LFU ULDQG UFS LFN POHN ]C GS CJLS TSZ PC ODC CHG CSHQQ GOHN RO UQQZ LCQ
ULQGO OHNL GLG LW OU VC@ RHQQD HFLQUGO R]LS GLG PGQ FJC GSH GLG HOLC PLDLLJ TSZ
HLFJL FLQ] PLLHS [CG ONH ZIS LYJH ZIS [QHO L ZWT PHZQ GLG CO ICH FDU O PLO
PL[HCDH PLHFJ LWU >P]HSO CS]O HO JHS MNOG
]HFUD MH[N PCH RL[HKW HOC L[G RGN LSC HFLU]H HCHD] CO PC PNLOU LSC ULDQ DU
[NQ PC HC P[LIJGO M[KYL HFLUGO P]HUSQLGDH GLHOH GSHGN ]HS]Q ODLZ RHEN LSHQQ RLSU HI
GN FHL ZJYL [CD ]HD UH PL[HCDH PLHFJ PLDLLJ GC[S RGN CHG ]SQ OU [DF
[JG ]OLCDH DLLJO D]N CUD OLUO [G ]LSHQQ C]HZWS PE P]HFUD L COC [JC [DF OU H]ULD]D H]SHHN PCH
RHQQG OLDD PE HO FLUGO UDH] PC COC DLLJ HSLC CDKL[G L[DFQ JLNHG
U ZDD CDHQD UUH GC[G LSLFD RCN HNL[CG OI PLSHC[G
GC[GD CDD
GODLZ PC COC HQYUQ GH G[IE [HF PFC RLC PEG HJLNHL GKHTF RLCHC HJLNHL JYH[F RLCHC
PL[DFG H[LW MC RHFZWQ ]HFU ]UHD FHQOO COC GODZG G]LG CO [QCL GZQ GQ RN PCH HD[Q
PHZQQ HC GI PHZQQ H[FO PNJG FLD G[LJDG ODC ]QLHTQ GDL] H[FO GH G[IE GODZ]S CHG
PLSHC[G NNH L[LCQ GID CYHLN PHZQ OND [WO L RNH ]HL[WG RHLQF LWO []HLD HO GC[SG LWN [JC
I OLUO CDHQD U ]HQHZQ GQND
CLG HI HFLULH LSHOWH LSHOW HCHDL LSHOWH LSHOW LSWD MO L]LSQ GSQ FYLN GULFL COD GLC[
LSWQ GUHD RD[Z PDLLJO PUKG PLSHC[ FHUH CD[GH RDQ[G H[LW GULFL COD GLC[
G]UH POHUQ PL[DF HLG CO [QC MND R[WN ZIJHG [JCQ RLF LW OU POO H]DLLJQ P]HFU
LQ RHEN RLFG RQ DLHJQ GLG COHO ODC FNH GLG RHU[W [QHO RQCS HSLC DH HSLSWD ]LSQ PLFLUQ
RD[Z ]DLLJQG RHQQ ]HFU HI RLC PLHTQ [DF OU PLFU HFLUL PC MNH MN MO POC H[DJO [QC
RLFG RQ CO DLLJ]Q RWHCD PE HKHWN L[D RLDG GC[S CD[D MC L[ ]UFD VC RDQ[G [LW RNH GUHD
PLDLLJ PLFUG
FO VF
HSLC RCN VC RHQQ ]ULD]D COC [DFQ HSLC ROGO GQ CKJ] ROGO [QCSH CKJ] RCN [QCS
PLOQ GD OUQ GOUQH CKJ] LN DH]N RHFZWG ]UHDD ROGO H[LW RHQQ ]ULD]D COC [DFQ
LWON CKJ OUH H]LQUD JNH H[DJ LWON CKJ OU GD [DHFQ G[WO OONH ][]HNN ]HQQ HOC
HI GD OUQ GOUQH H[DJO PLUEHS PL[DFD CKJ] LN DH]NG KW HGIH [Z OU UDSH G
HOC ]HSLJD L] ]HQLLZ ]HFUG ]UHDD RCN VC HFZ P OOJQH [Z OU UDS GUHDG
OHZ GUQH FHUH HSHQQ FHDLC ZIS HO P[HE GID ]HFU HO UFHL HSLC H]LQUD GJNGG CKJ] LN
OUH H[DJO ZIS ]QL[E RCN L [Z ]UHD [HTLC FDOQ PLFQO HSLYQS [Z OU UDS GOC
DG C[ZLH GQNJ MQ LWU RHQQD PL[DFD MJ[N
HY
FO VF ]HUHD
ON UQQ C]LL[DG ]HKWQ HGLLSLD LCQ MLQT [IULOC [F RLCHCC CDLZU [ "CSC MHWLC
PLTJLL]Q HL[DF UQQ COH CDLZU [ VCH RHQQ ][LWN ML[Y MNO [HZQG [WO PLCD PLCS]G
HC UZ[Z OU [DHFQG UQQ CO [JC [DF HUD] RHQQ HUD] RHOGQ FHUH UZ[ZO HC TSZO Z[
TSZ OU
COC ][JC GULD]O RHQQ ]ULD] RLD ZOJO GOCQ ]JCQQ [HF CDLZU LD[ [WO L G[HCNOH
C[QEO UQQH MWGO COH [JC [DF OU [HKWH RHQQ OU DLLJ UHFQ [WO RLCHC ][F OU MQ]TQ
