[DFG CHG MN HS]LLEHTD CQJ [D LQ[ ]UFO [QHO L PHZQ ONQ RN [WQ GC[S RLC ]HQHZQ
E OSN IL[EG RN FTLL [DNH ]HNL[CD U G [HUL XLDHY[W S[EG L[HUL GH[UG RLFO G[YG RLFQ JLNHG RNOH
FJ [HTLC HSLC GH[U ][Y [HTLC KZS J VFO FOZ CHIJD HOLCH
RHOG RLC G[HCNO C[L]GO CQOF C[HTLCO GLOU LCGF LCQQ CSGN D[O LC D[ GLO [QC
GHYQ PHZQD CO G[Y [L]GO COC [HTCO M[YHG CO GLOU OLUO CD[ ZLTG L[G ]ZFZHFQ HIG
CL[ GLOU PHZQD CO C[LTCF CHG GLOU PHZQD
HSULQGO M[YS HSLC [HTLCO PL[QHC HSC COC [HTLCO CHG C[ZQG ]C[HG [ZLU PHQ [QHO LH
COC C[ZQG KW RN LN C[HTLC RHO RCN HKZS MNO [L]GOH ZHLFG OLDD COC DH]NO M[YHG COH
CDKL[H CD[ [L]GO [H]LG RQ PL[HF HSC
K VF
RLC ]HYQ ]HYQ CL]C CLSH FLJL [HDYN JLQ L[G PUG ]QCO JLQD DL]NF ROSQ JLQ
FHQOO VLFU LCFH LN [HDLYQ JLQ ]HYQ ]HYQ GH G[IEQ COH PUG ]QCOQ H[F UHFQ ]HZGO
MLL RLC FHUH [JC PHZQQ FHQOOQ PUG ]QCN JLQ ]QC G[W G]HCD [HWQG DH]NG RQ
]HYQ CLFGD HFQO CQH HD[Q GODZ RN PC COC HQYUQ GH G[IE RF PFC RLC L[G RN ]HZGO
CS CJ CD[G ]H JLQD COH CLSDH FLJLD Z[ ]HYQ
GOHN G[H]G ON GZHG GQ[ FLD GU] [C WSGH GEED GUO PNO GLGL ]JC G[H]
]FHDUDH GOCG ]HYQG ON ]C HU] COH HE] LNH RLSUG ]OLJ]D [QCS LWO PLDNHN ]FHDUO
]HHYQG ON O GLZG L[G J ]HL[HGD H[F HQN ]HHYQG ON FESN GOHZ CLG DH]NG [DFQ PLDNHN
D ]H]L[NH KT ]D L[ LWU ]JC G[H] ROHNO
VLLTD RLDH[Q KOW RSHQQ MNLWO GOLZTD PLFLJL PLDH[QO PLFLJL RLD DH]NG ZOJ HSLYQ LWO
PSHQQD PLZHOJ GFDHUG [QHO ]UFG OU GOU RGL]HSD[ZD ZHOJS OHNL FDC RSHQQ MNLWO
VLLTD RLDH[Q KOW RSHQQ M N L W O GOLZTD PLFLJL C[QEG RHON@ P]]LQD PLZHOJ GQQ GCYH] CLG
RHLYO [HC LWU PGL]HSD[ZD PE PLZHOJ HLGL PUKG H]HCQ [QCS RN RHLNH > FDC RSHQQ M N L W O
P PLG ]HLOE[Q [WTD PLWTHS PLQUK UH HSHQQD HLOU ]OZG H]]LQD PLFLJLG OU ][QJG MH]Q CLZ RL[FGST L[U
P NQDH
PCH H]LLQF CHG ]HYQ [CD [HDY [W H]LLO H]LLO LCQ ZOJS CSLQC GHG LNG HCO CG
]JFSG [LU [QHC G]C MND RN PCH [LUH [W [HDLYG PLCLDQ PLDNHN ]FHDUD COG MND GQ [QC]
ZOJ FQO G]C P]]LQQ RHLN GZ CO "PGL]HSD[ZD ]ZOLJ L[G PLDNHN ]FHDUD [W CLD]
