P [CDQH
GOLE[G HN[FN GHU PLOHJG ]LDO G]UTGD HC TSOHDQC RLQIGO RWOKQN RHEN LHSL LFL
PC LHSL LFL OU OF]GO L CQ[G L[DFO ODC LHSLD ]HUO ML[Y RLC PLOHJ [CD UHG ]UF LWO Z[ HGI G[UGD
HSSLSUD RLFG CHG [DFD LHGL RLC
TWH] HSLC PHZQD GJLG [JCO G]TL[UO RHWOKG ][WHW ]C [LIJGO RLC ILHO P D]N FHU
KUHQ RQI [JCO HLOCQ [DJ]Q [ZG ]HFJ ]HLIN[QD RHEN CFQ ]SJ] CWH[G OYC HZG ]C
KNZ VF
KWD ]H[UG
RDQ[G [LW ]DG ]C GLOU RLOOJQ LSC GNL[Y CO G[QC RLDH LSC GNL[Y G[QC RLD GO
OU VC MNLWO ONO PLUHFL PG OHJD ]FOHLO PLHU PL[DFDH CWH[H GQNJ P RLC [DHFQ OI
PLHU GI [DF CHG UHFL RHLN D[UO RL]QGO LSC GOHNL ]D LOU HOOJL GNL[Y LSLC G[QC LW
GIJC PLHJ ]HGZ CDSH] CQ GO PLUQH RLCH ZWTQ PLOOJQ MNO ]HNL[Y ]HLJG ONH GLJO H]HC
RL]QGO GOHNL FHUH PL[DFG P]HCO ]SNHTQ ]ZIJD GSLC GO PLUQH [DZG P]TSQ ODC
RN ][QHC GSLC CLG VCH [JC LOHJ GO RLC PLUFHL HSC RHLN LSC GNL[Y G[QC HOLWC PLO [JCOH
XHJ[O LSC GNL[Y H[LW CQ FFY FHUH@ RLQJ RLSUO GSNT GO RLC GFLO PHQ PLCLZD ONG
>PLOOJQ PLO HOLWC GLOU OOJO G[QC ODC
RLSUO H[W CO GOLDKO LCF[GS L[QC C]NOG LCQO PHL O GLJO OCHQ [QC GFHGL D[ [QC
PLOH GUDH GO KHZSO HO GLG RN PC L[NS LU G]NCOQ GO ]HUO GOUQO H[QC
CD[ RLF H]HC OU OCHQ [DLF CO UQQ PLO COC KZS CO MNQH OLUOFN
OD GLO [QC "]LJ] OD PHQ [Q [DUZ CG GD[O LLDC GLO [QCH CWL[ GLO HJOY GD[O
VHEG ]CSG HO L PEG OTWTG ]LJGO [HTC GLG ]CI COHO UQQ LO VLFU LCWHEF ]LJ]
U HS DJ [DF DLQ ]H LWU QQ M[HY OOED COC GCSG OOED G]JG [L]GO RLC RCNQH [DFD
PL[JC PLYU HO RLC RHEN RHZL] M[HYO COC G]JG M[F HSLCN [HTLC RLC HK VHEG ][LQ OG I[EG UHD PE UH
HOCQ XHJ VH[O
CLG PLOUS ]OLUS HT[ EJ [GHID UQQ HLOE[O PLOUSQ JZLH H]LD ]H[HZ PFC [HNQL POHUO
HLG CO RNC FHQO]G RQID PL[UQ LH POHUG ]HQHCQ OLFDGO GD PLSLLHYQ OC[L GHYQ [FED
FHQO]G LQLD OC[L X[CD ]L[QHJ ]HD[] U PLFHGLG FDOQ PL]DG MH]D K[WD PLLOUS ]OLUSD PLOLE[
QU [D[W F[O
MLOE[Q PLOUSQ USQ] OCH HSD UHGL LD[ ]C ZU[ GHY PL[DF GUD DLZ PLJTW UU
[HUL LN ]HLHSJ UD HKZS CZHFD D]N LQ L C]ULD[ [HUL PLUKF FU C]HSJ DO OLILOH
G]HJW RGQ ]JC ON ]HQLUK NCH ]HN[D LNF[QG RHLOED PL[HDEG LKO U GYLD UD[ FU CHG GQLUK
LZ
KNZ VF ]D
]HQLUK UD ]HJWG ONO ML[Y RN OU >GYJQH GYLD CLG@ EHOG ]LULD[ LFN RGD RLC GYLD UD[Q
CNHSZ ]HLOE[Q [[O GLJ WS ]LULD[ [HUL ]QOGO
