RGQU ]HSZLGO OHNL ][JCD FQHU FDUG PC PE ][JC GQU GSZH ]JC GFD ZLIJGN D
L[LCQ LWU
]HUZ[Z GSZ CO PLFDUD ZLIJG
UZ[Z PGQU GSZL LFN FU GOHFE PLFDUG ]ZIJ RLC UZ[Z G]HCD PLFDUG HLG HOLWC
LSW UH GD[ QHJ GH[U LWU
GD DD C]WTH] LWU [CG GSZ CO PGQ FJCD ZLIJG PLFDU G[U [NHQG RNH
RLOKOKQ RLCH RLOKOKQN FDUG@ GSZ CO LQLDC L[DFO ]HUFG HZOJS RLOKOKQ RLSUOH
RCQN HOLWC C[F[D CZLC D[ G[LWH ][JC C]LL[DD HS RNH >RQJS D[ RLOKOKQ PLSHZ
]H[YD PL[UO GQHFD COC UZ[Z DEC RLOKOKQ PLSHZ RLC ]HUZ[ZN PLFDU [QCF
]FLLS UZ[Z D COH GFHGLD
GSZH ]HUZ[ZN PLFDU ][DHT LSWQ PC RLOKOKQ GSZ PLFDUD ZLIJG HS ][JC C]LL[DDH
[YJ RLSZ PHQH FDUG OU RLOKOKQG FHUDH RLOKOKQN PLFDU PC HOLWC HC DEC RLSZD
]NOGQ [YJ RN CO PC ]HWN FDUD Z[ OLUHQ GI HZLTG MC C[FDC[F L[QCF CNLC N
GSZ COH CLG
GSHZ [HULSH ]HWN PL[DHTH PLZOHJ LH ML[Y R L H ]HWN HKZS PLSHC[ FHUH TH]G
HLFL PC HLOE[H HLFL ]HWN JL[GQQ L[C ]HGEGD UH KD[ QHJ L[LCQ DLE G[LNQ PDQ[U
PLSHC[D UUH [HULS HOLWC GSHZ PLOUDG ]UFO [Q]QH SN JH[DOH HLOE[ ]C [L]GO OHNL COG ]H[]HQ
JU RLKEH CL QD
CD[ GSHZ HSLC ODJD HD TWH] GLG [QHON GSHZG FLD ]HWN COC HLOE[D ]HWN GLG CO
PL[JC RLOKOKQ COH PLFDU COH UZ[Z GSZ CO RLOKOKQ GSZ
EL DL PLWF
"GSLQ CZWS LCQ "HCO PC PLOUD RHQQ PG PCG PLOZ PLFZ JN
HEH RHFZWD H]LQUD JNH GD OUQ GOUQH PG PLOUD RHQQ PLOZ PLFZ LOLOEG LTHL LD[ L[DFO
R[Z POQ GFHGH UDSH [WNH H[DJ OYC PLQO ]QGD FLZWG PC HSHQQ PG PLOZ PLFZ ]HD[O
PLZOHJ PLQNJH ]HFZG [CN CO PCH QHJH
HZLLF RNH@ PGLOU PLDLLJ EGL[O PLOZ PLFZ O RHQQ LZIS CLEHTD ]H[CD]QG ]HWTHSG ]H]HZWSG
ZLLFO RLC CD[ L[DFOH PLOZ PLFZ HSLLGF PLHFZ PG LWUC GOLUQ PGD RLC PLTNS HS]SQQ
RN RLC GQ PL[HNQ G[LNQ RLSUO RNH ]FHZQ EGL[O PLOZ PLFZD GC FZQG >HS]SQQ
PLQNJO
PGD PLNHI GHDE RJOQ COC HSHQQ PSLC GKLJ [JCO EGL[ GFHQ
GHDE RJOQ GKLJ [JCO [DG [CD PLOUDG ZOJD RG PLSGNG ZOJD RG [DHFQ L[WO C
CHG PLOUD RHQQ [DG [C ODC H[QC PLSGN ZOJD CZHF HKZS TH]GH PLNHI PG
LSWQ DLLJ RLZLIS RLSUO ODC FZOH [HNQO PLOUD RHQQ HSLC LWUC GKLJ [JCO CQ
L[ ]KL DLLO GQO ]JSQD FFY RN PLLJD NCQ HD L GOLNCG ]HNI
DSZ
CQZ CDD PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
HU ROGO L[ LWU GQO ]JSQD KZS RN