LWU TSZ HC UZ[Z PE []HL KUQO CLG C[DT GOCQ H RLCHC ]HC[ZQ LS PSL VHT VHT RHLN
PL[HCDH PLHFJ
UHFQ HGLLSLD LCQ C[QEG ]OC [LWH CEQ RD L[O RHHLN HH[LW [ZLUD PSQC RN UQQ CO L[D MN OU FQU [DNH
TSZ OU HC UZ[Z OU FQOO LFN GOCQ G CD HY[]H RLCHC OU MQ]TQ CHG MN RLD COGH ]WTHS G[F CLDGO ZU[ M[YHG
UZ[Z LFU ULDQG OU PE DLLJ FQOO GOCQ G CD ZU[OH RHFZWG ]UHDDN [HKW C[O PL[WTG ONQ MWGO T[E PH
[DF HUD] UZ[Z VC RHQQ ON GI OONDH DLLJ RHQQ HUD] GOCQ ]JCQ Q [F ZU[ C]LL[DG RHO DKLG ZLHFQ HH[LWOH
[LFGQG D[G [LUG HQNH UZ[Z COC TSZ T[E CO UQQ ]YZH [HKW RHQQ HSLC [JC
CYQSH PLOQEG RLD [JHCG OQE [QHC CJC [ CLS]F CJC [F GLO ]LO LOLOEG LTHL [ CQLO
ZHOLJ RLC CJC [O [CHDQ RCN ]HLEHTG ][L]T OU OI PLSHC[G HFQU [DN HFYD EH[G OQE
PGLSLD HZOLJ RL[FGSTD HOLCH ]HWSO ]HSHQQ LSLF RLD
NLWUC CSFQHCD COH QQ GLC[ ]HFUD COC [WC LC VLLTD RLF ]LD ]]LQ RHFO PSQC [QHO LH
CDHQD U PLSH[JC GQN HD]N RNH ]HSHQQ LSLFD GOLDZ CLG ]HFU OND GWLNO GTSNGD JYH[G ]C PLSF
LSLFD PE MLL ]HSHQQD CSFQHC [JC PLNOHG CJC [ ]UFO RN OUH H ]HNQDH CW RL[FGST ]UF VTHLD
CJC [O GLO ]LO LOLOEG LTHL LD[ RCN H[QC HGIH GWLNO GTSNG RLSUO GLC[ COO GULFL ]HWS
LC GI RLF ]LD ]]LQD HSHF RLSUO ][DFQ ]HWSO ]HSHQQ RLD ]ZOJQ RL[FGSTF CLEHTG HOLCH
DJL CJ ZJYL [NI LWU QQ GLC[ LU COC [WC
G[HQE CSFQHC L PSQCH RHQQD HOLWC CSFQHC [JC PLNOHG RLCH CJC [N RO CQLLZ CO GNOGO@
]HWS LSLFD HOLWC GLOU PLNQHT ]LCFH GULFL L TH]G HD]NH ]HSHQQ LSLFD GLWO PLNOHG
LSLFD H]KL LWO D]N P ZJYL [NIDH ]HWSO ]HSHQQ RLD ZHOLJ RLC ]QCG LWO P]KL LWO HGIH
LSLFD CSFQHC GOLUHQ RLC IO RL[FGSTD GQ[G ]KL CLG RNH POHUO CSFQHC GOLUHQ RLC ]HWS
[DFD ZOLJ CO Y[ ]O PDQ[GO ]HHYQG [WTD PE UH OON ]HWS
GQ[ FLH KQZ CEQ RD L[ ]HD U HCO PC PFCG OHZ ][NG LWU ]HFU GOLUHQ PCG PLSHC[ HZOJS RNH
PLNQHT PCG PLSH[JC HZOJSH GULFL ]HFUN CLG PL[DHT PL[LNQG PLSH[JC H[LWH IT RL[FGST
GOLUHQ GSLC GULFL ]HFU CLG HCO PC D QHJ T]J ]H IT RL[FGST [U ]HWS LSLFD VC GLOU
FZT GO KWQ [U IZT CW KWQG ]HDL]S LWU ]HWS LSLFO
OZF HC[ NJCH GFO TSNS HGHC[H LSHOW O OZF UFECH MOC [QHCH HFLD RI[E IJHC LQD ]HUF L] HQ ROGO L[LCQD UUH
UHFE
PLWCSQG M[FN HGI DNH CYQL LN DH]N PHQ PLWCSQG M[FN ]HFU GOLUHQ HSLYQ ]HL[UD
QQ H]OLDK ]C PLSLLFG ]O HC[ CO [E ]OLDK ]HFHC ZTW DLZ EJ FHL GQ ]H[EC ]HD
HIN G[H[D GULFLD ]HFU D]NH QQ GHZQO HC[ ]TSNG HC[ COH [HJCQ HFQU PGQ PLS COC
IY
]UF VTHL
COH RHQQO CHG DL]N KWQ [E CG ]HWS LSLFD OLUHQ CO PC VCH GLC[ COO VC GOLUHQ
> EN COH FD E COC RSLN[YQ CO L[GF ]HWSO
JK RD RHUQ LD[ [DHT PC LFLD [HTQ MQF RLC GUC GQ ODC JK RD RHUQ [C CLS]F
RLC FHUH QQ ML]LC[ CO FJC PUK MN HL[DF [WO ML[Y CSFQHC [JC PLNOHG RLC RSD[N
RL[FGSTD C[QED RN HT[EH PLSHC[ LWU PLFU RCN RLC LFLD [HTQ MQF