POHNQ PGD ZHOJS RD[Z RLSUO PE FDC PSHQQ ]H]LQ LDLLJ [C ONQ PHNUD PLDH[Q RLF DH]NG
CDKL[H RDQ[ LWU
KN
]UF VTHL
L]LLQF CHG ]HYQ [CD FLJL GDN H]LLQF CHG ]HYQ [CD [HDY [W H]LLO H]LLO LCQ
D[Z OON HGHSCYQ CO RLQ RD[ZO FJ RLQ HSDOQ ]HFDO HSO RLCH ]HYQ [CD CLS [LU
CDKL[ LWU JDIQG OU ]HD[Z RSLC ]HLJ [CN HOC L[G GI RLSUO DNH OEU RHEN GIN RHHU OU
C[H]UH
RLCQ GOCG OU HFQU PLSHC[G LS]ZH RSD[H CDLZU LD[ LELOWF GHFZ [HTLCH GHYQ [HTLC L[GH
GSLC HCOD G[HTC CLG GQDL RLHCO LDLLJD RLWH] RLHFZ RLC [QC CDLZU LD[O GKHWG GJSGG
GU] CO GJFLH GU CHDL [QHO CHG RLFD COG ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ
RLC GH[U ONO RLFG CHG CLG C[DT PHDLQH GYLOJQ G[HKW GH[U DH]NG RQ HSFQOH [JCQ HD]NH
RDQ[ U >CDLZU LD[ [DHT MN C[QEG LOUD HUFLH@ ][N GD RLC LW OU VCH GD PLWH] RLHFZ
ELC PHDL L[IU LDC EZT C DZUL ]HOGZD PGL[DF [HCDD UUH CDKL[H CD[
RHOD U PG GH[U L[HTLC OOND RLHCO LDLLJ CDLZU LD[OH GHFZ [HTLC GSQG RHOQ PE C[QED HZLLF RN VLTHGO L
L[HTLC N ROGO NQD UU PL[HTC COC RLHFLZ L UQQ RLHFLZ L[HTLC GHFZ [HTLC [WO LH L[LCQG
GH[U LHOLE [HTLC COC RLHFLZ PGD RLC GH[U
RLHFZ GD PLWH] RLC ]JZO GJZOH >CQOUD@ GD C[HZ LSC RLC ON PUKG PL[WQ LH
KL HJ CD[G ]H LWU GQDLH OOND GSLCH CLG PHDLH GYLOJ ]D HCO
RLF GLG GLOU COHO GC[S G[HCNOH GC ]HJC KUQO GLOU Q H[FO ML[Y UHFQ GI LWO GZG IKJ ]H[UG XDHZD C
ODC PLTWH] PHDL PHZQD CQOUD GD RLTWH] RLHFLZ RLC LWUC JC ]C PHDL OND L PN GH[U PHDLD ]HLC ]TLW]
RLFG CHG COLQQH GH[UD RLHFLZ ]TLW] ]H[WC JC ]CQ FHQOO RLC HSUQ GIQ PHDLQ ]HL[U G[H] GKULQ [JCQ
PGLS ]C D]N CHG CD[G COG UF]@ RHC[G XH[L]O PLOQ GI XH[L] CYQS RLHFZ ]TLW] PGD RLC RLHCO LDLLJO
VC CHG PHDL ]HYQ PHLZ [QCS CO VLTHGO CD COC >[JC XH[L] D]N PHZQ OND UHFQ HQYU LSWD FQHU XH[L] ON PCH
DQ LL ]LD [WTD UUH GJZOH O] ]HLC ]TLW] COD
F OCHQ ]N[D UFH GF CLH PHDL MOQG [U UU
LDLLJ HQN RGL]H[Y ]H[KHW LCFH CDLZU LD[O RLHCO LDLLJ RHC[G XH[L]G LWO PLYH[L]G LS RLD GSLQ CZWS D]N LQ L D
RLC LSG XH[L]G LWO HOLCH >GKHW GJSGN RCN TH]G HKZS RNH KL HJ CD[G ]HD CDHQ LQOH[LD [CHDQ RNH@ ]H]L[N
