]NHQG GFEC FHQLOD GDJQG [HYUL GI C]NL[C COWOWH RHLUG ZQHUD PHL PHL CHG HOE[G
R]HSH GLO CLG ]FJ FJ FHQLO [FTO HQUK ]C H]HSD [C ]HDJQG HOKD]LH PLQN DOG
]HDJQG RLOKD]QH FJG [DFD HDO
GLFHQO] [FGQO HFHQLO DH[H [HGS LET ] D[F C[HSD HGO LF ] D[ IQ[ GI [WCH
U][Q ] D[H ] D[F GL]LS]QQ GLWHE GLOHN U][Q CFTJ D[ H[QC HQNH LSLT GLGH
LF LNGO H]SQ [HIJO HOE[GH LSLT GLG ] D[F RHLNH CFTJ D[F GLOHWOWQ GLWHE GLOHN
LZWS HHG LN CS[LGS H[QC HQN CO OQSG ZHQU RHLUD [QHON C[HSD HOC ]HDJQO HGO
IQ[ GIH ]HLSHYLJ ]HDJQ OKDO ZHQU RHLUD GLWS OLLU ] D[ RNH LD[F GLQHWQ PLZHZLI
C[HSD HGO LF [ H[QCD
DW H[QCH CD[H LLDCF ]HLHHG H[QC HQNH OHWOWD HZTU DH[ GLG CD[ CSF ODZ ON
[GSO ]OQSG GFECO IQ[ ]OEFD HGO LF L[WDH U CD[ LD CSLQ C[D C[]DF
]HDJQG HOKD]L RUQO HOE[GN CO PFC O HDO ]DJ[QG PLQ
PLZISO PH[EO PLOHOU GEED HLWQ CLYHQ PFC
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PL[HDLF PSL RLZLISF LOLQ
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FHUH JL
]HOWH GHSU L[DFD PFC ON PU PGL[DF ON POHUG ]HDC L [ H D L F HSLLG ]HDCF LOLQ
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GU HSLDC DZULH [WCH [WU LNSCH [QC RNH PLZOC CLSH [HFG OHFE GLG PEG PNFDU
HQNH PLJC PC[Z P]C RLCQ LJC PGO [QC PLKHWG PLUH[G ]C H]HC[D PLOHFE RD GLG
HGIH GHYQ ]HNI HFLD G[CS CO KHW PFC HQYU GC[ PLFTJG ONQ L]SKZ [QC
]HOWH GHSUD HGL HL[DF ON ]HDCF LOLQ PLLZL
PL[DFG ON ]C HQYUD PLLZO PFCO HO L E DF ][UL [WTD D]N HQN ]HN[DF LOLQ
UFLHGL RD HNH ]UF RSHJ PLOHJ CWH[ PLDHK PLFTJ OQHE RHEN HL]HOLW]DH HL]HN[DD [QHC
CO VF
[DLF RSJHL LD[ LW OU VC [LGIGO GLO GHGF DLLJ LS]ZH CHG GLJ[HCF V]NO FQU HCO LCQ
CHG FH[K RCN PE LN V]NO FQU C[QEG GHQ NWUC H]OLWSD DCHNH FH[K OWSH OZ]S RWHCD
J[ LWU [LGIG CO OU CHG DLLJ]Q LNG HOLWCH HCQD
ODSU HD L E H I D ZZO PN[F LSWQ RN PLC[ZS R]SHGL HSD[ [LW RLEEIGH
C][HHLJ > C]LEHEI LOHC@ C]LEHI ]LQ[CD RNH ]LEHEI HSLLG ]LNHNIH ]HWOJ]Q MLJG ]HL]HCQ NH E KHW GC[S PE
]WLOZ EI [QHC LHG ]LNHNIN MNIQH JYJYQ [QHON EIEIQH RH]Q CHG FE GFS LQOH[LDH GSDO ]LNHNI CO ]HN[D
RHLZSH ]HWLZ RHOQ POHN JY MI GWHZG DSUG
HDLLJO H]HOZ]LGD UHWN LSG ]C HSC PLDLJQ PC PE UQQ DLLJLO LQS LS UHW OZ]S LC
]HQHZQ FHUQH RCNQ OWS HQYUD UW LSG PL[QHC RLCH LS LZISD DLLJ RHC[G LLO LZISD
