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RLSUG ONH HNH RHFZHQ TH[FSTNOC OC PL[DF G[U
LHFJH C[GQD FJHLQD RLHUL PLQLUS PL[DFD HNL[CG PLSH[JCH PLSHC[ OI PL[WQG
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COH XLZD GULZGH GJL[IG PHZQ [JC MOS GQO LN [CD]S CO RLLFU RHWYG RLSU PYU POHC
UYH LS]QD CT[LEG GC[SN MWGQ RCN FDC[G H[LWD FHU RLHULH RTLS LQHLD HC V[HJD
GLH[ZG GQJG FESNH OHQQ PHLO PLS PHQ ]LJ[IQH ]LD[UQ HNL[YG HQNF GID GC[SGH
PHLG OHQ ]HLGO ]LSHWY HNL[YG PUKG CHGH RLFG CHG MN G]ULZH G]JL[ID UHFLN CQHL
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OZH GQHF RLSUG MC LQH[F LH[Z HSLC OSN ULWGO QO GSHW RCN
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CLG L[G D[UD NCQ ]HN[DF ZWD H[QC HQN PHLD ]HU ED QO GQFZ PGLSWH G ONLG
DT CQHLD L[ NQH ZOJ Z[W L[D THSLSHKSCO LD[ [QC HQN GSHZO GHJ]QH ]F[HL
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]HSWO CHG GHQ] PEH OZH PH[FD GQJG RLLFU GYJQH GSHQD L[G QZO ]LJ[IQ ]LSHWY
FFYL HSLLG PL[FL PLNJGO GYH[G HQN CQOUD OZ FHFLY CHGF OYH QG OHQ GKLJD
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PHLG HSLEHQD PE CHG RN PYUDH OIJ RHOD LHKLDG UHFL GSG PL[DFG O LQLSWG [D RHLF
LYJD J[IQO D[UQQ ]HH[W POHUD ]HDHLQG ]HLHNOQG [ZLU LN D[UQH J[IQ LNOQ ON
RQ CD HQYU CHGH D[UQH J[IQ LNOQ ON HL]J] ULSNG [JC [FSTNOC GSGH LSHWYG [HFNG
GQNJGH [HCG PHZQ CHG PH[FD RLSU]Q CL OCLSFD RHWYG MOQ GSHNQG CHG LOHCH RHWYG
PH[FG C[ZS MN P OU LY[CG DHLGH [QHJG ]OHJ LWO LN PL[FL PLNJGO GYH[GF UHFLN
MNH CZHHF [DFQD G[H] GS]LS MNOH LQLQG LSJH[G JHNG [DHE GDHK ONQ DEHSQ DES
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GNH[CD LLU OC[L ]QNJH ][H] OC H]L[JCDH H]LC[D HKTL[C O [ZG [DFD PLSH ]H[HZQ ZL]UQ
RLD L]LQCG ]QHYG CHG LN ]HQHZQG ONQ GHDEG FZQD ZLFYG RHUQ PU H]LEW UHFL RNH
CHDQ PGQ ]HOFOH ]HOEO LFND OC[L LQNJ ]UF UHQO CDH PH[FH RHWY RLDH D[UQH J[IQ
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PH[FO MOLO GYH[ GI RLSU OU ]HDDHT HL]HOC ONH GQJG OHOTQ IQH[ IU GQNJG
DESG LSZI O GSWH RLSUG VHTD [CHDQN PQ ]YZQD GO GNI RNC GQNJD RLDGO LZL[WCO
O[GQ RLLUH@ HN[FD HGHFFHULH HGH[IUL LOHC PH[FG OC P]LLKSH OC[L X[C PH[FD PG
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HSL]HD[ L]NHF GQNDH PH[F LSZI PLJDID HSLYQH OC[L LQNJ PG PE ]HKWD PSQC
