IO HO PLWF LLO Z[W
"OLD] HC PLQJ PLQ PU G[FZ ]D D[UQ G[LND ]HGGO []HQ PCG C S
"G[LNO OLD] HC RLQJ [LIJGO []HQ PCG D
OLD] GLOU R]LO []HQ CDDEDH ZD GHZLTG G[LN C
D[UQ PHON GLOU PLGQ RLC [LCQ LD[ LWO LCQ ]LD ]KLO PLYUDH ]WED GHZLTG G[LN
LWU LH]LJ J RLCH OHLD PLNL[Y PSLC FDOD RLQJ GLOU PLGQ GFHGL LD[ LWOH ]D
[LCQ LD[O OOG ]LD ]KLOH [WC PGLOU R]S
PQKLZ HC PLOJEG ]C V[E LCS]DH L[
RLQJ RLD OLD] RLD []HQ GFHGL [OH PHKZ HC VH[ED CZHFH OLD] CO ODC RLQJ GLOU PLGQ
PHKZ HC VH[ED CZHFH
[]HQ RL]LS]QF CS] ]UF CLG RN [WCH RHC[ Z[WD GSQG GQ]T H]HQNH GLSSJ ]UFOH
ULEG ON HN[Y ON OD]S CO OLD] PE GQHKZ HC GWH[E GSLC G[LN OU HOLWC ]HGGO
RLQJ COC PLGQ RLC DO ODC OOG ]LDO OLD] RLD RLQJ RLD LCTH[F RD ONCQO
GNH]D HC L[ GOOJ OUQ LHTLN OU HC G]W LDHU OU G[LNG LDE OU GLGG RLD ZHOLJ RLC
TH] PHKZH VH[E HSLCD [L]Q GLSSJO PE
[HTC GWH[E GSLCD ]HGGO PL[THCG GFHGL LD[H [LCQ LD[O CDKL[GH TH]G HD]N
R[G LHFJ DH CD[GH RDQ[GH HO U[H ZQKYQ HOLWCH HN[Y ON OD]SD HOLWC
COC H[TC CO LCQ ]LD HOLWC FFY CD[GH []HQ HO U[H ZQKYQ PC PLZOHJ
ODC PN[Y ON HQJHGD CZHF LCQ ]LD H[L]G RLQJGH HO GWLH ZQKYQ OLD]D
HO GWLH ZQKYQ OLD]N [HTC LNG HCOD
HO GWLH ZQKYQ ONCQG PC GQHKZH GWH[E GSLC G[LN LDE OU ]HGGO [HTC PL[DHT OCHQH D[
ON HO GWLH ZQKYQ HOLWC [L]Q GFHGL [D OCHQ D[ L[DFN RSJHL LD[H []HQ HO U[H ZQKYQ ODC
OHDQ HSLC HOLWC RSJHL LD[ [L]G ] D[ ]UFOH >ZJYL [D RQJS D[ EGS RNH@ HN[Y ON OHD
GLSSJN HN[Y ON
GQH[]G [WT C[D CDHG LWN COH TH]D CDHG LWN OCSSJ HSD[ RHCE LCG D[ GNOGO C
G[LN LDE OU ]HGGO [L]GO GLSSJN HZTW CDKL[GH GC[G FL[G TH] L[ CO[
CD[ KZS UQQ RNH RSJHL LD[ PD ] D[NH GSQ P]TN GQHKZH GWH[E GSLC
]HGGO []G RLCH GLSSJN COF ]HQHZQ GQND CLEHTG ]HUQQ MQT OU ZTW VL[G HOLCH
CO C]LLJ G[FZD HC HO U[H ZQKYQ OLD]D COC GQHKZH GWH[E GSLC G[LN OU
HZTW RNH E ]D EGDH JNZ JO ]H]OCD LCJC D[ ]UF RNH OON OD]GO OLJ]G
CES[ MH[URJOG ZTW RNH RDQ[G PLNTG GIOH R]SHGL HSD[H FE ]D PDQ[G
LCTH[F RD ONCQN CHG ON ]HGGO []HQH GLSSJN GNOG LW OU VC GI[G ]UFH
HC GWH[E GSLC G[LN LDE OU HS]LO [HTC HO GWLH ZQKYQ OLD] CHG PC PHZQ ONQ
]HSLFQG LEGSQD [DFG LHO] HN[Y ON OHD PCH@ HN[Y ON OHD CO PC GQHKZ
U[H ZQKYQ PCH >LC[ J[IQ LSDN HQYU OU [LQJGO GYH[GH OZGO KHZSO L HSOH
HN[Y ON OHD CO HOLWC []HQ HO
GQHKZH GWH[E GSLC G[LN LDE OU ]HGGO RLC C[D [DTHQG LWN J[ ]WTHS GKL
CT