GHDE RHQQ GUS PFG ]ZL[I [JCO CZHF PL[QHC L D
RJOO TSNS GKLJG ]UD [DN POHUOH GOHTW GKLJ LZHWCO Z[ P L[ ]SHHN GC[S GLG G[HCNOH
HSHOD HUL GHDE
RJOQ RGD PLSGNG ]HNI LN RG PLOUD RHQQ EGL[ [QC CO [HND RHEN GSHGN ]HS]QD H[QC FHU
>JSQ PHQ OUD RLD P] RLD UQQ C]OQF CQ]TH@ GHDE
HSLC GOLJ]NO RHUQ LD[F CDLOC@ OHJDH ]LDG RQID HOLWC HC GD[ZGO LHC[ HSLC GIG RQID POHCH
[HTC CHG L[G KHJ CO ODC@ GCG ]C HD FZO [WCH LJ [NQS CHG MNOH CHG PLOUD RHQQ >D[Z
]SQ LWU PDQ[ ]LDG RQID HOLWCH KHJH LJ [NQS PHQ OUDH I G[HQ] LWU L[ XHJ LKHJ PHQ GCSGD
> LS [UQ
ODC EGL[O Z[ GI >]HOHFE ]HNOG OUD RHCE LCFHGL D[ LW OU@ C[GH TH]G H[LW C
GILED [HTC LWO PHQ OUD HOLWCH CHG GHDE RHQQ OHJD HC GIG RQID VC PLQNJO
DOJH GFHDUH
L[G PLLZ FZQG ]LD RQID HOLWCH CHG PLOUD RHQQ KHJ [HND PLQNJO VC GC[S D
TH] OLCH LDYO ZHG L[NSO HOLWC HOLNCGO []HQ
RQID GLG [HND CTLE MFLCO DHLNH GHDE RHQQ CGL ]LDG GSDLL PC GIG RQID FOHS [HND E
GUS OC[L X[CO CDHG OHJD [HND RNH KHLFG RHQQ ]HLGO [IJ ]LDG D[JSH ]LDG
OHDEG LFZ [CN RGN RHQQ CHG [HNDG PYUD [CLD LHOG IL[ R[Q LHFJDH GQO ]JSQ LWU GHDE RHQQ
RHQQ GD[ZGO FUHLQ HSLC OUHWD ON MNOG H]HOUDQ H]ULZWQ HD RD[Z ]HFZ COC RGNO PLS]LSG
PYUD CHG PLOUD
PLLJQ UQQ L[WO POHCH [HNDN PG GHDE RHQQ PLQO O ZHH GIJ PE TH]G L[DFO F
GHDE RHQQ PL[HQLCG JLNHGO O[GQQ CLDG DT EJ [IULJCD UH JSQ U PGLOUD O RHQQ PG
OU QHJ POL CO PLOZ PLFZD [WN PC FJ]L ILWO [LUG MC [HKW PZLIQGH EGL[O VC PLLJQ PG
ELG ZD CHIJ UH RL[HQLCG ZOJ
GQGD [UQ H[QC DOO LC]THF RD LTHL CDC CQZ CSOO CQZ CS] CS] FJF CDLOC LCIU RD ]UFD
KHJ COH LJ CO [NQS HSLC OCEL CO HD [QCS LWO PLOZ PLFZ CHG LWUC PLOUD RHQQ HSLC
RHQQ [UQH PLQO ODC KHLFG RHQQ FDOD [HND UQQ CQZ CSOO LCIU RD ]UFD LTHL CDC [JC CS]OH
GHDE
PJO FDC[G LHFJD U CD ZHOJO PL[QHC LH CD EGL[ L[DF [WO LCIU RD KZS L[
CJ RHQQ LZIS GSQ
MWGO GIOH [HNDQ PLQO [HQJ GIO COC HZOJS CO LCIU RDH LC]THF RD LTHL CDC QL
JH]H FDC[U [UQH [HND RLSUO HZOJS QLH GQGD [UQ COC KUHQQ RLC PGLS LWOH
EGL[O ]FHZQ GIG RQID [HNDD FZQG LTHL CDCO RLD CQZ CS]O RLD NCH [ZLU CQZ CSOF D]N PH
PL[DHT LH ICL[ WNH H]HQN ]JNHQ HS]SQ P]T PHQ LOLOEG LTHL LD[N HZTW L
