PHLG HD PLZTHU HSC OHIEG DOHO Z[W RL]UQD CHG HQN HLOU PLH[LWG HD HS]L HSLSWO
E GUL LQOH[LD GOU LS]H H]HC FL[HLH GOULH DOHOG CLDLH MLOHL C[QED P C]LCF
GI LC[ CO PLH[LWH ]HKL GQN GID LH C[GH VL[G HCLDGH [DFH [DF ON OU PLSHSUS
FJCG PLH[LW E HD L VL[G ]KLDH VL[G ]KLH H]ULLTH ]HCLE XL[G ]KL GI LC[N
C[ PLSHCEG PLZOHJ PGL[DFDH RDQ[G H[LW LLOGH PDQ[G H[LW LSGH C[G H[LW
OZ GOZG HI GNOGD CHG GI PCH P]SHHND PLQH]T RGL[DF PEH OI O[HQH P[HQH EC[WQ
GLH[LW PU GNOGG G[TQS COC GD]NS CO HOLCH PL[HQJG PLSLSUH ]HLEHTH ]HKLD [QHJH
H[LWH GNHDQD HSLQL ]HONO RLNL[Y HSLLG COH ]ZHOJQ HD GLG CO GW OC GW PNJO PNJQ
[JC FHQLOD ]HU R]HCD PLZTHU HSLLGH GNOGG
JO VF
PJOG L] LSWO HCLDG IK GSG C[D H[QC LW OU VC H[LW ]HSU[HWG ]C RLDNUQ GHYQ L[L
]H[LWG HN[D]L COLQQH H]HHYQ PHLZO ]LUS GHYQG [ZLU PHZQ ONQ ROLCG ]H[LW PNO HN[D]L
]QC ]W GI PO GLG] GHYQG [ZLU COH CZHF GHYQG L [ L L HGIH
O THND PLQ KUQ OLKGO GHYQ GOFDG O THN PFC G]H [JCO [QHC [IULOC LD[ @
GQH HG]HH PLQD THND RLLG ]HWLK L[LL VKH ]HYQG ]C DDJO LFN G]HH GOFDG
RLDNUQ ]HYQ L[HL PLQNJ H[QC PHQ "GQO HLSLU LDE OU H[LDUQ PLQG RQ THND [CL
> N [IULOC LD[F LZ[W ]HSU[HWG ]C
DOHOG OU M[DN PLUHSUSG ]UD RN [QC C[LE [QC GLO L]LLQH GLO LKQQ DZUL [D CJC D[
LWU JLTGO LC[ GHYQG ]LLUD OLJ]G RHLN ZTWG GI L[G GUQO GN[D RLD GJL LW OU VCH
CDKL[
QU DJ HGLOCQ D]NQ [WTD U U[D RKD ]H[E]G M[FD G ]FHDU RLSUD
RCN HZOLJ CO RLZLTWQ RLC HOLJ]G PC LGSLQ[H ZLTWQF C[QLQO HSJO OU HOKHS ][QC
]KZHS LN L[U GJSQG PFHZ []GG RQID OLJ]G P HOLCH [HTLCD OHNCO OLJ]G LSWQ ZLTWQ
UQQ RNH [HTLCG RQID OLJ]GN PE RWHC OND [HQC RLZLTWQ RLC [DFD ZHOLJ RLC C[QEG
PCH GF P TH] LWU K ]DD CLEHTD
DDS[] [HTLCD HC []GD OLJ]G RLD ZHOLJ L RGD RQZOFN C]L[HCF ]HHYQD FDOQ [DFD ZHOLJ RLC PLZTHWD [CHDQ RNH
K ]D TH]U GSKZ GJSQ RQID GFHUT OLJ]G RHEN [HTLCD OLJ]GN ZLTWGO PLNL[YQ L PYQHYQ RSQI ]HHYQD RNH
KZT DO[ CEQ FG QHJ P C[ ][HWT]D GF
CDKL[
DHK PHL C[ZS FUHQG OHJ RCNQH EJG LQL [C [QHON RSLZTU RSD[F LS DHK PHLD CNG
Z[WG C[D OLUO CDHQD UU OZ] C[EGD
HY
JO VF GNHT
RKZG LW OU VC PL[QHC RG GQ RGL[JC GSHU H]HC RL[ZQ RKZ HC GC HC FDU GLG LQ
COC HSLC OOGG ]CL[Z DHLJ L[GH MHSLJ PHQ RGD DLLJ ]HHYQ [CN RSD[FQ OOGG ]C CH[ZO DLLJ
HSLCH RSD[F L[] CHG RKZG OYC LSWQ "H]DHJ LFL OHFEG ]C CLYHQ RKZG RLC UHFQ RN PCH RSD[FQ