]UF VTHL
OCHQH D[ FESN RSJHL LD[N HO GWLH ZQKYQ HOLWC []HQ ICH HN[Y ON OLDD COC
COH ]D ESHU ]HYQD RLZHFC OC[LH CZTLW LCGD ]HUF HD[ OLDDH C[G PLLTQH
R[GH CD[G HD]N RNH GLSSJN PLZTHWG LW OU HEGS EGSQN PGO JSG [LQJGO HUQL
CLEHTG VHTD
ON ODO GOLJ]NO LHC[G RQ POHCH GSHC[ GUF OU MHQTO HEGS CQ[G D]N RNH
OU G[FZG FLQUGO OHNL HFNH ]DO MHQT PLJ[HC HSQFIS PC MC ]DG PFHZ HN[Y
GNOG [HCD LWU HOHLD ]LYJQN Z[ GULZG FU OD]L CO VCH OD]GO KHWKWG
PC OZGO HEGS PLSH[JC HD]N UHG R[Q ]HC[HG ONN PLEGHSG J[IQG ]HFU LSD PEH
LU[EG PD L]UQ RNH PL[HCDD GIL DJ RHLYO [HC U CQ[G NHQN [LQJGO GOLJ]NO LHC[ LN
CKLO
PE []HQ GWH[E GSLC G[LN OU ]HGGO []HQ PLSWHCD PL[DHT PLSHC[G RQ L D
LCG D[ PLSHC[ GQNH C[ QGUD U PLOJEG PU G[LNG LOH OU ]JSHQ G[LNG [CN
G[FZG RHEN RCN [DHFQH GSQKG PHQ [DFG [HTC PL[DHT FHUH RDQ[ PL[WC HSD[ RHCE
PC OZGO EGSQG D]N CQ[G POHCH UHG ZTW RNH GQHFNH PLOI[D LDE OU ]JSHQ
CG RQ ]YZ GZ]SO GOLJ]NO PL[GIS COC GSQKG HI RLC GOUQOQ GTHNQ GSLC G[FZG
PLOJEG UHSUS COO G[LTGO OC[L ONHL LFN ]DG PFHZ
UQQ RNH CD[G GKS RNH CDKL[GH RDQ[G D]N LCTH[F RD ONCQO ULEG CO OLD] E
CHG LWUCH LH]LJ J GD RLC LWO GQHKZH GWH[E G[LND H]HGGO []HQ R[D
FDOQ@ [DFD PL[LQJQ PLZTHW LH CES[ MH[U RJOD ZTWS RNH L[QEO ]DD OD]Q
HSD[H CD[G ]UFD P NNH MQ[GQ CZU[ CLDG RN TLEL CQ G[IE >L[QEO LJ [DG PC
E[DSLL WJ[EG PDH COC GF CES[ GNOG [HCDD HI GUF G[NIHGH ]QC ]WD NNH C[GH GSHL
[LUGO COC ]CI GKL CLDG CO OGCDGH GUQO GIO HJO ML[Y RLC PLQNJ L[DF CDHQ CKLO
PE LCTH[F RD ONCQO ULEG CO OLD] ]HGGO [HTC GQHKZH GWH[E GSLC G[LNDH
FU GSQQ H]UF JLTQ LN []HQ OD]GO GOLJ]G CO GLJ G[FZ ODC GLSSJ ]UFO
HOLWC [HTC G[LND ODC D[ HQHJ [HS]D Z[ GI [WC MC ]H]JO CHDL COH [JQO
]HGGO H[L]G PLZTHWG [C POHCH L[C ]HGEGD KZS RNH JO TH] LWU C]LLJ G[FZD
JL OLUO PLWTHS PLK[W UUH CES[ JHC U GLJ G[FZ G[LND
FN OHLD FU FJ JHC GQ ]H[EC ]HD D]N PLQJ PLQD LCTH[F RD ONCQ [HUL F
CHG UQQ HIO CHIJDH U []HL KUQ HC HD ]FOHT FL [HULO HULEGN CHG
FL LFNO HULEG GUQ JH][O PLQO H[FG RQIGQ LYJ LO MQ [HDUL LFND
[DFG LHC[ PC [UO HSO L MNOG GI [HULD PLCLZD HSC RLC PL[QHC LH ]FOHT
JNES[ PLLJG VN LWU HCO PC ZJFG LFL OU GOLNCO
JL VF RHC[ Z[WD [CD]SH GSH PSLF [WC ]W HC LOY ODC G[FZD RCN [HQCG ON
G
FDODH []HQ OOG ]LDOH PHON GLOU [LIJGO [HTC LCQ ]LDO PLYUDH ]WED GHZLTG G[LN D
