MNOG GNHTO XHJ RLO MOHGN COC [HTLC RLC GNHTO XHJ HLOCQ PF[S PC J PH RLC G[H[D
XLD[HG QC[ LC[U ]SL PHQ [HTC QQ GD RLC ]HNLQT G]HCH H[DJ OU MQHTH RLO DNHN
[LUGO L D]N J HSLICG C GS LJ LC RDDH ILK GQO ]HNLOG U H[LUGO GDHJ RLC GNHTO XHJ PFC PF[S PC H][DT LWOH
RLFG [ZLUQ P GQO ]HNLOG U HOC LSD PL[LQJQ LH H]SD GNHTGQ RLG ]C CLYHGO []HQ LOHC VCH PSQS]QG ]C
]H[EC PE UH P RLO HO RLC GC[S RNQ [JCO HGHCLYHL GOLJ]NOQ UFHL PC D]N POHCH GUQO CO MC []HQ GC[S
[HTLC GUL RLLN DYQO TSNLO HO [HTCH ]HHYQG RQ [HKW HSLC RLG FO[ CJ FHL GQ
CO UHFQH FNH ]LD[U ]OLW] PFHZ GOLNC RLSUO PLZTHWD [CHDQN ]HQHZQ [CD GOLUHQ [QH ]FQUG COG RDHQ RLC RLLFUH
RLJDGO HDO OC PLL [QHG OU [HQL LQ ML[Y CD[U MD[U [WO [WC GLG L[W COHOH RLH DNL [QHG CQ HJS
RNH L[ POHCH GSJDGD M[HY RLC CQOUF G[LQO LQF COH []HL PF[LL FU HS[LUL CO CQH UDZO LC[U ]SL RLD
UYH RN [LW CO DU] UH[I [HC ]DH]D
HLFL OHKL FU HLOU PGL COH GYLYZD IJHC HSLCH GUHY[D IJHC L[Z GC[H RLOW]D RLG
Q JHC VTHL ]LD LWU PL]DD UELO []G HO RLC GUHY[ LFL OU RYOJO [WC RHLN PHZQ ONQH
HOLWCH GHFZ LLQ] RG ]HUHY[D UEL COH RN GUL [LLS HC FED RHEN HD RYOJO ONHL RLOHJ [DF HO RQHIQ PC GC[S
ROGOFN HLFL OHKL FU RL]QL COH [JC [DF LU R[LTL GC[S ]WHSLKG PHZQD HLFL HUES
RSJHL RD[O HO HCLDGH LQS GUQH C[GHL PHQ GLD ]LOH [LQJQ HQYU OU [LQJGO CD PC DU
HSLC LQN LHG COH LC[ RN PE MND HQYU OU [LQJGO CO PNJ FLQO] GY[ PC POHCH LCNI RD
R[ GNHTO XHJ ONC ZHFY LD[D GUQ CS]G CLDG HGIH ]HHYQD ZFZFQ
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GDJ[GD U FQ[ ZLFYG ]ZFY MH]Q
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C[EG PD GQHFQN ]JC ]DD ]HQLS PLQ
IN VF
GC[H O[GQO GQO ]QNJ
]HNLQTG OD GCD FHLG ]WTH]H OLO HQN L O L O DHK PHL LOLO
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MOLCH RCNQ GDHJ RHC[G GOLO ROGO GQ ]HYQG EJD [U GQJ [QCSH [U GQJ RCN [QCS
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]UF VTHL
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GOLNCH GOLNC ON OU M[DQ GNHTD ONHCG NCQ GHYQG ]N[D M[DQ HSLC JTWG LQL [CD GYQ
PG[DC REQ LWU UDZ H]NHTH LC[U H]LD ]HLGO ML[Y GUD ON H]DLLD GHYQ L LSWQ [DFG PUKH
OHNL L[GH UDZ ][LFQ CY G[H] G[QC PLQLG ]UD ON RHOG ZHLFD D OLUO CDHQD UUH KO[] LTHT OZG ]LYJQH
FHQUO OHNL RLC GNHTD NCQ PL[JC PL[DFQ RHILS CGLH PLQL GUD GYQ ]OLNC COD FHQUO PFC