PL[JC LZIS OU HDLLJ] HIN GULW RNOH ZIHL COQ ZLIGO CO [GIGO PFCO HO L []HL [CHDQ
ICL[G ]UFD UYH FHUH IHC DLLJLOH GF EN OLUO TH] LWU G]QJQ HO HZLIG PL[JC [HKW] CO ODC
L[@ PLQNJN COH [LCQ LD[N C]LL[DG ]C FLQUG CD[ PUKG CHG UHW LCFH RHC[ DU
UQQ C]LL[DG RHOQ LWO >MN OU HZG PLSHC[GH GI [DFD PLQNJ HZOJS CO CD[ ]UFO D]N
[DHFQ LCFH RN PCH OZSD PL[DS PGLON RLEEIH RL[FZ GKZS MNO PLON ][LD OU CHG RHFLSG
RLC CHG THSC OZ]SG PLQNJ ]KLO CD[ [DHTH [HD RLFD COH PLON OU DLLJ ZLIQG PFC RLFD
L RHLN [LCQ LD[O RN CO [HDN HSLF CGL PC HSLLFH FHQUO HO GLG LSWQ ZLIQG PFC RLFN HDLLJO
H]KLO GULW ]YZ HD L RHC[D OZ]S LSG HOLWCH ZLIQG PFCN CHG L[G H]HOZ]LGD GULW
][JC ]HKL GI[GH RDQ[GH VL[GO ODC CLEHTD TH]G ]KL LWU C[
HSLCH RLZISO [HD CHG PLJWK G[U HD RLC [HD PE UQQ PLONG ]C HD DLLJ [HD HSLYQ COH
G]LQ O [HDD COC PLON HKUQ]S CO GG LQOH[LG ]UFN CO GIH PLON OU [HKW G]LQO [HD
RLSUO LO K [HD RLD ZHOLJ RLC [WO D]N FHUH LQOH[LD [DFD HZOJS GC[G P PLSLU GWL UH > O@ ES CD[ LWU
[HD RLD ZHOLJ RLCH [HKW G]LQN PG PLNLWG L]OD PLZISD Z[H >FQO@ DLLJ GIDH GSZ] PGO L PLZIS RLD COC PLON
L [HDO K
C O C [QC COH C[ZLUQ [QCFN POHUO "[QLQO CNLC LCQ D[O COC OCHQO CJLSG
[HQCG XH[L]D [CGO [WC OCHQ LWO LSWQ GIH G[HQE G[IJ RCN RLC UQQ CFC D[ [QC
RWHCD [WO GDLT RLC D[F CDLOC PLHTQ RWHCD [W]GO PLNL[Y CD[ L[DF RHLN RN LW OU VCH
RLSUO LSO RHC[G RLD ZOJO C[DT RLC CHG ZHJF PFHZG XH[L]G K[WDH OCHQF CDLOC [JC
RSLKZS GI XH[L]O RHLN [HD DJS LSG HOLCH PLON OU DLLJ]LH ZLIQG PFCN DJLL RHC[G
]ULW LS HC RHC[ LO GQ NC HFQU CO GULWG OU Z[ PDLLJO PLCD HSCH CHG THSC OZ]SG
PGLSD CLG GH GFLQUG LC
U]WD LSG O H]OZ]H H]OLWS HQUKH LSO RHC[ RLD ZHOLJD PL[CS VL[G H[LWO RNC
PEH C[G LWU FHQUO HO GLG LSWQ ZLIQG PFCN DJS HSLC RNO H]OLWSD []HL FH[KH CLG PHC]W
HU LL ]LDH KN GQ L[QCD RLSUG OND UUH PLSHC[D U ]HSH ]HKL H[QCS VL[G ]KLD
HS]LEHTQ PLOHUG PLOON GQN ROGO
HZIHG PC PLSHC[ GQN LWO CD[ KZS RNH [LCQ LD[ ]UFN H]OLWSD UHW CHG GJSGD OWSH OZ]S PFC C
G[QC [HD RLFQ HC ZLIQG PFC PHQ DLLJ PC OI PLSHC[G HZOJS HD ]HOZ]LGQ GCYH]N PL[JC
FHUH TH]H L[WO >[LZWG CON PE PLONG OU [HKW OCHQO@ PLON OU [HKWO GSLQ CZWSH G[H]
RNH ICL[GH CEQ L[ ]UF GC[S RNH [HD CHG [HCQG OUD H[LWOH ZLIQG PFC HSLLG PLSHC[
VL[G ]UFD O[GQ KZS