OOG ]LDO HOLWC [LIJGO [THC [LCQ LD[H GQHKZ HC GWH[E CG]
D[ [QC CL[HE [D CQJ [C HDOJ LD[ [HTC GNH]D ODC GDE OU COC []HG CO [LIJGO []HGN PE
HOLWC [HTC [HTCN ]D D[UO ]D RLD G[IJG RLFD ZHOLJ RLC C[GH TH]G HD]N C
DT
]D ]NTQ PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
CHG HOLWC [WCH PHL FHUDQ JL][GO ]HG RLC ]DO MHQT CHG ON ]D D[UD
R[GH ]DD HOLWC []HQ []HQNH >J]H[ HOLWC [HTC LCFH GQYU ]DDH@ [HTC J]H[
DES[ CQ[G D]NH ]DD COC [LIJGO PL[THC PSLC OOG ]LD PL[DHTH PLZOHJ FL[GH
TH]G ]UFO HJO MN ON M[HY RLC PHZQD [LQJGO DHK MC OZGO EGSQG
HOLWC [HTC GWH[E GSLCD OOG ]LDOH RWHC OND LCQ ]LDO [LIJGO [HTCN D
R[ RDQ[ HO U[H ZQKYQ HOLWCH TH] HN[Y ON OD]G
LH HN[Y ON OHDQD COC []G RLC ]DD GDE OU [LIJGO []HQ GWH[E G[LNDH
JO VFD GLC [CHDL LWN G[IJGO PLWTHS PLCS]
FHUDQ G[LNG RQ F[HG PC COC GNH]O [LIJGO H[TC CO R[ LWU GQ LN[F PL[DHT L E
PLZOHJ PLSH[JC FHUH PG[DCREQGH GNH]O HOLWC PL[LIJQ ]DD GOKLS PC ODC PHL
CQ[G ]KL OU MQT JQ EJ LHOG KDDH [DFD [LQJGO CEQN KLOJG JIO CHIJDH JIO DSQ UH
U VLSTO GW[YO
[LIJGO []HQ G[LNG RQ PLOJEG ON ]C CLYHGH V[E PC UQQ R[GH [HCQG OUD L[DFQ F
HIO CHIJ LWU PLZTHWG DH[ ]UF RN RLCH GNH]O
HSO PLLOQJ PL[HS] MH]O OHDQ [DF ][IJG [L]GO GOUG JQ EJ LHOG KD ]HD G
GNH]O G[IJG H[TC CO C PLL[ZLUG HLZHQLS PG PLSH ]D DYQD PLOUWHQ PGN
]UF V[YO L D MH] Z[ GO LN CO ODC DE PEH MH] PE GO L PHZQD COC
]DD OKS PC GNH]O [LIJGO [L]QG OSG CQ[G
RNH ]DD [LIJGO [HTCO KZHS GC[S G[UGD ILC G]NOGN ]D ][LQ [WTD HOLCH
JOZ QU FU FJ JHC GQ ]H[EC ]HD UQQ
[HWQ RS] [LIJGO PC L[G GLOU OLD] [LIJGO VC []HQ GDDEDH ZD GHZLTG G[LN CLEHTD UQQ
H
MN OU HZOJS [D]TQ CO ]HGO PL[DHTG VCH HS]SQD [DFG
IO VF
"RLQJ HC OLD] G[LNG RWHFO MHQTO HGQ C CS
"G[UDHG HC G]DO]SH GQKZN RLFG GQH GQHKZH GWH[E OOND PLSHFLS PL[DF HOC D
"HO U[H ZQKYQ HC HO GWLH ZQKYQ RLD G[LND OLD] ]LLGGD ZHOLJ L PCG E
" PGO U[H ZQKYQ HOCH PGO GWLH ZQKYQ ONCQ LSLQ HOC F
[]HQ CQ HC GNH]D HC G[LNG OU GSL]SN GSLF G[LNG RWHFO G[FZ ]NLQT PCG C[QED HZW]TS C
[]GO C[QEG ]SZTQ RNH GDE OU R]LO [HTC PLSWHCD PE G[LNO MHQTO
GQHKZH GWH[E GSLCD ]D D[UQ GLG
t RLSUO RG [HQC MHQTO []GG TH]G HD]N C
GC[GH CDKL[G NNH ]DD G[IJG RLSUO RG HN[Y ON OHDQ ONCQG RLCN HOLWCH
GZT ES[ CEQ FHUH G ]HQJOQ U GID PL[LQJQ LH PLSH[JC GQN HZTW RNH R[G LHFLJ D
MHQTO PLZTHWG HZOJS RN HQN EN DJ OHDI ]LD ]H HKZT P DSQ UH PDQ[G ]UFD