FHUH KL GOLEQ TH] LWU RSD[F FJ CHG OHFEG ]C CLYHQ
ODC HLDC OU ]OKHQ MHSLJ ]HYQ RSD[FQ CO VC DLLHJQ DJS RKZG RLC JQ ]HN[DD L[ L[DFOH
>P ]UF VTHLD RLHYQD UH HZOJH MN OU HZG P TH]GH@ PYUD [HKW CHG
GCG RQ [TJ LCGNH >][CQ OU OI[ ][FN@ RH[TJ HSLLSU G [ C Q RHO G[LCQ HO CD]H
DL RGNG Y[O PL[WHT L[DF LWU HO G[CQG CHD] GCL[DG MWLG
GOOZG RLSU HGI L]UQ HQN DZSOH GOOZ RLSUO V]HQ DZO HQNH [TJH ZL[ OOJ DZS HSLLG [HJ [[J O DH[Z [[C @
> GN[D CL[KQLED [NI RH[TJG ]QOGH GUWGD HFLZW] LCGH HD ]HFZQ]GH RH[TJG ]CLYQ
PLCYHL RLCH ]HSUO GHYQ [DFG PUKH GSQD HSLS LWNH GLHOOG ]HSUO GHYQ RCNQ DU
OU PLQJ[ ZDQ PFC CGL RLFD GD H[QC GOLW] RLUN CHG LSWQ L[LCQG [LW GFDO GULQD
][CGD ELOWGO LFN ]HSUO HNL[YG OOGD LZD HSLC LQ ]C CLYHGO OHNL GOLW]D VCH HQYU
PLCLZDG VC HI GC[ZGD MHQTO HOZGH PLG ][LD O GKHTD H[QC HQN G[L M[F CLG HI GJQG
G[HQE GOLW] GSLC LSWQ
UQH RLFD RCNQ JLNHGO L GSHUN UQHO RCNQ G PD PL[QHC RGH CDG MH[D [QHC CHG
HLYJH G[LQCD HLYJ PLCYHL RCN PE L[G GWD [QCL [JCG HLYJH FDOD [DF LYJ ]ULQD LF GSHUN
CYHL UQHGH [DFG ON ]C HLWD [QHC M[DQG HC C[HZG RHEND COC GJNHG RLC POHCH GULQD
ODC G PD PLOQG PE HOHN OOGG ]C [QHC XG GC[S RCN HQN G[LQCD LYJ GULQD LYJ
UQHG O GWD G[LQC ]WTH] PU LYJG ]ULQD HSQQ PLCYHL RLC [WC LYJ Z[ [QHC C[HZG PC
CL ]HN[D DZUL ]HOGZ LWU GULQD H[DJ ]C CLYHQH GN[D LYJ [QHC PGQ FJC ON PLSC LS RHEN
E DO HJN JHC LCRHIJG ]HLHZQ CZU[EG L[DF DHLD
]HUQQQ ZFZF RNH [HDLYGQ GULQD CYHL COC HQYUD G PD [QHC HSLC XG D]N LQ LH
R]DHJ LFL RLCYHL HOCH HOCH G PD RL[QC RLOLCH CDG MH[D RL[QC RLOLC LG LQOH[LG L[DF
PE GULQD LYJ G[LQCD LYJ ]CYO [WC GIQ JNHQ G[HCNOH GIQ GI GULQD PLCYHL [QHON
RLCH HIN GLLSUH G[LQC ][HYD GSZ]G [ZLU GLG MN OOGD RCN CZHF [QHO L MC FNH ]HN[DD
GULQD LYJ G[LQCD LYJ ]CYO [WC ]HN[D [CO RCNQ JLNHGO
L[DFD MHQTD [CHDQ L[G [HDLYG LU HLYJH XG LU [QCL HLYJ GI ZHTWD CZHF RN EHGSO HSZ]H
GI ZHTWD CZHF RN OUH GOKDO G[NIC CLYHQN GC[S LN G PD O CDG MH[D RLD ZLTWGO RLC CD[
HQYUD [QC FJC ON HOLCN GSHUN UQHG GNOGG ]EFHQ HQU [QCL [JCG HLYJO M[YS HLYJ
IC DJ LNF[Q ]N[D LWU LSG ZOJG ]C PE
RN RLCH [CH CEQ PJH[L HSD[ PD DN] LD GLLSU COD GULQD CYHL HSLC LZDG PLZTHWG ]KL ]C DLLO L HI C[DTD
GSZ]G ][HY MN COC PG PLCLZD COG XGQ CDG MH[D D ]CYO PUG HEGS FYLN GZH OGCDD CDHQ FJL[WG ]UF
C[ZLUQ
