CHG ZLIGO [HTLCG [HZQ HD]N PLSHC[GQ LH
FHQOO RLCH HCOG H]HC OOND RLZLIS ONH OHIE] CO DH]N L[G GLD UFQO [WC LC RN CO PC GS]LS GH[LWD G[H]G
[DN MC C[FQ LD [QCS MN HL]HNOGH RLZLIS [FT ]HOON OU H]SHHN GC[S CHG OHIE] CO OOND ZIG [HTLC HL[DFQ
JS RL[FGST R[G LHFJH DS RLKE C[H]D [CHDQ RN HCLDG
G[HCNOH [HZQ MNO WLJH G[H]GQ VCH ZLIGO [HTC PLZTHWH TD ]HQHZQ GQNQ JLNHG LGZG L[DFD [LUGO L C
C[Z OO GN GFS DN ]HDH]N HQ ROGO C]NHF OND RSL[QCFNH G[DTG FYQ [DFG [HTC DH]ND [HZQ COO VC GC[S
KDD [JC RLSUQ CQEHF UH S OC[ LHFLJ UH KLDQG L[DFD RHLU ML[YH C]L[HCF RLFO HQN G[DTO VZH] L CLG C[DT
]HHYQ GQN L LN OHDQG [HF RNH RLZ SUS MNO CNI ]LC[D LSHZIJG H[LWD D]N [DNH EN ]HHYQG T[KSHZ GJ LHOG
HHKYS CO LWUC ]UFG ][DT JNQ R[QO PFC LSD PLDLLJ
]OLTWO RHEN PL[DF GQNO QWS G[H]D RL[HTLCD HC ]HHYQGQ FJCD HOLONGOH [HTLCG ]C MLLO PHZQ RLLFU L COC
DHLJG GLG PC RN]LH GHYQG RQ [HKW GHYQD ZTHU LHG HLZIS ][LQD ZTHUG PFC G[HCNO GC[S RNH RHHUG [QHJO ]HFU
GHYQD ZTHU PHQ [KWS GLG CO [THQGH KWQG ][HQ ]UDHSG CFL[E C[DTG FYQ
]HWS ]SNT RLC RWHCD HNH GYZHQ O RSD[F [HTLC GJFL G[LQG DHLJ PCG ]DD [HQ HSLC H[H RWHCD LSZWHTQH
RLD GHYQ JND RLC IC GHYQ [FED G[LQG DHLJ PCG GOCG [HH DHLN ONH H][LQ LU GOLW] RQI [HDUL PC RNH
LC [HTLCN RHFLS G[LQD GULW CQ HC >GFDC ]DG HC PCH DC FHDLN ]QEHFN@ RSD[F GHYQ LWC ]HJFO H[DJO PFC
FHQO] ML[YH OSG ]H[HZQD LHO] CQH H]HJFO [WC
RDQ[GH TH]G ]]EHOW HI GOCD ]HO]O [WCH [HTLCN
CHG G[HCNO HI GOCO GSUQD D]N CKLO LZTDLSZ J[EGH
DLLJ P RDQ[D UQQ RNH PL[HU XDHZD U ]OHIO ZIG [HTLC PHQ ]H[LW GHU ROLC XHYZO DLLJ PC HN DD
UYH GHYQN COH [HTLCN [DFG RHFO H]KL L[G HLZIS ZLJ[GO LFN HSHQQ ON CLYHGO
DHLJ COC FDOD PHZQO PFC RLD [HTLC GI RLC L[G HLZIS ZLJ[GO H[DJ OU PFCO GULD] L UQQ DN DD L[Q D
L[ L[DFQ UHQO L RNH [HTLCG FDOQ LSHQQ DHLJ CHG G[LQG DHLJ S CJ RLOCQ OC[EG [QC RNH H[DJO PFC RLD
LWUC RLZISD CQ[E RLSUO HS ZD L[LCQD JNHQFN RLZLIS ][WD [HQCG DHLJG COD VCH Q EJ G[HQG [WTQH CO ]DD
GHG FYD H[QC GQQ JLNHGO L RNH CG RHQQ LZIS ]HNOGD PDQ[G L[DFQ JLNHGO L RNH GOIE ][H] HD L [HKW
CKLO [IHU C[EGQ FHUH ]CI ON L]UQ OSNH FHQOO PLCD HSC GI LN DHLJ HSUFL CO RLLFU LWUC MLOU R][LQ
HU FU ]HL]HC DN DD DHZ R[GC [ ]SQ ]H EN VF VHT DZULO ]QC KO PH IO ROGO [JG ]OLC U E
ZLIQG RHQQ O RLQHO]G DHLJ ]DLT
PLDLN[Q LSD PLS]HQ PLSH HDHLJ L[FE ZLIQG PFC Q LZHWCO ZLIQG RHQQ O RLQHO]G LDHLJ
ML[Y RLC [HDDH CD RNC@ ZLIQG OU PFCG O ] H O U D G HSLLG MLOU R][LQ H HSHQQ HOC
U CG OUD HC [HDG OUD H]DLJQ ZLIQG ]C H][LYL PYU COC GOLE[G G][FEGN ]LSHQQ ]HOUD
PLKTO GHCLYHG LDE TSHNG W[ TH] U G[HQE ]HOUD ML[Y RLC [HD HOLWCH MSHQQH GF E ROGO TH] KQ ROGO
UWH H]DHJ ]C GU CON HSHQQ OU ]OKHQG G [ L Q G D H L J RNH > EL DZUL ]HOGZ HI ZD CHIJ