DD GKHT L[IU LDC U GQYUO [HKW COC HSUQ CO J[NHQ [DFG
]LW] USHQ CHG PN GH[U [HTLC FHUH KQ ROGO L[ ]KL LW OU X[L] JL PLCHOQ LSDC [WTDH
COG CDLZU LD[O RLHCO LDLLJD PHDL MLL [QCS PC L[GH HOJ [DN RLHFZ ULZWQ CHG MN RLHFZ
RLHFZ RLCH OLCHGH GH[U CLG PHQ ]HLCG [Z UZWLL GSHC[ GCLDD GHYQG PHLZ [JCO FLQ
GI RWHCD C[ZLUQ PHDL MLL RLC DH PGLOCQ PLUZWS RWHCD RQIO
FHUH GH[UD PHDL GLG ][N HD L ]O GJHF GU GLG PC H[QC L[G C[QEG ]LLEHTQ HL[DF GJF KCL ]H[UG XDHZD
GLOU Q HSFQO CWHE HI C[DT [WO L CQH UZWS MN [JC POHUO RLSZ COC RQIO RLSZ GI RLC COG G[DTG FYQ GZG
RLC PLWH] RLHFZ RLC ON DH]NG GOLE PLSHC[G HD]N PUKG RLUNH PHDL GI RLC PHDLG [JCO UZWL] ]HLCG ON
PHDL ]D GSLC C[ZLUQ MNO GH[U [HTLC LU FLQ HUZWLL RHLN [DTG ]WTH]D MC PHDL RLF GD
C G[UG DQ LL ]LD CNG GQ L[QC U PLCHOQLSDCG L[DFD VTHS QHQ
][]HQ GID G[HTCG RGD C[HZ LSC ROHND CLLJ LD[ LS] RNH D[ [QC GFHGL D[ [QCGH DU
GLG LD[ L[G H]UF LW OUH LD[ ]SQ OU HL[DF [QC CLLJ LD[ GJSGG OU ]TTHDQ CLHZG GIO
O
K VF ]HQDL
CO HLJC ]CD GIO ][]HQ GIO G[HTCG CYHQ G]C RLC LN C]EHOWD L[LLQ LD[ JNHQ RN PCH HD[
CDKL[ RHUQ LD[O COC HQOHUD GLG
][JC GSQD T[HE H]HUQQ ]HQHZQ GQND CLLJ LD[ LS] LHKLDG ]HQHZQ GQNQ JLNHGO HSCDG FSZ DD [JC PHZQD C
[IULOC LD[ GF DN ]H[HND TH]D PE UH ]LSHYLJ C]LL[D GSLCH G[WQ HC
][DFQ GSQG RLC LLDCOH GFHGL D[O ODC C]EHOWD L[LLQ C[WT D[O Z[ COGH C[QEG GZQ GQ ]HZGO L G[HCNO D
D[ L[DFD COC HZOJS CO LLDCH GFHGL D[ LD[O GFH MLSQTH GFH D[H GFD L[ ]HSHO ZHFZF LWU GC[SH C]EHOWD
C[QEG ]LHZH ROHND [QC LCFH CLLJ LD[ ODC OON ROHND D[ [QC COH H]D OU PE [DLF HC MOLCH H]HQJQ [DLF CHG PCG
[ LS] RNH D[ [QC GFHGL D[ [QC RHOG ZHFZF DLLO L GIDH@ [HQCN LD[ ]UFO GH H]UF CQ]TQ CLLJ LD[Q COC GSLC
PE UQQD GLG IC LN MWGO [QHO GLG [WC LC LN [LW L]C [HQCGO MC CS]G L[DF PLFZGO HO GLG G[HCNOH LHOH CLLJ
L[D [H >OLH FDOD RZOJD COC ROHND D[ [QC CO LLDCH GFHGL D[O L[G RHNS GI RLCH C[HZ LSC ROHND [QC D[
RN [LW CO JN ROGO