HU LL ]LD LC RHIJ U HD OZ]S ZILSG COC GUQ GHU HSLC [CN PE DLLJ ZLIQG PFC L[WO GI RLF [HZQ OU
[JG ]OLC
HO GLG OU GULW GSL >PLQNJO RHC[G ]OLWSH UHNO LSG ]OLWS RHEN@ TSHC ]OLWSD PE D
HZOJS HID VC >[LGIGO HO GLG FHQUO HO GLG CO [CN PE ZJYL [D RQJS D[OH@ FQU COH FHQUO
CO GULWO GULWD GOLWS RLD ZHOLJG PUK OU [HD N Z[ HC ZLIQG PFC RLFQ HDLLJO L PCG PLSHC[G
FHUH GQ L[QC CHIJ X[W HSD[ L[DFD U TSHCD OWSN FQU
RHFLS Q[O TH]G ]UFD C[G H[LWOH [HD N HSLF RDQ[G H[LWOH ZLIQG PFC N HSLF L[WO
HSLF LKEL PDQ[G ZTW RNH@ [HD N RHFLS PLQNJOH ZLIQG PFC DJS MNOG GOLWSD ]YZ UHWN
LSG ODC THSC OZ]S LWUC ZLIQG PFCN RHFLS RHC[G [QHO FJC H[LWO FFY CD[GH >[HDN
VL[G ]UFD C[G NNH [HD N RHFLS []HL THSC
PGL[DFQ GC[S L HSHQQ LZIS OU DLLJ HSLC TSHCD RHC[G ]QJQ OZ]S LSG CLEHTD [CHDQ E
G]LG PEH [LZWG CO PC ILWOH ICL[H FL[ [HCQG OUD LWU TSHC ]OLWS [JCO HLZIS [LZWQ PHQ CHG PUKG
H[H ZQLS D]N L[ HSHQQ [LZWG CO PC PE [HKW HD]N RDQ[GH L[ POHCH DLLJ PZOTO ]HG HO
THSC CSCF P]G GL]LH CSC HCO CSHQQ LCG FDC[G RHOH@ CHG THSC L[G GLWCD JWKH CHG
RDC OKHSG PFCO ]CI GQLFH@ ZISO P[E RHC[G LSWQ ZQLS RDQ[GH C OCHQ ]N[DH [UH > CHG
PLZOHJ KN TH]G PSQC ZOTO OHNL GLG PEG RDCG OUD ]C DLLJO RLC [G[D GJLSQH H[DJ O
>RDCG OUD ]C DLLJO L PL[DHTH
P[HEN COC [HD G[HNN DJS RLC PUKQ PC LSG O HSHQQ LZIS OU DLLJ HSLC RHC[G PE MFLCQ
TSHC ]OLWS [JCO HLZIS [LZWQN HGL[GH UHW HCO OZ]SG PUKQ HC PL[HDEG LKOH FL[G LZTW U
RDQ[ HO PSLC HOC PLON L[G
[WTG VHTD ]HDH]H ]HOCD CLEHTG ]SZTQO PLSHC[G ]HKL PHNLT FHU GC[
RCN L H[LW TH]G C]HLQTF C[KHJN [QC FLDI D[ CFON GLJ[HCO GZTWF [QC CWW D[
HSLC FLDI D[OH [HLD M[FG DJH[O OKHQ DNSN PE POHN LZISD DLLJ CWW D[O CSLFO ]ZHOJQ
GYZD ONS LSG [JC MOG LLOG LWUC IC@ RLQHTG OZQN RHTNOCD OKHQN COC DLLJ
LSG OU COC DLLJ HSLC [L HZD ODC >CHG THSCH HLOC DH[ZG RHTNOCG
EQN CQHTG FLDI D[ L[DF [WQ FDC[GH C[ CSLFO ]ZHOJQ RCN RLC UQQ VL[DH
[FZG GI RNH OZQD DH ONLGO HL[JC CDO ]H[WC L L[G HS[DULH HD ONLH [JC CHDLH HOZQD
RHC[D CHG PE ONSH VTHS [FZ CDH HLOU [DUH HD ONS
DO VF
HOLWC D]N VTHLLZHQSG [HKW ]LDJ OUD FQU PCH RH[JC G[HZ OUDH RHC[ ]LDJ OUD GLG
O[ D]N RNH G[HZG OUD [HKW RN ]HUO HN[F V]NO FQU
HZLIG PC CHG RLFG L[GH V]NO ]H[ GIOH MOGO ]H[ GIO LN ]H[D PGLS N GI COGH MN OU GQ] GJQ [LCQ [ LHFJD