JK RD RHUQ [F HFHDN PHQ PH[LNIG COH PLJNHS PL[JC PE HLG H[W IO RL[FGSTD TH]GH
FQHCQ COH QQ HC[ PLS UQQ [QHON PLFU PLS LW OU G[H] G[QC L[G H[QC GQH
PL[HCDH PLHFJ UH
WUC CFN RL[FGST PDQ[G RHOQ ZLLF GQ LWU JK RD RHUQ [ L[DF [W DJL ZJYL [NID
]C HFLEG PC OON UFHL HSLC HQYU RLLFG L[G PLFU LWQ GULQD Z[ HGI CSFQHC [JC PLNOHG RLC
PLCH[ PQYU PLSLLFG ON ODC FQHC OLUHQ RLC RNOH PGLW OU RLFG MH]JO GHHYQ COC ]QCG
RLC HO [QC HGIH CJC [ OU PLZOHJG PLQNJO HOLWCH ]UFG RFQHC LW OU RHFO PLOHNL CSFQHCG
LWU GWLNO GTSNGD HSHFO PLOHNL HLG GCH[ GLG ]HWS O RLF ]LD HOLC LFLD [HTQ MQF
LSWO CDO COC HE[HGO ]H[ HO RLC L[G LFLD [HTQ MQF RLC ML]LC[ MFDO LSC RHLN COC CSFQHCG
OON CSFQHC OLUHQ RLC GIN RWHCDH FLUGOH FD
[DFD FU HSLC PC ]QC ]HFUG WUC [QHO [Z ]HFU DL]N COH [Z FU MU[D GSU] CO DH]N MNO IQ[O L@
>H[]L GQNJ MQ LWU FLUGO [HTC
HO H[QC GQ LWON ]C CSHSQG RHOG [WO L C] OHU ]C CSHSQG GLO [QC DU
DLG [CN GI LWON [Z EF CSHS[Z COC ]C PJ EF CSHSQG HCO P J[ H[LWN GN RLHFZD
PLLJ ][H] C] OHU CSHS[Z COH ]C CSHSQG HO [QC H]OC OU REHGN HO
]FJHLQ GFWZGD L Z O L [ O H]KLH HN[F OU G ]HNQDH HN RL[FGSTD CDHQD U
R[WN ZIJHG LZO L[ [QC
]QCG ]FLQ OU
RHUQ LD[ G[QC COH HDLD GLHS CLG [QHO C]LL[DG ]T[E OU H[LW CD[UQD GOU HNJQ
HNJQ L]N LWU ]ZLHFQG GCYHGD GN H]T[EH CDKL[ HNJQF PHOH TJ RHUQ [ OU HOLC POHUQ
[WO M[YHG MNOH HS]T[EN GOU COH G L O U
HQNH@ ]HH]H[IEG L] HODZ]S HLG PLODHZQ ]HFUQ GO [QES GOLUQQ GO [QEFC CNHJ HSLLGH
CD[ LWU ]HFUF EQ COH GOLUQF GH G[IEQ FHQOO [JD UHFQ HZG MNO >]QCG LWO CHG RN
FQOG RQ PLFQO RLC L[GH GOLUQQ FQO HQYU RHFZW LW OU VC RHFZWQ GO [QE]H ]HFU [FG]H
FHQLO HSLC RCN RN ONH ED FQOQH [IHJ GH G[IED FQOG [DF S PLJDID H[QC COG PLFZD
CDKL[ FLIQD COH PG EEHD ]HSD[ZG ON KUQN RHLN CQOUD C]OLQ LHOLE COC [HQE
JY
GO VF ]HUHD
GO VF
KWD PL[HCDH ]H[UG
O P]UF PE ]SDHQ PHZQ ONQH CNHJ RCN RLCH LHKLD ]UHD LDE ]HFUO CSQJ[ GD]N LNGO
CDKL[ P]UF ]HJFO [WC COC RHFZWQ VOL]H ]HFU [FG]H GOCG PHQ LNJQF CD[UQ LSD
PLSHC[ HD]N FU LWQ FU ]HFU HO RLUFHL PGH LSHOWH LSHOW LC PNLOU LSC ULDQ
GFEGO PLLHC[H PL[N PSLC RHLN PSLQCGO RLFG LOUD P]HC HODZN HOLWC HSULQQ FHUH
[DFD PLSH[JCG HNL[CGH PL[HKW
RDQ[
HLFU FJL CO L[GH PNLOU LSULDQ PGO [QCH RGLSLD HLFUH RLFQHU PFC LSD O GULT GC[
[W PLLJ ][H] [WTD HLFU FJLL L[GH FU CHGH [QHO FHQO] RCN RLFQHUG ON [QC HOLWC OHNL
H]SHHN UQQD RLC P]TD ULDG PC >R]SHGL HSD[H L[W ]HUQQN COF PDQ[GQ RN ZLLFH@
PC HGHFLUL GULTG ON ]C FJLL L[G RCN RLFQHUG ON [QC PC ODC FU FHJL RCN RLCH GULTG ON OU
OCHQ L[DF OU HZG HQNH L HFLJ GQ HLFU FLO HSLC PC OCHQO UHLTGH ]HFU HO RLUFHL
CDKL[O RHHLN OCHQO C[QEG ]LC[D HH[LW [ZLUD CKLW