>EGSQG LWN CH[ZO HSZ] C[ZLUQ P LNF[Q ]N[DD NHQN FJS COH CHG [JHCQ EGSQ L[G@ RN HSZ] CO [QCS PC PEH
IY
L[QEO Z]HH UQHN HSLCH GLLSUH GCL[ZO GQHF HI G[HY OL
]UF VTHL
UUH PLWN ]CLS OG L[ L[IU LDC EL ]HN[D DZUL ]HOGZ FCKN DCKL JHC LC RHIJD U GSHUN UQH RLF L[FED
JO GKHTD CDHQD
PLQUKH PLSLSU
FYLN G[LGH OOGG
DS] KD FHJQ GSHC[ G[HFGQ ]UF VTHL LWF MH]Q
GUD CDLZU LD[ [F ]HCLSD GL[IU RD C[ ]C HDLHG PHLD HD GKHT ]NTQD H[QC
G[L [QHO PGLSLU HS]S PLG RQ OC[L HOU
G[LC [QC GQ PLZ[W LC[ HL[JC RLSHU RGH OOGG ]C C[ZQG OHFEN "G[L H[QC FYLNH
GO G[LC RL[QHC RGH GCE GCE LN [QC GQ GO G[LC PL[QHC RGH GO
[QHC CHG GQ ON HL[JC RLSHU RGH OOGG ]C C[ZQG RKZN [QHC EGL[ O HSD [IULOC LD[
LN PL[QHC RGH GCE GCE LN [QC GQ GO G[LC HL[JC RLSHU RGH GO G[LC [QC GQ
GCE GCE
HL[JC RLSHU RGH Z ]HN[DD OLJ]Q ]TSNG ]LDD UQ OU T[HWG [WHTN [QHC GLQJS LD[
HL[JC RLSHU RGH J]HW CHG L[ FJL ROHN RL[HZH
J]W GQ CLF] RD [IUOC LD[ PD S[ F CLG TH]G LWOH [FQD ]CDHQ ]LULD[ GUF
PLNLQQ OC[LH J]HW GQ [DFH [DF OND RNH GCE GCE LN RL[QHE OC[LH GO G[LC
FJCN FZG JH[D
GQ [JC PLNQS POHUO P][LD OC[L ROHN ]HUFG HH]S FJC FYD [QHO LYQ]NO
DH]NG OZ VC OC[L LSD HL[JCO H GQ FLJL RHO [LL IC DH]NG RHONH PELGSQ HSLD[
CDS]S RHOD LOC GI POHN H[QC HQNH [FQD C]LCFN OC[L LSDH GQ ]C G[LD
HD P]SQCG COHOH GQ O HUHLT COHO MC ZSHLH OOHU HOLWCH GJW HOLWCH GI D HD GQ
[LL IC HFDU GQDH GD HSLQCLH ]HZDFH FZG JH[ ]HEG R]HCO ULEGO PJHND GLG CO
>PGLOU ELGSQOH CLSO UDC[ LHSLQ PHLD GI RLSUD HZTU UHFQ OZS RHDSO ]UFH@
GQ LWQ FDOD GOJ]GD LF PCG GLWHCH PUG ]HW]]G ]FLQD COC PLQNJG HZOJS CO
[DF OND GQ O GJL]W ]N[YS HC FJCH FJC ON LWQ GQYUQ HOLCN G[LG ]CYHL FLQH
LD[ ]UFN HC GQ [QC [DFH [DF ON OU G[IJD COC PGO [WC LC MN HOLWC HC [DFH
G[LC ]LLSUD COC HQU HW]]G COH HSLD[ GQO G]LG GOKD P]HLH P]HGQ ON CDLZU
RHQIWG ]C ][IHJH ][IHJH H]HC GHHOQ GOGZQH FLJLG H]HC [ [LN GO
OND CLG GNOG LN PC P[YHLO PLJDQH PLOOGQ OC[L OOG OND L HOOG PL[DFG RLUN
GWD ]HW]]G OOGD HSLQNJ HNL[YG G]HOUW]GH WSG ]JQ OFHEO GSHUN UQHG PHZQ
RLF OOGD HD L ]HCL[Z [CN G C L [ Z RLF FDOQ PL[WHT ]NTQD CDHQN GQLUSDH OHZDH
LWOH LZD LQO FDULFD VC OOGD ]DNUQ GLLSU HD]N PLZTHWGH PLSHC[G RQ LH G [ L
JY
KO VF GNHT
HLG HQHZQDH CD[ O HLQLDH PLSHU POHNH C[ZQ FJC HSLZ]G H][LQCD PLCLZD ONG RLC
HOHN OOGD PGLWD POHN HW]]G PLCLZD