ZHILS H]FLQUQ GCYH]NH FQUS GOGH HN[FN MOHG RHLN HZIHG N DJS GI P]UFO RN]LH JQ ROGOFN RLDLLJ GI ]C GI
]H[D LCQ ]D D[UD ]H[D X[ LSWQ [HKW CHG ]HQG RLD ]D D[UD LTLC GFHQH
LD[Q UFLHGL RD [WTD D]N C]NOQ GON ]C[ZO CYSH HCD CSLSJ [ [QCF CSLSJ [FN "CNLC
COLQQH ]TSNG ]LDD HC ]LDD GODZO [CQ []HL XHJD ]DG ]C ODZO GHYQ L HJLNHG CSLSJ
GHYQ [DFO PFC XH[L POHUO H[QC HQN HI GYL[D GHYQ L FQOS
GHYQ [DF ONO RLFG CHG MC ]DG ODZO XH[O GHYQ L HSFQOO ]HQG RLD ]D D[U HKZSH
]TSNG ]LDO X[ RHEN
HOLWC OHJD ODC RHO [LW L]CH@ ]DG ]C[ZO ]CYO GYL[D [QCS RLFG [ZLU HL[DFQ GC[S
>GODZO X[ ]D ]WTH] RQI CHG HSLLGH OHJ HSLLG HCO QGLD ]D D[UF UQQF OHJD
GHYQ [DFO GYL[ [CO PE PLUQH COLQQ COC
[WO GC[SH ]D LN[Y ]HSNGO GYL[ OU CHG RHFLSG [ZLU GC[S PLSHC[G L[DF ]HKWQ POHCH
PLFQO GIQH G]C[ZO GCLYLD RLSU L MNO MOQ LSW ]ODZGN CLG ]D ]ODZ HCLDG CSLSJ LD[Q
GYL[G HFHDNOH MOQG LN[YO PLY[G M[FN ]D LN[Y ]SNGO GYL[GH ]HIL[IG PYUD GHYQ L
][KHW HI GYL[ MNOG CLG FHDNG LSQQTQ GQYU
]L[D LSD M[F RLC COGH ]HQG RLD RHO [CDO C[QEG ]SHHN GC[S OLSHOQ R]SHGL HSD[ H[LWQH
CYHLD ]H[D H]YL[ IC COC ]HHYQD PG PLIL[I OC[L ON ]D LN[YD IC ZHTU ]HLGO
]DG LSW OLDZGO
PLUFHL ONG ]D D[U ]YL[D COC [HKW HSLC C[DTQ HLHFJD D]N ZTSLHHFQ GJQ [LCQ [EG
PLUFHL RLC LN DLLJ WS JHZLWO HOLWC ][JC GHYQO X[G ODC GU G]HCD PLY[G PLSC L
HSQQ [GIGO
GSDOG ]N[D M[DO X[ PFC ]HFHC OCS I[ [LCL ]HJ ]HD PLZTHWD PNTHQ [DFG RLC POHCH
DLLJO ]HSUK GQN RUKH GLG RLL[HC [D ZILSGH H[DJ O HSQ MWH ]LNHNI LON H]YH[QD [DH
[GILGO PLUFHL POHN ]HQG RLD ]D D[UD COC H[QC CO G]LG ]HSUKG RQ ]JC HFESN ]C
GHYQ [DFO ]HYL[ [CD COH
GSHQ GUQ LSWQ [GIGO [G[ LSD OU L LSWQ [HKWO C[DTG RLC GI ZHOLJ GJF P H]DH]DH
]H[D X[G RNOH ZILSG ]H[D COC TSHCD ZLIQG PFC DLLJO G[H] G]DL[ CO CHG [HKWG PUK COC
THSCDH EEHD DLLJ HSLC H[YJD X[N CHG RHFLS
]D D[UD ]HQG RLD ]YL[Q FHQOO RLC [JC PUKQ [DHG ]C DLLJO P ZTW RN LW OU VCH
ODHJ OGQ HW ]HLSHQLLQ ]HGEGD NNH LNF[QG ][DTNH CHDO GDH[Z GNJG L[G ]DO HL]HSNGD OHGD
DH[D PHQH FLJLD PE GFZO [WC L[G FCQ GOHFE GHYQ CLG PEG GSDOG ]N[DO GYL[D NCQ
GOHFE GHYQ WUC ]TSNG ]LDO X[G RLFG CHG LDG LWU D]NH X[G [KWLL LCFN HSLC PU
RHUKO RQCS HSLC COC ][KHW GHYQ [DF ONO GYL[ PE KZS O[H DLLJ ZLIGH [D PC CLG
[H[LD COD RN
]HWCO ]D LN[Y RLNGO PLOLJ]Q GUQ COC CZHF HCO ]HQG RLD L[C ]HGEGD DH]N