ULDQ G[H]D G[HQCG GCHHYD PNLOU LSC GHYQ G[H]D G[HQCG GUHDD PNLOU LSC ULDQ
LHSLN HC P [LNIL ML[Y POHUO UQQ L[Q GUHDD PNLOU LSC GHYQ GUHDD PNLOU LSC
LHOG L[H FDC[G ]UF RNH DD ]HUHD PDQ[G ZTW RNH
PNLOU LSC GHYQ PD PNLOU LSC ULDQ H[WD LLDC [QC CO UHFQ RN PC GZG CD[G POHCH
GUHDD PNLOU LSC GHYQ [QC GFHGL D[ L[DFQ FHUH " GUHD [QCH PG LLDC CLYHGH PD
GFHGL D[FQH " G[H]D G[HQCG GUHD O M[YHG GQO RN PC P [LNIG CO JNHQ G[H]D G[HQCG
RNH PLDLLJ GUHDD PNLOU LSC ULDQ [QC PC LHSLN HC P [LNIG CO HOLWC LLDCO PE UQS
PL[HDEG LKO UUH GUHDD P ML[Y RLC CDKL[GH [HCQG OUD ]UF CLG
[QCZ RHSJ CHG LQD PHJ[ CHG LQD LCFH RHSJH PHJ[ L[ZLCF CSL[JC LFLQ CNLOF RHLN
DU
RHSJ DH]NG OU GSHL HSD[ O HH[LW OU GZ RCNQH@ P]T RHSJH PHJ[ C[ZSH [CH]Q PFC RLC
" RHSJH PHJ[ PFC C[ZS HSLYQ COG HH[LWOH PL[HQC PL[DFG G ]C C[L LCG OU ZLFYH PHJ[H
CDKL[G LWU >PFC LSD RHOD RN C[ZS RLC PHZQ ONQ HL[DF LWO [QHO LH
RHSJ HQ LQD PHJ[ HQ LQD [QC [WQ EDD PDQ[G POHCH RHSJH PHJ[ [QC [DHFQ PL[DFG ]KLG[Q UQQ
GSHL HSD[ H[LW OU LFLQ GZ CO GI LWOH PLWC M[C HQ LQD
]HC Z[ D]N PC UQQ ZJQS LFQ ]OF RL ZJQS HSLC GI L[G PLZOCQ FQO VOC D]N
J[ ]KL OU ]HZGO RLCH@ ZJQS LHGH ]HZOC PD HOLWC ]HUQQ PH GO RLC RHLN ]JC
CHG RHLN ]HSFC P GSH [QHO L ]HUQQ HO RLC PEG ZJQS HSLC ]HSFC PQ ]OF VOC
PLLJ ][H] > LHG P ]DL]N
KY
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[LQJGO CUZ PLD]NH PLZTW RFG ]QH[]Q UQQ RNH ]HSFC O GFDO VOC D]ND HOLWC J[O [HTC CGL ILWO G[HCNO
UUH GZJQO [L]GO RLC OHFE M[HY RLC PC MNO LHG P ]OLJ] CLG GSHC[G FHLG CQ RLFHL LS RLSUO MNJ [DFD
KOZ JOZ DJ FHL GQ ]H[EC
PLLJ ][H] CDKL[
HOHN D]NS CO ON ZJQS ]HL]HC L]Q []HL D]N HOLWC ] H C D Y PDH
HC Y G COC HQYU LSWD GI P C[ZQD HSLYQ CO OC[L P OU COC ]HCDY C[ZS CO
PLLJ ][H] ]HCDY PLC[ZS OC[L O PLZOC G UQQ Y PLZOC
GSG FDOD FJC COC DH]N RLC P H]HC FDOQ PSQC GIQ XHJ OHJ KHOD PL[HQCG ]HQ ON
C[GQ UH C[G TH] CDKL[ PL[JCG O CKGL[ DEC ]HQ ON KZSH CS H[HT LSFC CS
C[[E DEC ON [QC [QHO L ]HQ LS COC RLC ]HDSD RNH
TH]G ]KL OHJ [QHC [IULOC [ RLQLSD ]UDED PL[HQCG ]HQ ON OHJ GNLQD
COC FJHLQG P RN]L CO MN OU GQ] P RDQ[G POHCH FJHLQG PD PLDH]NG P]HC HOLWC KN
HGSLN C[ZQG [IULOC [ L[DF [WH GOU]L GHDEO FJHLQ CHG C[ZS CHG MN P OU FZ
G[WD PLGOC P LQS LC HZJQO []HQ RLSUO [IULOC [ [QC COH FJHLQG P D]NH PFHDNO
CDKL[G ]UF CLG RNH MN [IULOC [ [QC CO PHOH TJ FJHLQG P CO ODC HL[DFO ZHJQO []HQ
OLUO
[H CDKL[D UH RCN
CHG GIQ XHJ OHJ OCLSFD PL[HQCG CLNOQ ON FZ PL[LG [LD RL[HQCG GQO ON
GNH PLSHC[ [C NNH [ZLUN RDQ[G KZS RNH HKE C[G ]H KH ]GHTL PDQ[ PLSHC[G HD]N FZ
[CN RZJQO []HQ COC GZLJQ [HTLC RLSUO FHZ H[QC CO CUZ RFG ]QH[] LZTWDH IUZ CJ XD]D
C[ZS LQD OOZQG RLSUO HC G[FG RLSUO HC PGD ULDQG RLSUO FZ PG GSLQ CZWSH PLLHSLN