IGID LJ [HNDD GCG FZ RGN RN PCH RN PL[DHT CSLD[H LLDC LN PLQNJN GNOG
RHLU ML[Y D [CSH C[G GKS RNH ]FHZQ GSLC
[HKW OZZ DSHEG RNH@ PG PLOUD RHQQ CJ ZTW RLZIS RLSUO ]HUFG HZOJS PDQ[G ]UFD PE
GOLUQ ZTW G[LNQ RLSUOH >GDLSEF DW[ PDQ[G L[DF H[LWD FHF FL LWU DLLJ R[Z ODC OWNG RQ
ESZ
]UF VTHL
]FHZQ GSLC HZOJD FZQG RGN JG ]HLC ZTW RNH PHON GU CO HLQO [NHQG JF
]HKQGDH P RHQQ LZIS OICG RDCDH H] JGHYZ P GOLUQ MOQO GSQ P RHQQ LZIS OG GSQ PJOD U
]UFO GHDE RHQQ LS [UQNH GOLNCG RLSUO ]HOUD PFCO L PGL[DFO PE COC PLQNJN ZTW KZS
]FHZQ GSLC PDQ[G [QC RGND CZHFH ]FHZQ HO PLQO [DD FLZ OC[L RN]LH@ PDQ[G
>GI K[WQ HD [IJ ]HKQGD IC[EG POHCH RLHFZD ICL[G WNH
EL VF
"ROGOF PLSWHCD GQ] GQGD LZISD RLQHO]G RLF GQ KN
GZLIG GFH] HC PLQO ]QGD C
GD GNIH [JC PFZH FJC O H]QGD GJES [ZWG ]QGD D
H[LZWG HC HLFZG HLOUD MN [JCH JES [H E
FESN [D ]LLDE RLSUO H[LWH PGL[HQLCQ GDHE HSLCH P[DQ GDHE HZLIG PLQO CDC LD[ [QC C
GH P] [H RHEN GHDEO PLOHU L[G GDHE HSLC [QHO ML[Y RLC QQ PL[HQLC ODC PL[HQLCG
HOHNQ LYJ COH H[D LQFQ LYJ POQ PL]CQ GH [H JES PL]CQ
OUDQ PO]Q [HGQ PO]GO [WC LCN [HDO GQGD VJF [H LDE [QC R]S LD[O HOLWCH
H[LW RN [DG HQN HZLIG RL[HQLCG PE L[G RL[HQLCG FESN [DGQ PO]Q RLC GFHQ RCN [HDG
CUDC O
[LW GC[S RN PL[WQ LH D FW ICL[GH CD[G HQLNTG RNH [ZLUO L[ KZS RN C
PL[HQLCG FESN [DGQ G D H E [QHO CD[ J[
CHG PLOUD RHQQ [HQC CHG LOLOEG LTHL LD[O Z[ P[DQ GDHE GI RLF PLSHC[ HD]N D
GHDE RHQQ PC HOLWC >PDQ[G ]UFD@ HD]N L PLSH[JCGQH PDQ[G LHFJH J[ LWU
CHIJ LWU HO GSLC PEG GQGDG LZISD DLLJ PKTON LHGH HFL ]J] GQGDG L[G DLLJ
DJ OICG RDC HKE
[IULJC UU RL[HQLCG RQ GDHE HSLC GLOUG RQ POQG FUHQG [HD RLFG CHG D]N O[GQ E
ELG CHIJ DT EJ
[WN]QH >HO ZIS LYJ FEN@ [D ONHC ZILS GQJOQ GDHE HSLCH G[DQ GDHE GZLIG GFH] CD[ [QC
CHG PLOUD DHLJ PJOG PJO CLDQ H[HDU GFH]G G[WHG GI
PO]Q P] [H LWUCH [HKW GD GNI GI GD GNIH [JC PFZH FJC O H]QGD GJES [ZWG ]QGD D
PLFJHLQ PLTNSG HLGL FU HGU[ [HD COC DLLJ RLC HWHEQ
LC ]LQGH HLOUDD FUHGH [QCS [HKW [LZWG NJCH JES LFZG NJCH JES GFHGL LD[ [QC E
FJCN RLH RLF [QEH RLFD GFQUGH G]LQ CG] FU OZTL [HG
]LQG [HD ODC PFC ]LQG [HD COC HZOJS CO GFHGL LD[ OU PLZOHJG PLQNJ PE C