ZHJL[O HSLLG PH[FO GLKS ]YZ PGO L MC PLLJ PLZOC L[DF G[H] L[DF PGL[DFH PH[FD
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HOHDE GD[G PH GDHK ONQ DEHSQG DESG X[C ]C DON ]D H]C GTNU LU ODLZ
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PLQNJG M[F [ZLU HI CO NLWUCH ]LIEG ]NOD HDL H[]L O HLSD LSDQH MN OU PLN[D]QH
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PLQD CLGN QG LN PH[FO RHWYG RLD CWHE GI X[CO PLQG RQF GC[S PH[FH RHWY OON
]HSWO CDG COLQQH PH[[F RHZL[KHS PH[F UFHS RNH OSN PH[FD LGL[G ULZ[ O HGDHED
LZL[WC ]SLFQO OILQO CSLUD VHTD [QCFNH PH[FO ]HSWO HO L ]LQLQG GQNJG [HC OC
LQF GSLQ CZWS LCQ QQ PLQOF GSHC[G H]OC CWHE HI R]OLJ]D RWHT XHUSH PH[FD
J[IQ PG LUYQC HZD FHTLH ][CW] LGS ]EJ ]HHYZ HD LN UHFL PEH@ OSN COC GQLQG HSO GOUL
PGLWSU FHGH JYS HOLCH RHWYH PH[F HSLLGF OCQH RLQL PG G[HDEH FTJH OSN EIHQQG [HICD D[UQH
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FHQUO PLOHNLG GQG PLKUQ [HCG ][HDE] LWO GD RLON]TQ ONG RLC LN VHTD KH[LWD
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GQNJG OC ]HSW FHU RLCQ ]DHLQG UHYLQG M[FD [CGO HSLLG PHQU [HCG P D[UQH
HQN PFLD G]OU COH LD[N HU GD[G LN HSLLG RLH FJCN GIH GI PL[QHC PLQNJ PSQC
X[C M[F EGSQ PGD EGHSG OCUQL [ M[F CLG PLD[G M[FH RLN[DQ FYLN Z[W L[D H[QC
ON LSC JLSQ [QC GNOGD PLQNJ LSLU [LCQG PH[FD HSL]HD[ [ZLU CHG [LCQ [F VCH
FQOL [QCS P O H U O PFC LSD P]TO PHZQ ONQ G[H] COC LSD FQOQ LSLCH HNH ]HSQHC
RLDH[LUD C]LCFN HL[DJ ONQ []HL GQNJD ELOWG Q[N GNOG HUDZ COH ]HSQHC HSD PFC
FJC ON UFLO DOO [HTQG RLSU CHG UQQ [LUGO GYH[G PLNJGO GYH[G H[QCH EL
L]NCOQ LSC GL[D L[DJH GL[D LSC ]HN[DF DWHTD H[QC HQNH H[ RNLGH HWS ]LLKS LGQ
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PFCG HO [HDL G[LM[FG CHGH FOHSG ]C GCH[G PFC ONQ FQHOG PHZQD H[QC
GHG FYG GSG LN CLG CLGF [QHO ML[YH DW ]HDCD CKJC[LG OCS]S RD RHUQ [ L[DFO
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GQNJ HSQQ FOLLOH ZLWGOH GKHG OU ]HSLY[D ON]TGO ONHL [HQE OLTN HQYU LSLUD CHG
HLSLUD OLTNG RN HSQQ []HL OLTNO GHZ] HLSLUD PNJ LC HQNH@ GQNJ GOHU POE GQHOE
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COD PE PLQUW GQNJ R]L G COC PLNHDSG[HQD GOLOG ]ULFL M[FN CHG PNHWLG
L RN ONH H ]LSU] L[ CYHQ HSLCH UEL LH CLQ RQ CLG C]ULLT CT[LE LQZHCOH GULEL