GD GQO
HSLC GD GQO HL[DF ]OLJ]D RDQ[G FFLY RNH GC[S P C[G ]HD JLOYQ LD[ L[DFQH
ZJQS
LW OU HC X[CG ON M[FN PL]Q PLZOJ GQJ [QHON CULZ[F C]HNOQO GQO MO VOCG
XDUL[ UUH PLSHC[ Q FJC COC GLSLFD EH[GO ]H[ RLC ]HNOQO MC PGLOU GSLN RL[FGSTG
FISZ FHL CHIJ UFLHGL RD ]HLJ X[GQ
[WQ I ]HHYQG [WTD PDQ[GH PLSHC[ [CDH L[D U UD] OCH UDG G[H] G[QCH OLCHG
CHO CG P ]C C] CO PHQ HSLLG UD] OC HL[DFQ GC[SH UD] HQDH ]HYQ UDG
LWU GHYQ PHZQD CO UDSH G PD Q]Q PHQ CHG [HTLCG GHYQ PHZQD CO PSJO [QHON
L[LCQD PE UH DI JHC CJ RHLYO [HC ]H
Z
GO VF ]HUHD
PLSH[JCH PLSHC[ PLZTHWQ PLKHZLO
PG LS[IUL GN RHOD UDS PFC ]HFHC D]N DQ]] HL]HDH]D CD[G RLLHSNG ONDH
D]N PJSQ L[DF [WTQ CLDG ELCL ]HN[D ]N[UQ FQJ LFDH PLLHSLNN GI L[G PD GUHD ]DJS
GIQH CHG PHON HCO PG [QCH GN[D M[DQG FO UGC VTHL G]LD PLCDHQG DL[G L[DFQ JLNHGO
E DJ PL LZLWCD GI OND U P LOD GUHDN HI L[G GUHD RLSUO RLFG CHG JLNHG
D]N HQN PLZJQS PSLC ]HQ GUD COC OLUHQ RLC ]HN[D RLSUOH LHSLNN COC HSLC GUHD RLSUO OLUHQ PC VC GC[SH
[LNIG PLZOC PD VC PL[QHC LH S ]HC P RHLYG [UDH ML[D GF ITZ GNOG [HCDDH P RHLYG [UH FFL[ DSQD
INQ FJ JHC GQ ]H[EC FL[ LTO G[UGD G[ CJ LHOG KDD CDHQ PL]W ]JSQ CYL CO FJHLQG P COO GN[DD
GUHD RLSUO DL[G L[DFQ JLNHGO RLC GI LWOH
] Q C D PL[QHCG PLSC L D]N HQZ] FHQU ]HQ IUHO PUQ KHZOL H[WTD LOHN DZUL LD[ RHCEG
GH [QCS HQN ]QC C[ZS GDZG RHLN GUHD HI ]UFO L MC PHON MND RLC PLDHJH GLG MN
RHSJ H PHJ[ N GI L[GH ]QC PLZOC
PL[HQC HL[DF CQH PLQ LWON LHSLNO GSHHN OON RLC ]QCD PL[QHCN PHLN ODHZQG [HDLFD ]HUQQG LWO GC[S G[HCNO
GUHDZ GNOG MNQ FHQOO RLCH IC ][DHFQG RHOG LWN H]UDH HQHZQD Z[
Z[ [NIHQ DGW JHC UHD RLHULH@ GSHQC ][NIG L[WH CTNG ]LDD C]HSQLG ][LQC OU HSF L ]DQ JLNHGO RLCH
LWON UDSG ]SHHN PHQ CHG GUHDD LHSLN OLUHQ GI GC[S RHSJ H PHJ[ PLLHSLNN LHGF UQQH > GSHQC COH RQCS
LHSLNG ]OUQ PHQ CO ODC > PHJ[ HQ LQD [QC PC CZHF UQQ DD PDQ[DH@ RHSJ HQ LQD H[QC HQN GDZG
RHLOUO LHSLNN PL[DFQG ]SHHN RLC ON MNOG GUHD LHG NWUCH XJ[QG ]LDD PLLHSLN [LNIGO []HQ COG UF] HQYUON
UYH GUHD HI RLC
LNF[Q GQ [ RHCEG LSC[G PG HFZ [DN ZJQS HSLC HL[JCO PL[QHC PL[JC DU
PC HLSWO OWKSG D]N NJCH PG PLFZGD FHLD ISDCGH RLLEHTD CDKL[G HZOJSF CKLO [ESLIOH
C[EGQ CO PC PG HFZ PC HL[JCO OWKSG [JCO HD]NH PG [JLCH CO HC OWKSG ]C PG FZ
CKLO OYSDS
RLC C[ZQD PLULWHQG ]HQ OU KH[LWD RF IUZ CJ XD]D GC[ G[H]D PL[HQCG ]HQ ON
PFC LSD O ]HQ RHEN OHJ H]SHHN P ON [DFG OONH OHJ HC FZ PG PC G[H[D P]HUQQ
FHZO H]SHHN P ONH ZJQS PLOLOCO TJLD PLGOC ]HQ RNH > FNH OC HSQU LF L[HY @
ZJQS HSLCH HFZ [WHTG CQ HJO L RCNOH RCNO ]HUF LNH ZJQS HSLC
ZHFGQ C[ZL ZJYLD IOZ FJH CIQZ DJ DEL CJ LHOG KD EFTZ FHL CHIJ U OHJ O P FLZ [WHT RLSUD FHU