]LD LLQJDH LSD PF ILZL ]HDC ]HNI HO L LQ [Q [QCF CO LLQJH LS ODC DU
]HLSU]D HOC PLQLD PLD[Q GIG PUKG RQH RLF LQL PG MNO FJCN RLH GKQ OH GOUQ O RLF
FOZ FJ L[W LWU PLSHSJ]DH
LN LN CHG PUKGH KZT WZ] PG[DC REQ LFN GF DW ZD TH] FOZ JHC [HK U RHY[ LQL PG [CHDQ ]HQHZQ GQNDH
PLSHSJ]GH GKQO RLFG LFL OU GC[SH ]QC]WG IND [LUG [DNH FHUH HN GD[ ]LC[D GOUQO RLF RLC GKQO RLF
RHY[ LQLO PLUSH RLFG PLZL]QQ
G PLC]W [QH PLD[ GLD HFF RHLN
[QHO ODC GIQ [GIGO LHC[G RQ GIQ ]HOJ]GO J L RHLNQ LCFH ]HL[ELT RHLU [DFD GSG
G PLC]W [QH CSHHE LCG LND C[QED C]LC [DN PLD[ GD HF RHLNQ C]SNT [HTLCQ [HTC
VC COLQQH RLSUQ HS[HFDH H[DU ]H[HFQ G[H] LOHFE GQN K[WDH CO VF GFSDH KNZ VF ]DD
GQ ]H[EC RUQ LQO PL[H[WEH C ]KHGD [HU LSWO [HTLC CNLO GSNTGO HJO RL[LQJQ HOCO
FN] ]SQ GDH] KQ DJ FHL
GID RLCH C]SNT J CHG [JCQ RUO CO G[H] LSDO K[WDH LC ONO LHC[G RQ LCFH ODC
MLQGO RLC LCFH CGF GID OE[]GO RLC LCFH COLQQH GID HOE[HG CO HOCO GCSG PEH ]OUH] PH
P PL[]L PLEHSU]H ]HHC]Q HQYU KUQO PFC ONO LHC[GQ CD[FC COC ]HCSGH ]HHC] ]HD[O HQYU
CQ] ]S HU DJ QHJ
PLSC KHULQO Z[ P]HCL[DD UEHW [DFG RLC PFC LSD GD[GO PL[DFD HI G[DTD Q]GO R]LS L]Q [CDO DLJ[G PH
[DFD [HTLC RLC P]CSGO P]HC PLONHC PLSC GD[GH PLSC ]YZO PLZLIQG PL[DF HFNH RQ [D ]OLNC RHENH ZLIQ [DFG
VTHS RLSUD G PLC]W [QH ][DT CLDG IY DJ FHLD UUH GSNT J FYQ
ZLWSF ][YUF CDK CQHL PHQ CDK CQHL LOUQ HGOHNC RSD[ H[IEH C]SNT C][YUF CQHL LOUQ
HGLLQFOH HGLL[DO HGO JDK GHG G[H] OC[L HODZ CO LCF JHDK GLQH CZLI GLD
HDNH G[H]G ]C HODLZ RHLNH ]HQG MCOQ CHG PE[GO GCDG JH[ G]HC EQ RL[FGSTD C[GQ D]N
C[ZS RNOH ]HQG MCOQ CHG U[G [YLG CHG H]HC HJDI PG PE[GO CHG CD ]J] L[G P[YL ]C
UU HQYU [YLO GEL[G ]SLJD G]LG G[H] R]QD COC PL[JC EH[GO CD LWUC JDHK COH JHDK
CL LL ]LD ]H[FD
GCD [C JH[G RQ PLC[L HLG MNLWO HI GDES GOUQ ]EGO PLSHNS OC[L HLG RHLNH
]CIG JH[G ]C GDZG PGLOU CLDG [C GOUQOQ RHLTS GID HC[ LN ][YU D[U O PHL H]HCD
]C PLQQ PHC[G IC CZHFH OHFEG PHLG D[UD PC[ OU VWJ C[HSG FJWG O HQHYLUD
JDKL G[H]G ]C HODZL CO PC GU G]HCD PDYQ OU HGH[LWH JHDK HQ CZLI CLGG
P]HC JDKL G[H]G ]ODZ D GLHC[G GODZO P]UF ZQHUD GQ [TJL PC [QHON PQFH P[D
PGLSDO HI GOHJ HL[HG FU PWHED HOJS GC[L G]HC ]QJQH HLG CON HLGH PC[HD