HLZIS ]HL[JC PHZQ ONQ OSNH PLD[G ]H[D MOLO [HO JLSGO []HQ KL H U H[QC LW OU VCH DLLJ G[LQD
HKZ KS[EG LHFJ U H[Q CO OU G[H] H]DLLJ ZLIGN HLOU
CO MN OU DLLJ]Q DHLJG ] D L T ]C GHGQ HQYUD CHG G[LQG [THJ PCG PLSH[JC PLQNJ H[ZJH
G[LQG COC HSHQQ OU LC[JC PFC ONH ZLIG HSHQQ GFDHUG PYUQ UDHS DHLJG CQ HC [Q
CHG THSC LN [HKW H[Q PC ] [ K H W GDLT CLG
LSG FYG LWN JLNHGO D]N WCZ RHUQ [ RHCEG ]HLUQ ]HNOG GQN HI ]KWHQ G[LZJO LH
GI RLF [HWQD CYQS CO PSQCH@ [HKW ZLIGH LWJ HJOH H[LZWGH H[HD UW PFC PC L[G
HLG CO DLLJ RLFG GLG HOLC D]N HC ZD CHIJG PE [D]TQ RN ODC PLSHC[G PLZTHWDH C[QED
CJ GQO ]JSQ UUH GU LL ]LD GID U HSHQQ PHQ HC GF DN TH] UH PLZTHWDH C[QED MN OU PLZ]H
GULWG L[G DLLJ]GO ML[Y GLG DHLJG P[HE G]LG CLG G[LQG ]ULW PCH DN ZD JSQH CKW
GULWG OU CD DHLJG PC PE ]CI GJNHG HJF [DN PSQCH ZLIG HSHQQ ONO GGI GI G[ZQD
WNU ML[Y HI M[FD HC P LL ]LD ZISG ]UD GULWG O GQHL[ GZTW H[LZWG RCN G[LQD
]H[EC LWU DHLJG ] D L T ]C GHGQ GSLC ]HOUDG PC PE ZLIQ G OU PLOUD CGL DHLJD L C S ] N
[JG ]OLC HY CJ QHJ GQ
OU [Q CO RHQQG OUD HD DYQD C]HZWS HI G[LZJD ]HO]O GY[ FL ]HC C RHQQ LZIS OICG RDCDH
ZLIGH TSHCD CYLH [HQ ZLIQG GLG P]ULFLD COH PLOUDG FLD CO ][JC GDLT FYQ COC HSHQQ
UW PLOUDG LN VC HO GLHC[G G[LQ [HQ GLG ZLIQG L[G RCN [Q CO MNQ UDHS DHLJG PC
GI RHFLSD P ML[CGH [KWGO HI GSUK HO RLC RCN ][KHWG GSUK COC GSLC G[LQG PC MC
RHC[G FYN HKZS PGLS P CKLO [LW [EO LL ]LDDH OYI LZYSLQZ L[EO DZULO ]QCD
L[ L[DFQ HC[G RNH U HL[DF VHTD P OICG RDCD KZS RNH RLQHO]G DHLJO GDLTG CLG G[LQD GULWG
FYGN ZLLFO Z[EG D]N PDQ[G ]UFD POHCH GSQD L[LCQG RHO G[HQ RNH PHJS [ LHFJD U ]NTQG M[HC ONO
G[LQG PC P W[EG D]N MNO ]HJNHGG ]JC P L[ L[DFQ DUT L CI[EG JLNHGO D]N RNH RH[JCG
LN ZLIQG OU GJNHGG ]DHJ ]OKHQ G]LG HCO PC [Q PC ZWT PHZQ OND L[G [HKLW COC GSLC
OZOZ RQHCD KY ROGO [CHDQG M[F OU@ ZWTD [HKW ]DLTH ZLIG MSHQQ ]DLLJQG ]LCFH GDLT RCN L L[G
POHN G]Q LQ ]QJQ UHFL RLCH GQGDG OU ]HOLDJ HJLSG GQJD FLH ZLIQH ODHJ PDQ[ UH LSC GJQHQ [QHO GLC[G HLOU
ZLIQG OU JL II ZD CHIJG D]N RNC ML[Y CD[U MD[U [LUGO LH HSUQ CO GIH >ZWTQ PLDLLJ
FHJQ [DF RUHKN CHG DJS HSLSWO ZIGG RHLN LHC[N [Q H]SUK [[DO GJNHGG ]DHJ ]OKHQ
GLC[G HLOU
[ZGD PLSH[JCG [DFD HZOJS RNC GSUH CKLO W[EG ]C L]OC PL[DFG HD]NS [JCO@
][LQ PCG GOCG [ZLUH ZLIQG COH JLNHGO ML[Y ZILSG UHGLLSWG ]UFH KY RQZOF CLEHTO
LCFH LFLQ CLYHQ ZWT RLC [HKWZWTH DHLJLCFHN RHFO L ZWTG PHZQD IC LN@ [HKW G[FE ZLIQG
]DLLJQG GDLT OON RLC [Q PC HC >]HQHZQ GQND CD[G FLWU PLSH[JCG GID HNL[CG HQNH
>GDLTG CLG HLOUD][LQLC COC ]DLLJQG GDLTN [FEHQ HSHQQ O ZISG GUQ PYU CO LN
ISCYQ [HQFCO` OCL]HZL ][H] T[KSHZ GLD ]LO GF DN GQO ]JSQ KS[EG LHFLJ S THT DLO GL[C [ LHFLJ UUH
FHUH ^HI G[LZJ O G]SDG PYU OU OHDI L[U [WT [DJQ PU R]HSH CHS CHG HD CKLO