RCN L[LCQG RHOD UH CL JHC PHOGH PLLJG ]H CQ
]SHHNO CO P [LNIGO []HQ DO EJ [IULJCD CDHG JJT FL DL]S PJH[L HSD[ D]N P][NIG RLSUO RNH
DHLNH LF L[HY RHEN PG
PG ]HL]HCN GL]HL]HC GOQD PG ]HFZ RLC GI [DFD ZHWZWH J PH RLC CN ]HFJG OHFE [HC ]HD GC[H
PLGOC RUL[L [C ]DL]N ]HFHC OU RL[FGST L[ ]UF VTHLD CDHQD UH GIQ [DFO LCFN HSSLC KUQN FU [JC GSLSUH
THQOHZG ]KLOW GC[SNH [ZJ ZLQUGO LFL O C O RLC [GHUD RHLU[G ]NHDQ LOE[OH HN DJ PL[LQ DDHF ]H UUH
CZ
CLG
]UF VTHL
]HNOGG [HZQD RHLU COOH LHOG KD ]HQ PDH[D ]HKZHOQG P]ZLJQH ]HQ ]HFZ RLSUD ]HNOG LK[W O KUHQ KZO GSGH
GUQO GNOGO RCN HD]NS CO RDHQNH
[LQJG GQO RHLU ML[Y FUZ EJ LHOG KD ]HD D]NH >HL]HL]HC RLD FL[WQ HZ@ OC D]HNN [LQJG [ISLSDCG C
RLC HZ PGLSLD GU NJCH PLZHJ[ OH C D]N PC ODC O NJCH HZ GU HL[JCOH C D]NN Z[ PL[HQC HL[DF LOHCH GID
H][QHJD CDHK UY MN PEH [HTLC
]WTH]G ]C ZHJQO []HQ J[Q]SH JO HLFG FHUD GUL[LG OU HFEDD [DU RHEN GSHHND CO [WHTO GN[C]S P O ]HC D
HK CJ LHOG KD
CO FHUH JO HLFG RHLN P]ZHOJQ [CD JQZ LTH JOZ LT DJ LHOG KD UH P NGZSH M IK CQ[D GFU[ FHL UH
RHFLSD RLLUO L ILWOH GSHLOUG GDNG ]C CLYHGO [HTC UHNO DLL]SN ODC D]NG RQ ZOJ HSLCF OL UDZSH [S
]HCG RQ ZOJ CHG RLLFU J[Q]S [JCO PEH ]HCD GHFZD PHG HLFG L[G [HQCG
HLF ]WLK PG OU GOWS HC PG ]HL]HCD GULES E
HEGS [DN ]HCG ][HY PYU ]C ]OTHW GSLC GZF GULES ZHJQO J RLC GFL OU ]HCG ][HY GOTWS G[HQE GULES
PLOZQG OU MHQTO L LOHC HCO PC ]HCG ][HY GOTWS PC ZWT GULESG ]C Z]SO ]HL]HCG RLD F[EQG [DFD [HDUO GNOGO
KOZ FJ OGD LCFHQ G][HY OTWL] LFN RKZ LU HLF ]YZ ]HCG OU VLTHGO LCFN PHZQ ONQH
]HCG ]C ZHJQO [HTC ]HCG ]H[JN [HJ HSLC OWS HLFG RHEN ][NLS ]HCG PC PGQ ]HC OU HLF ]WLK GOWS RNH
PLQ ]NCOQQH QHQ CLDG RNH HO GJQ ]L[C ]H CQ[G ZTW HQN []HQ ][NLS GSLC PCH
]C [H[EO []HQ C CJ PL[LQ DDHF ]HD D]N ]OFEQ ]LNHNID COC [NLS FH[LWG RLC RLUG ]LC[QO ]HL]HCD GULES
PFC PHO RLUD [NLS HSLC FH[LWG PC GULESG
IDF[G L[DFN ZHJQO []HQ CGG ][HY ][NLSH FCQ GZF GULESGN HOLWC EED ]UEHS ]LOCQG GOE[ PG O CG ]HC
HSZ HJ LHOG KD CQ[G ZWTN COH O[GQH
GDL]NG [JC G]US GULES
G]JG M[F GZLJQG RLC ]HOHTW PC ZWT RHLN F[EO [L]GO PLEGHS HSCH P OGCDDH HNZDO [LQJG G[H[D GSQD
FL[WGO []HQH@ G]JG M[F GZLJQ RCN RLC []HL GCSH [HLQ D]NG COC OHTW RCN RLC HOLWCH GULESG PHZQ FL[WGO []HQH
DSQG ]KLO PE GL[JCO HC GDL]NG ]UD G]LG GULESG PC ZWT DSZ HJ LHOG KD >GIHIQG L[HJCQ L F P
P GNOG [HCD CZLWT ZWT PUKQ []HQ
GQ ]C ZHJQL P]TDH GZLJQD []HQH FZ]S CO ][]HLQG ]HCG [JCO D]N GQ ON HUYQCD ]HC HO VLTHG P F
KSZ HJ LHOG KD HQO DH]NLH MN [JC D]N
GSZL]N GDL]ND COH ]HNH] ZJ LU G]US HCH ]HCN PSQC ZHJQO [HTC GSH[JC CG D]N COH HCHH CGH FHL D]N G