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PLLHEO NCQ ]L HLSWO RJ GOUQG CDZHS PLUSH PYUD PLOWG PLQUG ONQ KUQG HDH[Z
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LN ZLJ[GO COH HQHZQD DLO HO HYULH HQHZQD DHLO ][NHQH ]LOESG GQNJG CHG GDL
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DHKG LDO ]H[L[D MOLOQ LFL PLW[QH PND OHFEG LFLD GSL LOHC GQNJG L[]TQ CHDQ ]C
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OLUHG COH HIJC LQ Z[WD LCFQCH GQO GUQN FG MD TSNL VHTH M]HNOQ OZOZ]]
P[K POHUD KOH U[G UE[N PL[DFG DYQ GI LN KHLFGH MOQ P [QCF RCQNH PHON
PN]C EH[GO PN[HDUD RK G ] U Q [DN GLGC RN PC [QCH ]LJGO H]QJ G[DE IC OCES
MFLD PL[HTQ HSL[GH MJND L RN PSQC H[QC GI OUH RKG JNN PLGIQ P]C ]HNOQG JND
]HUO CO HS]JKDG [WQG H[LWN HC PLSWHC LSD H[WO LH DIN CNOQ LCL CO MC
GL[DFQ GD [HIJO ]HNOQO GCS RLC LN M[DF PLLZ MQQ CSC PL[QHCN ]HLSLYD HC GU[ HSQU
OUW]S GIQH DN[ JOYH MO D[UL HS]QNJ FHT ]C CYQ]H EL] MND PCH DDF ZWD QN
[QHC CWHE HGIH GD PLFHQH GWZH]H ]HNOQG RLSU PLELQH PG PLSLDQ RNC GC[ LN []HLD
FLD[ R]LOH RQE[C HDOO VTHLN P]C PLLHC[H RSD[ LNOQ RCQ PND ]HNOQG OU FLUQ CHG
O GSLSU ON GI LN LYWJO [FSG PNLWQ L]CYHGH PNQ L]FQO VHT VHT LN PN[CHY OU DGIG
MOH GU MJHND ]HUO MFL CYQ] [C ON COC GD G[FG COH DIN GO GCS CO ]HNOQG
RNH PN]QNJD LSHULLT] P]CH LSHY[N LN[FO MOC LCFHD LSC UFHL RN OUH MDO ]H[L[ [JC
HO G]LG
L HD PHZQN ]W]S GHQG HZO DH[ZG K[WD OOND LQH[FG [HFNG LYJH LZL[WC ]SLFQ
PL[DFG L[D GQHFZG GQNJGH PL[YQ X[CN G REN RLSUNH FHDCG RFUG RE ]C WJO
RFU REO CQEHF CLG ]QCDH PLQ DH[DH OHFE UWD PQYUQ ONG PLJLQYQG PLOESH EG MH]D
GWHY[ PO M[FGH PSGLE GUSH PL[HJ P PL[FG PE RN OU PJW]SH OZOZ]SH [DS
HQHG MWG]QG D[JG KGOH PLDH[NG JNQ ]HZ ]HSNTH FTD OLUO PSLSU [CD]SH MJ L[G
]H[O PLFQHUG PLUYQCG OND PLOHNQG ON OU PFC [DE]L PC PEH PLLJG XU M[F [HQO
C[HDLZ
]HNH[C PLS R L ] Q G O H [HQE MHJD [HQJG PU MOLOH OHDTO PLNTLH MOQG
GQNJG DL]NFNH PLLJ GOHU PNJ GQNJG FHTH PLLJG XU M[F ]C CYQL CO CS]LQF
GKHTD FN MWLGOH GKQO PGO GQFS GOUQO PLFQHUNH ] N W G ] Q D[J RCN L LN GLJ]
OSN [HCG PHZQH PLQG CHG PH[FO PLULEQN RNH HCYQO ]HNOQG GZDN GQ O H][HDZD
LQH[FG [HFNG LYJD EGHS CHG LWN CZHHF RHWYG M[F ]NOHGH ]DDHT GQJG PLCH[ PHC]W
HQHZQD HO L CO [DF PH RCN HO CYQL CO LSF CIHJQD [FSTNOCO GOE]S GIH UHFLN