FHUH PLJTW VHT [HCQG OUD LWU GD OLLKOH RHLO DLLJ]Q CHG HJ[N OU L[GH PLQL GO GSL COD
NCQ GSQQ USQLGO OHNLH GD DLLHJQ HSLC RHLN GLOU PLN[DQ RLC GUD ON GYQ ]OLNCD GHYQ L PL[DHTG ]UFO VC
JN PLJTWD CDHQD UUH OSN GNHTD
[FG [WO D]N LQ L TH]H L[U ]JC GNHTD DLO PLHC[ OC[L ON FQOQ DU
DHLO ]NLL ]HLGO GNL[Y GSLC [QHON OC[L ONO CLG GLHC[ OC[L LC O GNHT ON ]HKWD
XLD[HG QC[ LWU GD DLO PLLHC[ ONG COC GD
CQ RLHFZD G[FO HI G[F ]HHGO H[DT GI [JC GID HC ]JC ]DD OC[L ON GD PLDHL H[LW OI PLSHC[G GC[SN
OC[L ]FU OGZ ON H]C HKJH [QCS PHQ FJC JTWD PLCYHL ROHN OC[L ON
EO DJ LNF[Q ]N[D DLYSG LHFJ IQ DL[G ]HD ]HNL[CD U TH]H L[W OU
UU GKH[W GH HSLC ZOJD PNO DJS RLC L[ L[DFD PLSH[JCG HS]SH HCS FHUH
FJC ONO L FHDUG PHQ HSLLG ]HW]HD G[L[D PL[QHC GI R[G FLWU G[DTG LOHC ` EIT EJ [IULJC ]H
^G[HNDG RQ [HKW GKH[W GHQ ]HJW [HNDD L[NS ]HW]H GC[S HKHWD FHDU RLC WQ ]HJWDH PLW]HGQ
PSLC LSWQ PNO DJGO RHQQ RLF PGD RLC SGHTLC UQQ RLC LWO GF GO ROGO L[ RHO KWQ
GKH[W GH CGL ML[Y ]HW]H COD VC UQQ ILWOH GKH[W PLH
^GKH[W GH GD RLC GYQ FJC JTWD PLCYHL OC[L ON ` DT CJ JTW FZ LC[ZQ KQ EJ [IULJC L MHSLJ ]JSQ
HO GSLC GYQ ]HFHC GO ROGO UU
RHEN PLQF HO RLC [DF ODC HO DJS HSLC W ZOJ HD HO RLC PC PLQF HO L [DF CZHF ` FFO JHC [IS LSDC
^ HO CLG LCFH GKH[W GH GSLC GD[U
PEG CHG PNO OOND GKH[W GH HD RLC GD[U HC TFG FD ]HKLWD KZS CQ ROGO FL[H]D [HWQ RN
GKH[W GHQ ]HJW OU OJ FZG RLC P KZS
^PLZOHJ TH]GH WQ ]HJW OU OJ FZG RLC DL RLKED H]KLO L[ ` ES GC[G RDC
W ]HC [J G[HU CIU[] JHC C GOLIE OG PL[WC GSJQ UUH
GOHIE LKHUQO GLO LUDLQ GLD L[F LCQ MO LCG RSD[H
GHYQ O LOONG RLFGQ ]CI HSUFL COGH GOHIE KUQO ]FJHLQ G[F ]N[YS UHFQ HZG K TH]G
PUK H]HCQ OHTW OHIEG DOHO PN G[LDUD GCDG
]JSQ [WTD D]N PLYH[L]G RQ FJC PLSH[JCH PLSHC[ L[DFD PLD[ PLYH[L] H[QCS HI GLHZ OU
LN HI GNHTD ]DO EJG ]HQL [CD PL[L]Q HSLLG GOHIE GNHT O FJHLQG RLFG COHO GN MHSLJ
NWUC HIN GHYQD GO XWJ RLCH [HEST GUS [HEKZ RLC GHYQ GSLC G[LDUD GCDG GHYQ PSQC
G]US GNHTD ONC GIH GO GYHJQ OHNCO [HTC COC GNHTD [HFO DLLJ HSLC PLQLG [CD COG
COC GUQG ]C [THC GHYQG PHLZLC RLC GHYQG PLLZ CO LN PCH XHJD ONC CO L[G G[LDUD
JT
IN VF GNHT
RHFL] CLG GOHIE GNHTD FJHLQ KHULQ PLNL[Y RNO GO GYHJQ COH GNHTD CO OON ONC CO HOLCN
PHLZD RLF COC HSLC G[LDUD GCDG GHYQ ONN COH MNTG LOHTW [CN GQYU FYQ GOHTW GNHTN