FFSZ HJH HQZ DJH GIKZ CJ P GZLJQD CLG ][]HQ
KHW CGH HCH MN [JC D]NH P]TD OTHW ZTWGG RWHCD DH]NO MLQG LSWO GDL]NG ]UD GSHC[ CG GZTWS H
FC DJ ZJYL ]JSQ UH HQZ DJ P GZLJQD []HQH OON P RCN RLC
FFSZ HJ P ]HNL[CD C[EG D]N HQNH P CHG ZJQS HSLC LCFHD [ZLUG GLGC P ]ZLJQ I
[HTLC GID GCH[ HSLC D]NH JOZ DJ FHL GQ ]H[EC ]HD MN OU OCS D]NQ ]OLJ]D GD PLD]HNG ]HFHC J
HSL]HD[ L[DFD GI [NIHG CO [DFD GCH[ LSLC LQS HD]NL CZHFF FLWZGO ODC VLTHG POHCH RHLID LFLO HCHDL LHYQ RLCN
GQHFNH U[G RHON PL[HTC PL[DF PLQUWO PEH ODG L[DF P PLD]HN PLQUW GD[G OHJ LD]NQ OU DH]NO MLL GOUQ GILCH
RHLID [DFO Q]GOH M[HYO CO GZLJQO HJO L RWHCD VC [HTCO CFLWZ PH RLC FTD D]HN PCH GD GI OU H[LNIL
LOHN HC[ZL RLG OLDD COC HFZG PQ ]HC HSLC CGG PE [LNQ RLG LN OON CFLWZ RLC LQS LGIUD HD]NL PC RNH
M[D]L PG ][IUD CQOU
DZ
GO VF ]HUHD
PLSLSU
GSLN LSW ]ODZGQ []HL RLJ[HC ]TSNG GOHFE
PLJ[HCG ]C TLSNQ GLG HI CF[LK MH]Q HSQQ ZO]TL CO GDZGO HO [QC H[FQH
MND HSQLG ZO]T] CO OOW]Q GLGH GSLNG ]C ]HZOTQH ONG ]C ]HDD[UQ ]HF[KG
H]FLZ OKDO PFCO LHC[ [QHON GSLN LSW ]ODZGQ PLJ[HC ]TSNG GOHFE H[QC RCNQH
L[LCQ PLJ[HC ]TSNGOH ]HL[DG FHDNO H]HFFHD]GH
PLJ[HC ]TSNGD ZTU]GO LFN GSLNG LHOLE ]C GU HSLDC PG[DC JLSG MLC GHQ] ]QCD
CLG []HLD PL]HJWO HOLWC PLJ[HC ]TSNG LN RLSUG ODC "G[IGFHDU LFDHU PL]HJW PLLD[UO
]HS]QD GSHLOU LNG ]HZLDFG CLG GCHDSQ HOLWC []HL GZHQUH GOHFE GSLN ]ODZ CLG
PLQ
L[G ]LUQ GE[FQ HQN PFCD ]HULDZ GO RLC RN OUH RLSZ COH GS]Q CLG GCHDSG LN PUKGH
]OHNL HO GLG RN LW OU VCH HNH ]C DLKL] PC COG HNH MO G[J GQO G HO [QCH CDS]G RLZ
]C [LNGO HDO LSLU ]HJZWS ]HULESG ]C ]ZOTQG FTJG GUQD ODC ODG ]C EH[GO
LSW ]ODZ HO L HD ]LSZS [C GSQQ [HULG LWOH UHDZH ZHQU RLSZ GSHQCG GSHZH ]QCG
HO GLLHG HO GSZ [C GE[FQ CLG G]UQ H]HGQH HDO MH]D ]]QHCQH ]LFLQ] GSLNG
QU DJD UUH QU CJ HGLOCQ D]NQ XHJDQ GS]Q COH
PFC O H]DHKO GZHZI GSLC POHUO GSLNO GDHK COH PFCO CLG GLNI GSLN LSW ]ODZ
LSW ]ODZO GNHI LQ ][QHC ]CI PLJ[HC ]TSNG HD PLLZL LQO ZHZI PFH [D J[HC HOLCH
GOHFE POHUO GSL]SH R]HSG CHG PLJ[HC TLSNQG GI FESNH R]HS COH ODZQ COC HSLC GSLN
]LZOC GODZQ GOHFE ]LHSC GSL]S HOLWCH GODZQ
GODZ HOLCH HSHZO GQFLQ CHG H]OHIO HDHKQ ULWQ PFCGN HSLLG GSL]SD [DF O HZQHUO
O GSLJDO GOU]Q PFC ]LHSCG G[LWTD GSL]SD CZHF CYQS GOUQ O RHLQF PH GO RLC
GGHDE GE[FQD LH[ CHG PSQC GSLN LSW ODZN HOLWC ODZQ CHGN RN RLC GQ GOUQ
GD RLC GOUQ O GSLJD MC
PLUQ LWHEQ CLG PLJ[HC ]TSNG HOLCH PLUQ OU OHQE CLG GSLN LSW ]ODZ FHUH ]CI
]HHYQD ]JC GU GWL H[QC CHGH G[HNDG KWQ PGOH PFC O HFLZW] PG PG PLUQH
FHU UH QU PLQNJ FHTQ MH]Q CDG POHUG LLJ ONQ GIG POHUD KUQH
D[ S QU DJ [H LOU DT QU DS] POH[L RH[NI LSDC G[ LLJ OCHQQ PD PLQUKH PLSLSU FHU GC[H
GU[]