[TJ H]HNOQ VZH] ONH [DZ LOC GSUE] FU GSUD] CO [C PLSLUG JNQ CH RHLQF ONGH
ICH GLOZ] []OCOH GLTN C[WU OLOZ OZQ [TJH HGHOKZ LS HC OKZ LS HC ]HUQQ
HTLSH DESG LSZI HO HFUL RNC LWNH H]HNOQ G[[HW]SH HLQL LYJD ]QH HL[WQQ JH[G GCYL
MH[CG HUTQ ]C HO MTHJ GLG MHWLGG FHTD HSLDGO
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Q G ] J ] PLUSG PLUQG ON ]CH MOQ [H]D HLELG ON H]QNJD OLDGQG GQO
GQO [QC M[F OUH J[HI VCH HQHZQ OCH HL]HDLDT OU RHWY OC DDHTH PH[F OC MOHGG
POHUG ]HQHCO G]HCSG GFDO CLGH LSQQ GZHJ[ CLGH GQNJC L][QC GQNJD L]LTS GI ON
OC[L LSDQ PLNHDSOH POHUG ]HQHCO FQOO LFND PGD CYHLNH DESG LQNJD OC[LD PE GSLH
OC[L ]QNJ [ZLU POHCH OSNH PLNHDSGG[HQ H[WTD PDQ[G GU RLUN ]HOEG LNHDQD
HLOU HSLD[ GQ FJC GU[Q HSO GS]LS PLZOC ]QNJ GCOLU GQNJ CLG ]L[HZQG
VZH] CHGH GIG POHU ]HNOQ LELG ON H]QNJD OLDGG [JC GQO GSWQ HLOC PHOG
]FTL]Q HI GQNJQ C][D FTL CDCH OSN GQNJ R]L G NLU GQ HSJSH PYUD OHKLDG
ELOWGO CODH CZLLF DHLG MH]D FZG X[CDH OC[L ]TSND ]QC ]HNOQ PLQ ]HNOQ
HD HCHDL PLZLFY GO [UG L]QCG RFU RE J]W P PLOH[LD FZQD COC DESG X[CO
PLOH[LF UHFLN PH[FO LGON GLKS RCN L PHZQ ONQH CDD HSZFY JLQ LU GSDL
M[DOH DHKD PLLZO LFND PHLG FESN LGON GLKSD HSO LFH OC[L X[C O GQH[F ]OLJ]D
PLUDHKH HD PLUQKS COH HO FESQ PLDYLL]Q HSCN LHC[G POHUG UDK O GSLZ]G ]HFLQ]G ]C
RLCH C]HUL[EO MJ L[G HSO GUS HSLC RD[Z ]KLJ HD RLC GOLOG VCH POHUG ]HQHCN HD
OU HSO IQH[ CHG MJD PE DHK PUK PLQUHK COC CDHO C[QJ [QHJD IC PLUZS HSC
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PHLG RHNS FU@ OFH VHEG RQ GSGS VHEG FHTD HFESN GSLN RF ]LUSH [ZDG FU GOLOG ON ]QJW]QH
PQHL PUK GQ IU L[DH GELEJD H[F HQN PHLG [HCQ FTJ O KHJ HLOU MQSH [IHJ IC
COWS LHDL[ M[FD P O H U D COWSH OHFE PHO CD ICH > LQU G[L GOLOD F PHQ HFTJ G GHYL
RD [IUOC LD[ GI [QCH FDOD GQNJD PLEOWHQD COH DHLLG MH]D HSLLG HOHN POHU G D[ZDH
Z[WD C]LCFN
O N G HTSNLL OCLOQE RD[O FHELSD [QCH [FQG ]LD L[U J]W [C GL[IU
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G LFDU ]OJS ]CI >GD[G PLFLQO] FLQUGH PHOD CYLH PHOD TSNS MOG G]HYQDH
G PCS L]CQ P]ZFYH
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RLC ULZ[ UYQCD GQJ GD RLON]TQ ONG D[UQD GQJ GD RLON]TQ ONG J[IQD GQJ L[G UF]
RQ ZJ[QG ]QHUO P L O W N Q []HL D[UQO J[IQQ ZJ[QG [QHO ML[Y GI LWOH GD RLON]TQ ONG