GWHE GHYQD CO GHYQG
GD DLO PFC GY[L PC GOHIE GNHT FDOQ G[LDUD GCDG GNHT ON MHSLJ]JSQG ZLTQ ]CI [HCO
COH GHYQ CO RCN RLC HO [WC LC GNHTD DLO M[DO COC HFUD RLJHQ RLC PLQLG [CD
[HTLC
COC GHYQG O X W J D OHTW HSLC G[LDUD GCDG GHYQ RLF GJSGG OU PLTTHDQ HOOG JSQG L[DF
CLQHF OHIE C[QEG RHONH GHYQO OHTW HQYU XWJG PL[DHTG PLSH[JCGQ LH GHYQG P H L Z D
PHQ OUD RD[ZO GQHF OHIE RD[Z HSLLG JTLWF
L[G JSQG L[DFN GQYU GNHTD ]HLGO OHNL CO GOHIE GNHT OHTW D]N LQ L CTLE MFLCOH
POHN OU COH PLQLLHTQ PLSC LWON Z[ OHJL CYWJ OHTW CCH G[N GNHTG OIESG LWON
GID PL[HHJQ MHSLJ ]JSQG L[DF RLC L]UF ]HLSUO KLE [L L[U D]N OI WHZ RHUQ LD[ RHCEGH
OKLD CO PHZQ ONQ GHYQG PLLZ CO VC GNHTH ]LYLY ]HYQDF [QHO JSQG CLYQG UYHQQG RLSUF
OHNCO G[TC G[H]G PL[QHC HSLLG RNC PC [QHO MLQQH ONG RQ ZHJ[ [DF CHG GU ]HYQ
COH HNH ONC ONH HD] G ] H H Y COC G [ T C CO G[H]G COG MC PLSDHQ HL[DF HLG GNHTO XHJ
PD CDHQ RNH H]HHYQ PLLZ COH GNHTD ONC LO GQ XHJD ONC LO GQ GOKLD COLQQ L[G GHYQG PLLZ
KN ]HUHQ L[U U ZTL[DQ IL[EG
]UFO ZW]TGO OHFE PHZQ L GNHTO XHJ GOLNC [HTLCO GHYQG PHLZ RLD OLFDGO RLC HI GUF LWOH
[CD GNHTD ONCL LQ PCG H]DHJ LFL CYL CO GSHHN COO GHYQ GHUGH GSHHN ]HNL[Y ]HHYQ [QHCG
GHYQG PLLZQ HSLC RWHCD >GHYQ PO CO H[WD RHHLN VC HC@ GHYQO H]DLLD RHHLN COH EJG ]HQL
GNHTD [F RHLN CQ HC "GQLLZ CO GID GU ]HYQ OKLD L[G GNHTO XHJ ONC LQN HSHFS PCG
CO H[WD RHHLNH [LN [N POL HC GFLDC DLG LQO GQHF GI L[G GHYQO RHHLN CO COC G[N
RNH GU ]HYQ OHKLD MND RLC [D]TQ >GSHHN ]HNL[Y HOC RHEN ]HHYQ PE [QCS PC@ GHYQ PO
CO PFCG VC GQLLZ]G OWHSG OHWL CO GHYQG ]LON] GHYQ ]SHHN COD HEEO GZUQ GHUG
PLLZ
PLSH PLFFYD HNL[CGH PGL[WTD HSSQI LOHFEH [DU [HFG LOHFEQ GQN HSF GO ]HQHFDH HI GOCD
]HYQ RLSUO ]HLUQ ]HNOG PE L HOC ]HOCO ]KOJHQ GU[NG OONO HCD COH ]HD[ ]H[DTDH
F OUD FED DHON DJS PCG GSHHN ]HNL[Y ]HHYQ PL[DHTG ]UFO GHYQ PO H]SHHN RLCH ]LOKD VKU]G LQ ]LYLY
GNHT L[IU LDC CW] JHC [IS LSDC T GNOG [HCD CL C]L[HCF RHH]C GI RLSU ]HOOND UU DHLNH "]LYLY COO ]HWSN
DS] ZHFGQ ]UF VTHLQ KN OCHQ RH[NIH ]HUHQ L[U EO LL ]LD C GQO ]JSQ GNG
RQIG ]OLJ]D GJFS RHLN PL[QHC RLCH PL]SLD OFE]S RKZH PL]SLD [LLE]S [EO GLO LUDLQ
DHLJG RQI [ZLUD PC CZHF DHY FHL IKU RD[ZD HC GQYU GHYQD COC PFCD LHJLF ][H] RLC GJFL