FHUH FDC[D ILUNH C[D CDHQ Q[G LWU [HKWO PLFHQ [H
ZLIQG RHQQ [CDH OE[H RD PLSH[JCG HSFH JH] ZQKL LWU RN RLFG FUHQ [HD PE D
FSZ
CQZ CDD PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
[ZWG H[ZWG RLCH >RLFG RQ@ FZG HFZG RLC P]D ODC CHG RN FUHQD C Z H F PL[QHC LH
]UFD ODC FL[ ZQKL L[LCQ LWU POO DLLJH >CDLZU LD[N@ ZILSO [HG KOJHG [DN
LD[O HOLWC D]N LQ LH FHUH IJ HC GTZ QHJ T]J ]H U [HKW PLSH[JC HD]N PDQ[G
EO FL[G LZTWD UH IKE CHIJ LWU [KWS CO OCUQL
OJ FUHQ NCQ [H O HWHE OU OKHQ DHLJG LSWQ@ [KWS P] [HD CZHF PL[QHC LH
DLLJ]S [DN FUHQ [HD ODC >CHG TSZ ZIS LYJ LSWQ HC GLOUG RQ POO HLOUD OU DHLJG
EO DJ ]J[Q GTZ T]J ]H UH R]SHGL [G PD ZQKL LWU ZISG ]UD
RDHC[F C[H] C]GH RDHC[F C[H] C[ZLUQF CO JDIQO ODC ]LDG ZFDO LFZG CZHF CQ E
EO HLZTWD FL[G ]LHZ ]DL]Q ILWOH DL OLUO GQO ]JSQ LWU
GNI PC D]N [HKD
PL[KHW LH X[W HSD[ CD[ LWU PLDLLJQ L [JCO H[NQ NJCH JES F
LDY [G W LT EJH D[U QU CJ C LFL[ CQ EJ [IULJC UU DLLJ GNIH CHG [IJ PC Z[H [HKW [JC HD
FL EL PLWF
"ROGOF ]HLH[D OE[H RH R[Z LZIS PHO] RLF GQ O
ZILSG ]H[ C
ZLIQG ]H[ D
ZILSOH ZLIQO ]W]HQG ]H[ E
[JC O ]H[ F
PO ZIS ]QOQ GQ] R[Z HOLWC RHW[K LD[ L[DFO OND PLDLLJ ZLIQO COH ZILSO ]H[ CHG ON C
ZIS LYJ PL[DHTH PLZOHJ PLQNJH
LUD LCQ L]H[D M[H] ONQ [HKW ZILSO COH ZLIQO ]H[ D
L[G RHW[K LD[O HOLWCH@ PO ZIS FUHQH ZIS LYJ POQ P] R[ZD ZILSOH ZLIQO ]W]HQG ]H[ E
ZILSO COC ZLIQO ]H[ RLC ]H[LWO PC HOLWCH PLD[G ]H[N GTSNG ]H[ GD ZLIQO L PL[HH LDEO
>HS]T[EO C[QED [CHDQ RN
POQ P] ]H[LW TLSNGO ]H[ L HOLWC PL[HH P TLSNGO PGLSO ]H[ RLC PC RNH
RHOQ ZLLFO L RNH ][ LWU TSNLO ]H[ PGO GLG CO RHLN RHW[K LD[O HOLWC ZIS LYJ
ZILSG [YJ GO CLHG R L D E O F C[QEG
TLSNGO PGLSO ]H[ L RHLN >GUZD RHEN HC@ PL[HHOH ]H[LWO ]FJHLQG [YJ CLG PC OE[H RD
[HKWH PLD[G ]H[O GQHF GI L[G PL[HH P
GF TH]G H[LW RNH JC QQ U LQLDC PD CFTJ D[H [IUOC LD[ HZOJS GID PL[QHC L
GF IK TH]UH GI [DFD HZOJS CO CLEHTG ]SZTQO COC C[QED ]JC GT[LE LWO [IUOC LD[ L[DF ]C [YJ
GOHN
H[H P TLSNGO ]H[ HO RLC L[G DLLJ >ZFSHW RHENH@ PL[HHO COH ]H[LWO ]FJHLQ [YJG G]LG
RLC ]H[LWO PGLSO ]FJHLQ LSWQ [HKW C[O [IUOC LD[H CFTJ D[ [DFD HZOJS C[QED HFFYH
GSZ