PLHFJ UUH FEL JHC CHIJ D[UQO J[IQQ ZJ[QG UYQCD FQHU ON]TQG L[G X[CO PLQG
PL[HCDH
G[QCO [HTC LSWQ G]U RH[]W HO RLC PGL[DF X[]O L LN HO H[Z CO []W GO RLC CF C]OLQ
FDC[G H[LW HLNU
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PL[WQ LH ]HOWGH GHCEG LWON H[W [WQG HQYU ]C GLJL HQYU ]C ]LQL
PEH G[H] L[DF OU HQYU OLWLH ]LQL ]HLJO GYH[G G[H]G RLSUO DT[ ]HC VHT ZLFYG ]ZFY FHUH C[
ZDLH PGLOU HDO GDELN MWGOH CDG POHUDH GIG POHUD GLJL ICH PLEHSU] [JC H[D MHQL CO
GNI CO PLLJ PT HO ]LUS GNI P[QHCNH VOJ CE]D Q]CFH RLSUN PL[YZ]Q HLQL G[[
C[ U GNCOQD J[KL HQYU ]LQL PL[WQ LH
PH[E HSD[ U
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ILD GSHL HSD[O GDH] L[UD CDHQ X[C M[F ]NTQ ]HQ] CO FU ]HQ ]HQ] CO MSHY[
PHH ]HDLJ PH PGD GC[L COH PQYUO PGN PLLQEG PLSLSUG ONO H]HC] ]C ]LQL H[LW
QU DJ HGLOCQ D]NQ CDG POHUG GFLJLG ]LON]O PLQQ PG GFQD COC ]OUH]
MO GSLLG] ]HWZGG LW OU RG PC ML]HDJQD RHJDH C[ZF CQOU ]HWZGH ]HDJQ OKD
KHZF CQOUD FL]UD
PLSHUG LFL OU PFCO PLSHZL] GO
WSG ONH] COH GIG POHUGQ [LW [DN HFL OU PFCG [LNL [DZG KHDLJ [ D Z G S H U D C
HL]HHC]H VHEO FHU DHO
C[HS HWSD ][UHD ]L HSHY[ FES GU OU H]K[J ]W[S ]H[LDUG ]CQHK P S G L E L S H U D D
PHLCH
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GQNJ ]LC[ LU G[H]G ]H[D ODS L PLHFZ L[ OI RDQ[G L[DFNH MO M]HQD MQYU FZ
KHH LWD C[HKLWN OI P[QCNH GZ G]LQ CLG GNH[C G]LQ OSG RWHCD GIG POHUGQ GL[WG
RCN PE MO GSZ KHZF CQOUD PFCG ]HWZG GSG RG GOC ON M[F [DU [DN LQ O HL]HWZG
QU CJ P ]HQ] CO FU ]HQ ]SLJD HSLLGH HOOG ]HL]QCG ]HWZGG
DH[Z
VTHS H[W [W C[GH C[ PH[E HSD[ G[[G RQ J[DL PL[WQ L RKOH HNOQ LSTL
]HSLOQDH G[LTQD HD HFJL HC HLOU HOLOUL CO ]H[G RQ HQYU ZLJ[L [WQO
PH[E HSD[
PLODJ ]HYHDZ LS]QF L[HDLZ
OLCHG HO HIQ[ DGIQ LHUG PJO HLOC RCLDGD CDGFF CQGS LSLC LONC LQ HGO [QC DU
GLGL HLOC DC] HSG GI DGI ELL [CNH DGIOH RHQQO CLG H]HHC] [H[D L[G PJOO ZHZI HSLCH
HO GJLSQ GSLC GHC]G O GUDK RN LN PFHZQN ]H[]HQG HO H[TJL RLLFUH PJO HQN H[HDU DGIG
EO] IL XLDOCHQ J[EO [THQ ]HJL POHUG RQ H]CLYHQ FU PFCO
FZQG ]LDD PC GUSG OU JLEQH JZWQ [QHON GLC[ RHOQ RIJ [WQ MH[UG PLSIJO PH[TQ
GDJ[GD UU PLC[HZ ]HZHSL]G RNLG GCH[ RIJG [WTG ]LDD PC ]TSNG RIJ ]TSNG ]LDD PC
CQ GKHT ]UF VTHLD CDHQD
PLTLLWQ [QCF RCQO FDOD PLTSNQ COC PGLOU RLJLSQ HLG COH PGLFED ]C P]HC RLKLWQ HLG
CT[