[IS LSDC UH RQIG ]OLJ]D [HKW GLG OOED [KWS CO PLLHTQ RQI MQSG DHLJD ODC RNQ [JCO DLLJ]Q HSLC [HKW GLG
ENZ JHC
HLG DH]ND HSCYQ CO LW OU VC KWH HSQQ FLQUG CO OC[LQ KDH KD ON MO RLC
J]WL DT ]HQDL ELF CLGF U GFHGL KDQ HLG [LCLH OCLS]U@ [CH FE RHUQ RDHC[Q PLKWH
KT
]UF VTHL
RNH DH]ND H[NIHG CO PLWTHS PLKWH HLG ODHZQ [IULOC LD[ GLG >PL[WCQ RHFDUH GSQQ
DLYSG KD ONQ HLG PLCLDS
QU GSHL GOU [HC LYHYLSH ]HLJ X[GQH [ C[GQ ]HFEC LHFJ Y DHK [JH [FQ DQ PLKWH LSHUQ KHZOL UU
IO
GDH[Q H]OY [NG MNTG PC JLNHGO T[LW GF L TH]G HD]N RCNQ RLFT GLOU H[WC HGQ
GLG UQQ [JC PUKQ COC LCHG [JC OE[ HJF CO L[G HL]J] DLOH RLFT TH[WO [WC H]QJQ
GHYQ ]NHTD RN ]HUO [N
CO [WC PE [UKYQ [FED GLG CQ LN GLC[G ]HJFO L PLOTHWG PLSHC[ [CH L[ ]UFOH
GOLNCO GU G]HCD P]DLL HUDZ
RF [IULOC LD[ GC[S ]HQHZQ GQNQ COG OHCO L POHUO HD[ LWQ UQ CO [DF [QC CO
USQLGO UHFQ PUK ML[Y RNH HD[ L[DF ONG UQQ COH HQYU ][DTQ PL[DF [QCH PLQNJG PU
HQYU USQ PLLZ HD[ GLGN CZHF GC[S RNO "PL[JCQ GDHK UHSQO RLC COGH HQYU L[DF [QHOQ
]QCD D[G ][LKW [JC ODC HI C[QHJ HQYUD EGS RLFG [ZLUQ []HQ PHZQD VCH HFHDN LSWQ GIQ
HT CQHL ]QC ]W RFH G[HG
CO PLFJ PL[DF [FH ZTW PSQC EO] D CO] EN [THQ ]HJL XLDOCHQ J[EGQ CDHQ FHU
GLG MN HQYUO [[LD P[K RLFG CLYHQ GLG CO COC H R]S LD[F ]HDCD [HWQN POHUQ RIHC R]UQ
H[HF GLG CO D[G ]UF ]C HQYUD UL[NG CO [DF HOLCH HD[ ZTHW
R]UQ CO PL[DF PE [QHC GLG HD[ LSWD [LWH L PL]UG [QCQ HSCWQ UQ[G ][NISG PL[QCQG ][L]T OU FQU [DNH
DH]NG ][F L[G [HF GLG LSWQ FHUH PL[LH PLJHNS PL[DF COC [QCL CO GLG JKDHQH HLOU HD[ ]QLC LSWQ RIHC
GIQ OHFE ZGDHQ D[ HSO RLCH HL[DF ]C ]]QCQ
DT DJ [THQH GQNJ ]UF UUH HT CQHL ]UF VTHLD RLSUG ]HOOND UU
PLSLSU
RCNQ GDHJ RHC[G GOLO ROGO GQ ]HYQG EJD [U GQJ [QCSH [U GQJ RCN [QCS
]H[ MOLCH RCNQ GDHJ RHC[G GOLO RCN VC ]H[ MOLCH
[ZLUH C]HSQLGQF COY GNHTG RNH C]HSQLGQF CONLQ HFZG [GHID ]C[ZS GYQG
]H[LGDDH OND PLELQ GQ LN ]HOLOD M]SHQCH DH]N HQN MHJG ]UD CZHF GSHQCG
GQD IQ[S GIH PLC[DSG ]EGQ GOUQO CLG GSHQCG ODC GULFL COC GSHQC HSLC GLLC[G
GSHQCG R]HNIDH []TGGH MHJG ]UD HS]SHQC OFHE ]HC[GO GOLOD RSQI HOC ]HHYQ L]
]HNHT OC[L JQL LWU >JTWD@ PL[DCD ]UODSH >]HNHTD@ HS]HC ]DDHTH ]WZQ
]GHTL L[IU LDC D XH[J ]HDJQ KN GD[ CSUHGO ZLFY L[W UU
DHKG ZOJG ]C ]KOHZ GNHTG [GHIG L[DF LWU [HEQ PL[G [HQFC [LW GOHIE GNHT RLSUD