KIO LC RHIJ HKZT ES[ DSQ U HN[Y ON OHDQ CHG [DFD ]DD GOLJ]NO
OLD]G RLD PLZLTWQ G[LNG LSWHF RCN GSH LN CG OYC MHQTO []G RCNQ FHQOO RLC D
TH] CO
ET
]UF VTHL
GQLKZN GI L[G GZF R]W O ][HUS PGLOU R]S HC HQQU PLOJE D
]C CLYHGO ML[Y PL[QHC LH FJC FYO PLOJEG V[E PL[QHC L H[QC GWH[E C
CES[ UHD ZTW RNH G[LNO XHJ PLOJEG ON
]KUHQ GQLKZD LF COC OON [NH] CO CG FU [WCD ONG RLQKGO ML[Y RLC GQLKZD D
FLZT ES[ DSQ R[H RDQ[ LWU [DFD [NLG L PHZQ ONQ PLOJEG ON OU
DH[ PLOLE[ PLQLD OHLD M[FN CO JWD G]HC GTLN PC HFNH IE OU ][UHDG C E
]LOQJ GKOW RLSUO RLFG CHGH PLZOHJ LH GQHKZH GWH[E N GSLF PL[DHT PLZTHWG
GQHKZ OOND GI L[G HFNH PHLSQHOC [LLSD PHQLJG LWHE GTNQ PC LQOJ [HS]D RNH
CKLO DLLOC L[EGQ
HO JHS RLC H]UFD GOLE LWO PFHZG GDYQO ][IHJ GSLCH GQHKZN GSLF G]DO]SH GQKZ
L[ ]HDNO PL[GQQ PSLCH []HLD PLQJ PG PLQ][ LOJED HOLWCH OHLDG MQGD
G]DO]S Q []HL HSLLG G [ U D H G H GQKZ PC CD[G KZS RNH TH]D FJC XH[L] LWO
GSKZ ODC HN[Y ON OHD OLD] COC GD R]LO []G RLCH GQHKZN QQ GSLF RLC
GUFN OZGO PLZTHWG HD]N GNOGOH HN[Y ON OHD CO OLD] HOLWC []HQ G ] D O ] S H
YGUDH FLZT ES[ DSQ LWU []HQ HN[Y ON OHDQ HSLC HOLWC GSHC[
ODC HO GWLH ZQKYQ PC GQHKZH GWH[E GSLC G[LN OU OLD] ]HGGO [HTC OCHQH D[ ]UFO E
] D[OH@ HO GWLH ZQKYQD VC [L]QH [DFD ZOJQ HSLC RSJHL LD[ HOLCH []HQ HO U[H ZQKYQ
>HN[Y ON OHDQ HSLCD VC
LD[N GUS HSC PGL[DFN HU OCHQH D[O PLDH[Z P]C LC D[O RLQQ CDZHU D[ HO [QC
[DFD []LG EGS CFDHUF L[Q ZJYL L[D RQJS D[ RNH RSJHL
TH] HO GWLH ZQKYQD VC ]HGGO [TC C[HQC PH HSLYQ CO PHKZH VH[ED C
ZQKYQO HO GWLH ZQKYQ RLD ZOJO OCHQH D[N [DHTG CS] PH HSLYQ CO TH]G HD]N D
PLZOHJ FL[GH CD[GH RDQ[GH HO U[H ZQKYQ HOLWC [THC GFHGL LD[ LN HO U[H
ROGOF GUQD LTHL LD[ CHG D[N [DHTG CS] HSLYQ ODC GLSSJH GFHGL LD[ Q[O TH]G ]SHHN GC[S
P TH]G HD]N HQN JO
ZQKYQ RLD ZHOLJ L PCG PLSHC[G ]ZHOJQD [DFG LHS GNOGO OLUO [HQCG LWN E
HN[Y ON OLD CO HOLWCH []HQ RWHC OND HC HO U[H ZQKYQO HO GWLH
JQZ HD L LW OU VC ]WO O OLD] FDOQ HO U[H ZQKYQ JQZ HD L OLD] ON F
HD LN HOLWC PLJ[HCG LSWO HLEGO ML[Y CHG PCH [D HD LN CZHFH HO GWLH ZQKYQ
HO U[H ZQKYQ [D
VH[K [D PLOHW DH[N OLD] RGO U[H ZQKYQ L[Q]H CTLLF PLSC]Q LHUG ONCQ CFWO
JO HO GWLH ZQKYQ GYLD RNH
PN[Y ON HQJHG RLQJ HOLCH HO GWLH ZQKYQ CHG C[QED UQQ OLD] P]T
PLSHC[ PGO U[H ZQKYQ
FT