[LG O HLWHCD G][DJD RLC PLHTQ FHJL OSG GCL[ZG LN[FQ M[F OND L LWO COC
PLOOGQG RLD PHC]DH OGZG ]HW]]G RHLDYD RNH GD G]HZDFH WSG LLHKLD ][HYDH
G[LC HQN@ LHOOG ]LLSU JNLL CO HOOG PLN[FG RQ ]JC ON H[LCG MNO P]HFJCDH
FLJLH FLJL ON O G[LQCH OLJ]G KWQG PHLT C[ZQG L[DF OU G[IJ PLZ[W LC[H > GO
IL[EG DN] JHC M]HOUGD OCHQQ P GNHSJ OGQ EWT PDQ[ JOD CQHJS] [H L[LCQ LWU
TFL[EG L[HULQ ]HQL[ OYI ZTL[DQ
KO VF
RNH OHWNO [HTC OHWNO PGD H[QC CO PLZHTWD UQQ GKQOH MFHCQ OHWNO HEGS PHZQ
PL GOLW]D [QC LQ RN OUH@ OHWNO RLC ]HN[DD N RN PCH OHWNL CO KHWO HEGS PHZQD
>[HIJO RLC [D]TQ [QC GQD GDHJ LFL CYL RHLN MWGO HC D[ PHO PHZQD ]LD[UD PHO
PL[QHCH PL[IHJN PE@ GN[DD ]HDL]G PLOWHN PLQLLHTQ PLSIJ EGSQD GJHS PLQNJ JH[ RLC RN OU
>GN[DD ZTWGH ]HUQQ LHSL PHQ VC HJO L ]HDL]G PLDQH PLEOFQ PC R[FTN DH R]HC
R[QCOH [HIJO []HL DHK ]DNUQ RGD GSHHNG RLC PEG GN[DD ]HDL] HOC LCD RLHN]S CO PC RNC
UU JL FJH DN DJ JHC GQ ]H[EC LWU GQL]JG O PG P [QC CO PC GSHHND
XUQJC X[LH DL]NF ZJYL [D RQJS D[ [QCF "CHG LQHFZCF CSLO [DHU LCGF UQQ LCQH
PLJTWO HLHFJD DLYSG PGLSWO [DU CHGH CNGQ [QC LLDC LHNG ]C [DULH [NNG M[F
L[DFD GQG ]HUF L] COC CFL[E ]HC]NQTCD ]ZHOJQ HI RLC [WO D]N MOLH L[ [DF ZQUGDH
GN[DG [HQEO MN [JCH G]HUO ICH GHYQG PFHZ GN[DG OLJ]GO L ZJYL [D RQJS D[O OCHQ
GEL[JG RHOG HQL RDHQ MNDH@ HQLFZGH [DU NJCH LHNG L[JC GOLJ]D GLG XUQLJC M[FN
[QHON VHT FUH GOLJ]Q PFHZ ]HLGO UQQ [DU ]HUQQ CLDG LLDC HOLCH > R]LLUO [ D H U
[WC LC GHYQ MC L[ PLSWHCG LSD ]QCDH DLYSG PLLTH GHYQG LSWO CG] GN[DG [QE PE
PFHZ PLN[DQ MJ[N OU GN[DG ]UD ]HUO
GO ]HJSQD C[QEG L[DFQ DLYSG ]SZTQ OU OYI MDY[Q L[EG GQ] FLZ QU GSHL GOU ]WHTCD
GLSWO COC GHYQG ]LLU ]UD M[DO RLC OCHQ ]UFO EK ]HN[D LQOH[LGQH
PFHZ H[QC COH R]LLUO [DHU H[QC GQH DQ ROGO CDKL[G L[DFQ [LUGO L MC GQZ LTHT OL[GQ ]HD PE UH@
GN[DG ON [HQEL LFN GUQG MH]D COC GUQO GN[D PLFZL CO LFN COC GSHHNG RLC R]LLU
DHELSG ]UD GOLKSG OU M[DO []HQ C GFHUTO LKS OG PLZTWH ]HEGSG FOWSSHI JL[EG PD CDHQGQ [LUGO L FHU
> R]LLUO [DHU M[DO ML[Y COG UY P [LUG CKLO OYSDS C[EGH
[JC RWHCD DLYSG M[F LW OU CHG D]NH
PLOLJ]Q HOLCN ]HUO [DN GN[DG LSWO L MWLGO ODC CHG HN[FD [QHC L]LLG CSLW]TQF COHO
FJC ON FU PLSNHQ RLNTGH ZHSL]G HFLD [DN PLSLQG ]O UH[IG OU PLJSHQ RLOLW]G GHYQG
GN[DG GCD PHC]WH GN[DG LSWO [QELL GUQGH PLFZL LHNG LHNG ]YL[D HQN DHJO ONHL
KY