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FDOQ FHZ LFED PLKHW HLG TLLWD HNI CO PLSGNG OU RCN [DHFQ GNOG RNH FZ LFEDD
HNI HOCD [DHFQ OHJ LFEDD PLTLLWQ FQOH PGLTSNQ PLKHW ICH OHJ LFED PLDHO PLTSNQG
OHJ LFED PLKHW MN [JCH ]HULSY PHQ PGLOU OHJ LFED FHUD FHZ LTSNQ P]HC PLLDOQ HLG
GNFN CQHL LWU FZG LFED [C PLDHO ICH FDOD PLTSNQ COC PGLOU PLJLSQ HLG COH
EO VF
GLG PL[WQ LH PDQ[ FD ]LOKQ PL[WQ L ROUQOQ HLOU GLG ]OKHKQ RLQNH HO GLG LHTNH
FHUH MH[UG LWU GW COO FED ]TLW HSLLGF LCOK ]HQFN LHUG DGIQ LHTLN GI
GOUQ ][HKZGH PLCOKD ]CYO PN[F PLLSUG LN PLLSUG ]C ][UQ ][HKZG RQLTO RN HU CQH
FDC[G H[LW LWU ][HKZG LDE OU RH]S LCOKG MNO GOUQ GOUQ PLLSUG ]C
C[G GILJCO ]UDK ]OKHKQ PL[WQ LH
FLD HLHTNH VN DI ROGO GSQG RHONH MIDG OU COH VNG OU RH]S GLG GTNQG PL[WQG HD]N
PL[HCDH PLHFJ FE RLFLQ] OG MOQO GSQD CDHQ UD [CD LWU FJC
LHTLN MIDO PE GLG ]OKHKQG FDOQ [CHDQ P PDQ[DH
PSLH GYZHQ [HTLC PHQ P]HC PLOKOKQ RLCH ]DD X[G OUH PLOJE LDE OU G]HC RLWHN
]UF VTHLD UH HY ]HJSQD TH]G HD]N DHLNH C[G H[LW LWU FZQD VC H[TC ]HD L[HTLC
OU ONG JLSQ HC HOCQD HOKHS PC [W]S CO VNG MH]Q MIDG ]C OKHS GLG ][KZD GNI LQ
RLQLD MIDG OKHSH GWY[G
HSQQ [IW]S PLLTQ HQNH HLSWJ MH]O ][KZG G[UQ H[DJH MIDG ]C HDH[ZO HC HDGHCO HS]HSH
CHG RNH HLSWJO MIDGQ H[DJ HO G[LU ][KZG [C PU FJL [QHO GY[ HLSWJD HO HS]HS HNH]O
C[G H[LWD GNH IE RLFLQ] PDQ[G RHOD
OCQH RLQL HSLLG HLSWJ COQ L[G RLQL ML[Y RLCH ][HKZ ][KZGO ][ LON ML[Y RLC [CHDQ GSG
FQOH OCQD G[N G[KZG RCNQ JLNHG FE RLFLQ] LHOG J[EG LHFJD PE UH HDN ]HJSQ LC RHIJ LWU FJL
PDQ[G ]KLO ][HKZG ]NOHGD GYLYJ PHQ OHTWO RLC RCNQ
MIDD HW] H[DJ CYQS H[DJO G[THQH HSLQLD MIDG ]C GNH]Q OKHS HQYU CHGH HDGHCO VNG [THQ GOLJ] GC[S G[HCNO
LSWJ ]J]QQ HOCQD VNG ]C IJHC [DJG FHUD [LKZQG O HLSWJO MIDG RQ H[DJ G[UQ G]UH HOCQD VNDH HSLQLD
PLHFJ GWY[G OU PHON MWLL CO H]ODZ LFN MH] GNH]O PLTSNS RGNG LFL MN GDJ[H GJHK G]LG VNGH@ [LKZQG
HLSWJO VLTHQ GNLOGD [IW]S GQ PU LH[LUG LFN MH] VND [IW]S GQH >PL[HCDH
FDOD MIDG ]C COC H[DJO VNG ]C GOLJ]D [THQ HSLC UQQ PDQ[D POHCH
RQ ]LUS G]LG ][HKZG ][KZG PLSHC[G L[DF COHO GSQG RHO ]HKW LWU [WO FFLY PL[HCDH PLHFJ [WTDH
HKS PLSHC[G UHFQ GQ]H MIDO GS]HSH HLSWJD H[DJ GOKHS ][HKZ GD [IW]S PCH H[DJO VNG ]C [THQH HLFLD COH MIDG
GI H[LWQ
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