VHEG ]OHJH RHLW[ H]HC OC[L OU FJ]Q ][YU D[UD GSD GS LFQH POHU FU PGL[JC
CLZ
PHL H]HCD PF ILZGOQ PGQ USHQG
]UF VTHL
P[LNGOH P]SNG OU GSNG VLTHGO LFN CZLI G]HC PGLOU HULWHGD M[D]L F ]SHHN G]LG HI
PLSWD PLSW PGQU [DFLH [GG OU H]SLN F[] [CN F LSWO ]UFG ZQHUD FHQUO LHC[NH ]FN
GOHFEG ]HNIG ON ]C PGQ OHOL ]UFG ZQHUD GQ RH[TJ LN PWSD HHJL RUQOH CG MH]Q
PQFH P[D OU JDKH RHLON KLQL COC FHU COH G[HDEG LWQ G[H]G ]ODZ O
GSNGG OH FQUQ H]HC O ZHQU RH[NI MH]Q GIG C[HSG EJG ]C ODZO HSO L HOCN PLE[D
EO[ QU DJ [ CL[EO [THQ ]HJL KZO MH]Q HD ]HNIO LFN GH[F G]LG [C
PLSH[JC PLZTHWQ PLKHZLO
]UO ]UQ PG PLQO PLQL HOOG PLQL GUD PLSHC[ GQN HD]N PLOH GUD GO GLJ
LW OU VCH >]UO ]UQ PLCOQ GO PLSHC[ PLQL GOO RLFG CHGH@ GFLOG ]UQ
DH[ L[DFN ]H[HGO L MH[URJOHG ZTW RNH ]UO ]UQ PSLC D]N JQZ RFG]QH[]G
ZWT ]UO ]UQ RSLUDF ZTHW GLG LCFHD OSG PLSHC[G ON L[DF R[Q GC[ HOLCH PLSHC[G
GUQOH GNOGO FTD CDH G[HQ LSC RNH PLSH[JC GD[G NNH COHZO RSLKZS MNOLG OZGO ]HWS
[WTD D]N GQ OU ELG RLLKWU TJSLW [EG FQ QU GQO ]JSQ [WTQ P CLDGH CKLO VTHL U[EGO OC[L [HCQ
]UQ GUD DJO L P ZTWSG ]C ZLFYGH HL[DF GJF P MD[ULHC I[EGH ]UO ]UQ ]HSQO G]NOGN ]D ][LQ
DSQG L[DFQ GC[S RNH ]UO
HO Z[W G]NOGN ]D ][LQ [WTQ PLKZHOQ ]FOHLO PLUEHSG PLSLF GQN GSGH
PHL PLUD[CQ ]HJW CHG HOLWCH [DHU ]OYG PO ]D PLOOJQ C
JH]LSG ]C UYDO []HQ PCG ]C J]SO L H]OYG POH [DHUG O HLLJO J PLLZ CWH[G UDZ
G]QNTGD POHC [DHUG ]OYG OLDD GSNT ZWTD GQYU TLSNGO ]DLLJ GSLC PCG LWUCH@ ]DD
>CI[EGQ ]DD HOLWC JH]LS MH[UO [WC
GFLOGH G[ZQO GO H[FG ON ]C ]D D[UQ RLN] LHC[G RQ GSHL[GO LUL]G FHJO ULEG GC D
]HOHUWG KH[LW U [WCG ONN ]D OHOLJD KUQO LFN ]DD GLG]
LHZ L PC ]DD GULTSQ USQLGO LFN ]DO MHQT PLOHJG ]LD ]D[ZD CYQLGO ]DLLJ GCG RLC
]LDO FLQ UTL] PLCDH PLQQQ GFLO L[LY PHL FHUDQ GCH[ PC HC[D HLSLU PNJGH [DFD
PLOHJG
[DFD ZWT PC HOLWCH PL[LFT GFLO L[LY PLULWHQ ]FOO G]U GULEQ ]E[Q GCG UE[GQ E
TSOHDQCO RWOKO []HQ G]U FO] PC
]HJ CLG PSQC PC@ HSQQ DH[ZG [JC L PC PE HD GQ[S PLOHJG ]LDO UHTSO GO []HQ
M[HYG LWN P GO H[TQ]L CO G]UF LWO PC HC G]ODZ DNU]] HC GHODZL CO DH[ZG JGLDD
>CFL[E PLLWTN PLQUKQ RN ]HUO [HTC ODC []HL PLJQHQ PLCYQS HLOC GQ[S PLOHJG ]LDD HC
P RLC LWUCH PLOHJG ]LDD HELGO ONH] COH ]DO GO LJ[NG GQ ON GQU ]JZO GO []HQ