FZ PL[LG [LD RL[HQCG GQO ON
L[G H]FQD ]HQOO PFC ULEG CO RQI ON RNHWLGD ]SJDS ]HFQG ]HQO PLQNJ H[QC OON
[T H]FQD []HL PO GUSH GNHI PFC ONNH OHWLH ONL CQ GNHWLGQ ZJ[]QH MOHG CHG
]HQOG ]LON]O ULEQ PFCNH []HQG OHDE OND GJKDD FUHYH RHONG RQ FJWG HLOUQ
HOLCN PFC LSDO PLC[S HLUQ FU GFQ G]HC PHJ]D PLUQG ON OU KLO GUS H]FQD
EZ
H]FQ MHWLG
]UF VTHL
H][LH HL[DF VCH RLOHJLOHJD Z[ ZTHU HGHC[ HLFES]Q MOQG GQOD HSFQO GID CYHLN
O H]FQ G]OES P CZHF ]QCG ZQHU LWO GSGH GLU[H FHFD PLEHGG PFC LSD LKHW ON
PLFZ FZO ULEG MOQG GQO
]OLEQ LHSLND HOLWC ]JC G[NIC GD RLC FHZG LD]N ONQ PL[LG [L ]OLEQ CLG ]JC
GOYGH JH[ LHSLND G P GD L ]HOED H[CS RLLFU PLSW []TGD OHJD GD]NS []TC
FDOD OQ Z[ GOHN COC OIJ L[DFN HEH P H Z Q Q PLFHGLO FHQUL
GIQ XHJ HO PHOG LQO [L FHZ PL[LG [LD PL[HQCG GQO ON PLQNJ H[QC RNH
[L R]LS PHLN LCFN HOHN POHUG ON RLC C GD[ PL[LG [L H[QC FHUH GQO MO VOCG
PLFZ FZ PL[LG [LH FZ PLDH]NG ON OC[LO PL[LG
HQYU FZQH GIG POHUG LSLSUQ HQYU H[WO H]HOWQ PQH[]GO PFC GNHI PC FZ RN
[]HL GOUS ]HNI PFC GNHIN PLFZ FZ HOLCH GSHLOU GHFZD ZDFS FU HO []HQD
G]HH ONHC GSHLOU GHFZD PL[DF HO PLUS PQYU PG PGD ZTHU GIGPOHU LSLSU ONH
OND G[H GSLNGH []HQG [DF ONQ [HW HSLCH ESU]QH X[C M[FD ZTHU GSGSH OLLKQ
[ZLU UHDZO CDH HL]HQOHU ON JLSQ PLQOHUG ON RHD[O [HFQ HUS HLFDH XU RH[CN HLUQ
P [LNIGO M[HY RLC DH ]CI GOUQO GNHI PFC RHLN ]HHFZD GOHFEG CLG RCN H]SLN
RG ]H[NIC HLUQ ONH HWHE ON HQYU GQO [HWQD G
H]HZDFQ HD ZTHUG PFCG ]C FL[WGO LHU IGHUG LSLSUQ PFCG GUQ ON [QHC G]C RNH
CHG VC GUQ H]HC PE ]HOUGO PFC GNHI RHLN GI GUQD L IGHU ]DHK DH[Q HLZOCD
IGHU ]DHK DH[N PLUQG ONQ []HL FHZQ GUQ GUS IC PLLJ PLZOCD ]HZDFO HCLDL
RLC DGHU ]DHK DH[O GN[D ZLIJQ LON ]HLGO H]HOU]GD CHG MWHG MN GUQ H]HCD L
GSQLG GOUQO
LHSD HOHN FZG LD]ND PLFZ FZ CHG PL[LG [L GN[DO PSH[NI HSL]HD[ H[QC MNO
OQ GOHNH ]HQFC LOU PLLJG ]HZH] ONQ GIU CLG GLU[GH FHFG RLD GDGCG OU
GUS FH[LW ONH VHT GO RLC GDZO OC[L ]TSN RLD GDGCG G]HC OU FJL PE OQSH
POHUO FHU PLF[W]Q PSLC FU PLZDF]QH PL[IHJH PHLZ HO RLC PGLSLD
FHUH QU XH[J ]HDJQ U RLODHOQ RGNG L[WTD PL[DFG [HZQH DHKLN CC[ LSZIO ]HNOQ []N MH]Q
CL PL[L FHT FJ PLOUW D[ ]HD UUH
HO GQFS [QHON HLSWOQ ODC PGO OWKSH G FDHU PFC PEG H[LW PO OWKG ON
L[G IC H]HQYU JND G[H] FQHOH G FDHU CHG LN C[HDG [IUO ML[Y HSLCH ]LG LSWO MOHG LN
HL[JCQ PO OWKSG ODC RL[LD] RLSCQQ CHG LN QQ HD RLCH GHFZF C[KTQ ZJQS GI
PHON GHU RLC HO GQFSH LG FDHU LQ IQH[ PNLZOC HSLZOC LHSLN RHEN OIJ HD H[LWH
HL[JC MOHG Z[ CHGH PL[LQ ]NOO ONGH GUF HD R]HSH HELGSQ CHG HLSWO MOHGG ]LG Z[
GUSNG LFL OU []HLH []HL PUW OND HFZQ GDZG LN PG HFZ [DN ZJQS HSLC GI L[G
JOLH WHT OC[L ]FHDU OSN GHSUH
FZ