RHLN GOHIE GNHT RN OUH PFCG RQ U[G ZOJ F[WS COLQQH HD U[G ]C COH OC[LQ PFCD
GNHTD GILJC U[G ZOJO ]HLGO OHNL DH GNHTD G[LDU L
U
JN VF GNHT
WJQ GLG RKG CN[ DJ ZG [GHID CDHQH FZQG ]LD ]QEHF CLG GNHTG [WO L FHUH
RZ GQ CYQL OIEG ][LDU LFL OU [DFG PUKH RNQG ]DFSD OHIE [DF L CQ GOLU
GD GLGL PCH GLOU PLQ P OJ GNHTO PUKG CHGH GSLNO RNQ CGL CO DHH HQYUO
FZQN PLQ P GLOU OHJL CO DH GD GILJC RKO CYQLH OHIE [DF
GNHT ]HYQ LFL OUH RLSD OU CNNTQF CQLC OC[L ]QS [H CLG GNHTG VTHS PUK
HSLC [JC VFH[G HUZ EJ [GHID CDHQH PL[HWNG PHLD G][GK [JC G[D GQSG ][ZS
G[D GQSG ][ZQ CLG LN OIEG MHWLG CLG GNHT ]HYQ RN OU HSQQ FDC HO VC HO
GOHIE GNHTD PLCYHL RLC RN OU GZOJ FDCQH G[Q GQSG FL[WQ OIEG HOLCH
DU[] ]HNHT OCHQQ P LWU
JN VF
HI H]FQ FESN GFQ L]CYLH [FQG ]LDD PFC L]JSG COH [FQG ]LDD PFC LSQFZ CO LQLQ
GFEC L[DF CLYHGO@ GSH[JCG GNOGG HGHQ]JLH TG ]C HJ]WL H][H] L[DF [IULOC LD[ GNI
GUHQG LWQ [IULOC LD[ PD GSLG FLJL CS]Q ]CDHQG >LE RLYZHU PHLTD H[QCS
[FQG ]LDD RLO []HQ RLFG RQ UQQ LC[U ]SL COH UDZ ]SL CO [FQG ]LDD L]SL COH
FHQOO GDH[Q RQI HD ]HGO LHU [FQG ]LD LWO G[HQJ H]HFZ PEG ]TSNG ]LDN CO@
GN ]HN[D U >MN OU GOLJ]NOQ HS]G HOLCN GI L[GH LC[U ]SLQ [GILGO GZH G[H] L[DF UHQOH
PLFLQO]OH PLQNJO Z[ PL[L]QH PFC ON [CD PL[THC LH P HDOH JDL[ PD CSZ JHC VTHL ]LD
E C OGCDH DSQH P HDO U UDZ ]SL HOLWCH G[H] OHKLD PHQ ]HULDZD P PLGHG
ZJYL L[W ]HD ]HNL[CD UUH MDH IKHQ[ FHL LWU LC[U ]SL HOLWC HD RLO CO ]HFLTJ ]FLQQ RNC
G DJ
[G[G COH RL COH [FQG ]LDD PFC HQFZ COH RLOLW] CODH G[H] COD ]HQC F MOG COH
[GIS GLG HDODH HLWD MN ON G[HE G[H]G G]LG LW OU VC [QHO HSHY[ ]HWSHKQG ]HCHDQD
]HWSHKQG ]HCHDQD [G[GOQ
]OFG JH]WO J]WG OYC HQYU D[ZQ GLG HQYUD CHG COC HLFLQO]O ]OF PFC J]W COH
J]WG OU [QH JLSG CO HSULQG PEH PGO G[H] OHKLDH GCSZ PHQ HLFLQO] LFL OU COH HQYUD
PLFJ PLFEQ UUH C[GQ LWU OOGF GUQN POO GQ HO RLC LQ THSNOQ DNUL COH [N OHKL CO
JN ]HN[D
PLCLZD PFC LSD L HSLQHZQD JH[ ]DLS HD RLC PHL ]HDH]D C[L[ D[ [LW PLOZF ]JL
HUHSL MLC RLCH[H GIO GI PLDH[ZG PLOZF LS RLD PLFQHUH USUS]Q RLCH PLOZFG RLD RLFT RLT[HW
GLG RHCE PG[DC [QQ H[QCH PL[DF GQN RLCLZDG RGD RL[LNQ RLSQLT HD L GI OYC GI PGL]HL[J
C JT M[U MH[UD CDHQ PLOZF ]JLD [LNQ GLG ]H[KO QZ VOC ]SD
JH[D RLFFHS]Q [CN PL[QHC PG GQH PLOZF ]JLD [LNQ GLG LTDZ PG[DC [Q RHCE LCG D[ PD CDHQ FOZ DD CD[D
CU