LD[ [UE UHFQ NC >L[LCQD QN ROHND [QC D[O RNH@ C]EHOWD L[LLQ MJ[N OU C[WT D[O RHLN CLHZG [WO L FHU
C[WT D[>H D[@ L[DFNH HQOHUD GLG CO HLJC ]C OU PE HKHWN ROHND [LW LHO RN]L COGH JHQ HO RLC GQHFQN LHOD
IK LS]LO GZG RN OUH
PSHONH PD]NN
IK LS]LO HK LS]F CL[LC LCQ LD[O LHO GLO [QC
C]NOLG P]T COC RNO PFHZ ]H[HFT HLG ]HLSQG [FLT LD[ LW OU VC GC[S
]HQDLF CQZ CZ[LWF CGQ HO ODHZQG RHOQ U[E COH VLTHG CO GSQG [FLT LW OU VC LD[F
C S ] L S ] F CL[LC LCQ [QCZ COH HL LS]LO HK LS]F CL[LC LCQ LD[O LHO GLO [QC [QCZF
COH L[LLQZ CO C]EHOWDH [QCZFQ FHUH LD[O COH GSQO GZQF UQQ HL L S ] L ] HK
OU GNOG RZL] COC ODLZ [FT CS] LD[ RSL[WQFN GSLQ UQ R S L [ L L C CO C]EHOWDH [QCZ
JS DJ PLFHQLO RHO ]HWTH]G LOUDQ RHSLZQ [O ]H]L[NG [WT GQNTGG LW
]TSN LSC ]HQLQ FHU GQHFZ PLL[ZLUG GLZOJ OU GSQG PLSH[JCH PLSHC[ HJLNHG [DN RNC
[LFGQDH FTHLD UH ES CQHLDH RCN ]HLJ X[GQ U G]HJFO HD]N L HS]LEHTQ GLC[G ]C PSQC GOHFEG
ILZ QU PSHODH OIJ L[DFD PLSHLU EJ C M[N PLSHC[ ]H[HF ]H]L[NG TO
ML]UF LCQ HFZFZD JHQ HO RLC LO GQHFQN GLO [QC LD[O LHO GLO [QC
K
MLC MON MLOU DLDJ M[DJ FHDN LGL GSQD [QCSH RLUQS ]JSD PLQNJ L[DFF [JC L]OCS
GQND [QCSG C]]UQ CGO [QC D[ DLNH PLLS FN RLSUN TD PLOHIOIH PL[HKSZ PLQUWO HSLYQ
"PLD[ GSGNH L]NHF
C[]D CDD ]NTQD PLODHJ ODDD PLQNJ LFLQO] HC[ZS LW OU VC LCFH LN ]OC GWL GDH]
FYQ HC GI OHQ GI PLQJOS HO L CN VN OC VN ]CNGH ]H[QH ]HOHFE ]HZUYGH PLFHZL[G FYQ CO
HFLQO]H D[ HSDH DC [UD PLDLHC ]C H[DFL LN [QCS GI RHSET OU CO LN GOLOJ PLOHIOIH PL[HKSZG
R]LLC[DH RGL]H[DTD PLFES]Q PG FYQ Z[ PLDLHC HUS
PI[IO LFN PLZ PL[DFD H L FLQO]O JLNHGO D[O []HQ HSLLG HNH LO GQHFQN L D[ [QC GQH
CO
]UF VTHL
]HLSUOH RL[FGSTF ZWT C[QEDN LD[ FLQO] GLG LHOH GCLEGH ]HUKG RQ H[QLH HJLELH HSLLUL
PLO[]Q GCH[ PC HLFLQO] OU THUNO D[G DLLJ D]N GQ PDQ[GO CYL LD[ L[DFQ L]UF
GUKL LHC[ GLG COH CHG EOWHQH OHFE PFC LHOD UFL LD[ LSWQ RNO CLT HQ[ RQLT FHL UHD CDHG
VHT CLS] L[GH HJH[ GDHEQ HC TUNQ CO GOLOJ ]HZ HLOC [DLF RNO GJEGH RHLU KHULQQ CO PC