]D[HUQG [YJO TSNS CHG PLOHJG ]LDD PEH DH[LU HD L PHZQ GQHZQO TSNS DN[G PCH@ DH[LU
>CI[EG PL[DF [C GQU ]JZO ][]HQ
G]UF DL]] LFN GULTSD GLOC ]HHO]GO []HQ
DLZ
KNZ VF ]D
HC PFGN HC PJ[G ]JL]W RQI FU P]HUO [HTC GFLOO G]SNGO PLZHZI PSLC PL[DFG ON F
LFN PLQ GO JL][GO RLC RNOH ]NOO GOHNL GSLC [DNN HC ]H]O PLOLJ]Q CWH[ ]UF LWU PLQG
PL[HQCG PLSQIG PFHZ FNH REIQ HC [HC GOLDD ZLOFGO HC G]]
LFL OU ]LSHNQD GULTSD G]LDO DHO GO [HTC ]FOO G]U GULEG P[K PLOHJG ]LDD [[D]S G
L XHJD [CLGO ][UKYQ CLGH HD ]HGO PLOHJG ]LD ]DLDTD PHZQ GO RLC PC POHCH OC[L
]D PHJ] MH]D RNH G]LD FDODH L[NS HD EGHS DN[D [HIJO GO [L]GO PHZQ
]YZ LZDG ]UF LWO GO H[FG [DF ON GO PLHU G]FLO ]UQ ]HU [QHON PLQL GO MH] H
HC PLQJ PLQ ]SNG RHEN MNO GNL[Y LSLC ][QHC GQYU CLG HOLWC GL]H[DJ RHEN GCHW[ LSLUD
OLE[G GLUG RWHCQ [WCG ]FLQD ]HSO LH IHQ] ]WHZ]D HOLWCH GO [Z PC [HS] ]ZOFG
PCH ]DG ]C GLOU PLOOJQ RLC [DFD M[HY RLC GL[DFO PLQLNTQ ]FOLQGH CWH[G PC POHCH
M[HY ON GO RLC [QCL CWH[G PC PE [DF ON GO PLHU G]HCL[DO [DFG GO H[F ][QHC CLG
HD
OC[L COH GUL CHG DHK GO H[FG ]C ]HUO OHNL L[NS L PHZQD
PG ][QHC CLG PL[DFD COC G[HDU ]D OOJO RLC GUD FUH PLSHC[ PLQL GO [JCO I
CLG [NLS PC GO PLHU GZHDQ ]C ]HUO M[HY RLC [QHC CWH[G PC HOLWC ICH GO PLH[F
PSJD ]DG ]C OOJO GC[LG GC CLG HC ]QC ][DFQ
GNL[Y LSLC ][QHC CLG HOLWCH ]DD VC PGO GZHZI CLG PL[QHC ]FOLQG HC CWH[G PL[DF RNH
GO PLHU
CWH[ P RLCH PGO GNL[Y CLG ]H[QHC GCHW[ LSLUD ]YZ ]HCLZDG GL]H[DJH ]Z]H CLG PCH
PLOOJQ
OU GLN[Y ON GO PLHUH GSNT HD RLC GOHJ RLFN GSLF G]FLOO PLO VHT FUH LSLQG PHLG RQ J
OHKOK RHENH RSD[FQ PL[HTCG PLQLHTQ PL[DF OC[L LFL OU HOLWC GO ]HUO []HQ RNH L[NS LFL
][]HQ ]HWH[] ]OLKS RNH LHSL LFL OU ]HUO DHK [WC PCH G[HDU GYZHQ
]FOHLG RLFN GSLF FOHG ][LYL ]UQ PHL PLUD[C [JCO ]OWQG K
OZ VF [U GU] Z[W
ELZ
RLSUN LHSLD HCLDGO ML[Y RLCH ]DD HCLDQ ]D D[UQ LON CLDG CO PC [QHC [IULOC LD[
GS]LS GQYU GOLQ OYC ]HJFLGO ]D GS]LSH OLCHG [UD HC FLD ]FOHLO RQ ]CDGD OLUO H[QC
GNH[C GOLQN GQYU GHYQGH PL[LNQG PL[JC PLSWHC [JC PL[IJQ RLCH GL[LNQO VC ]HJFLGO
[IULOC LD[O CLG
[]HQ C[ [DHT ]HWLW[ZH ]HEE M[F CLDGO [WC HOLWC MHQTD C[QED [CHDQ GQO PUKG CHGH
PL[HCDH PLHFJ [WTD ]HNL[CD UH FHUH FL[G LZTW CD[H RDQ[ LWU PLD[G ]H[ M[F HCLDGO