M[HCD FHU U DSZ [LCL ]HJ ]H GHSU GOKD LD[ ]QQ GKHT
L VF
C]EHOWD L[LLQ PC [QC] PCH L[LLQZ C]EHOWDH LOON LSG LD[O GLO ]LO POHUO [QC LC D[
CO CS]G LW OU VC [QHO LH "RGL]H[Y ]H[KHW CDLZU LD[O RLHCO LDLLJ GSQD HSLS CO UHFQ
CO ODC GNOGO P]HQN PLKZHS PL[DF COC KZHS HSLC ]ZHOJQD LHS CHG [DF ]HSOQ USQS
LWU ]HQDLL]Q COH ]HYOHJH PGD PLWH] RLHFZ RO CQLLZF RLHCO LDLLJ RHEN RN GNOG RLC [DF
CN HJ CD[G ]H DUDH RCN CD[H TH]
RL]LS]Q ]ZLLF CO CQUK LCQ GLO ZG GLO [QCZF HFZFZD JHQ HO RLC LSC GQHFQN LCQH
CQLOLC HQC LCQ HOCQ ]H[HQJ ]HL[U LS]ZF >HLDC ]THSCD [TCF@ CLG GFHGL LD[ LS]QF
]CHS HSLLG HQC GOLJ]D [DT LHO HOLCH HLDC ]THSC HCO COC HLDC ]C HSLLG HLDC ]CHS
CO GQH CS]G M[F RNH HQC GSLC HLDC ]CH HLDC ]CHS CLG HQC F[WSD CS]G GSH HLDC
CD[ LWU HQC GSLC HLDC ]C ]HOLWNGQ HSLEFGO LFN OOND HQC CG]H HLDC ]C P]T [QC
[JC RLSUD H[W TH]GH FHUH
GO GOWSH PLSD COD >RDHC[@ ]QH RD GSQQ FLOHGH H]ON TSC DZUL GO ]JNQ LQS LCF COD
G[TCS CO RWHC CHYQO PLYH[ HSC GSHHNG GC[SNH GKHT LGL[G RHY[D PC LN TSC KZS MNO CDKL[G D]N G[D LQZ
]QDLL]Q GSLC DH GOUD OU [TCGO GKHTN GSLF PC PHDL RLF GD MLL MNOH GOUD OU
>G]U RLQLLZ HSC L[O L[G@ GFHGL LD[O HOLWC GOUDO CLG ][]HQ HLDC ]THSC G]U ]LUS LWUC HL[DFQ JLNHGO LH
G]JZO Z[ CHG [HTLCG PHQ HC HLDC ]THSC ]LUS MND GOUD OU ][TCS GCG RLC PHQ CHG PUKG PC ZW]TGO LH
MN RLD L[G HLDC ]THSC PHQ PE DLLJ]LH [TCLL PCG HLDC TSHC LU GOUD OU G[TCS RGN ]CD GSLQ CZWSH GOLJ]NO
HCO PC HLOU G[TCS
QNH KQ ROGO U GD RLTWH] RLHFLZ RLC UQQH HLDC ]THSCQ RLFG CHGH RLHCO LDLLJQ [IQQ L CDLZU LD[O RLLUO LH
CYL GH[U ]LUSN RLHFLZG GSQQ PLUZHW GD RLTWH] RLHFLZ RLC ON KQ L[ L[DFQ GC[SG LWO RN PC RCN TH]D
UYH HLDC ]THSC ]LUS L[G GLHFLZ MND HUZWLL H]ON TSC DC
GJLZ HI L[G HLDC ]THSC PHQ GFHGL [O G]JZOH DHO [TCLL GOUD G[LEH H]C ]C HLDC TSC OC[L [D]TQ QQH
GI OND DYH GFJ
GLG C]LL[DG [FTD GGLEG LS]QD LHO GZTW FL[H]DH GZ]W PLSHC[D GZFD RN LW OU VCH
RDL[G H[LW GWTHC GL]LS]QF CT[LED COC FHQO] PLD]HN HLG CO PG QQ GGLEG COH GSH
DO