GI PUK [WO M[HY RLC ]LSHOLCO [QHO L ]SCQQDH ]LSHOLCD PGLSD GHG FJC PUK [QC
RDQ[ LWU GFLOD [DFG ]HO]O COH ]HOFE PHQ [WO HO GLG RN PCH ]SCQQO COC CD CO H[ZLUH
[DN ]HLSHOLC HCYQS RGD [QHO OHNL G]C LC ]HSO CS]O GLG D]N L[LCQGH CDKL[H CD[
HOFE [DN HSCLQ COH HFOL
HS]LEHTQ POHCH ]FOHL GSKZG RLC LN HOFE LCFH HFOL [DN RHLN [WO L PLLZ GIG ZHLFG RLC ]QCG LWO PL[DHT L
CLEHTG MQGD CD[H RDQ[ U RN GC[S RLC
EL VF
GH[U ][Y DH]ND FJ]S [LW PLSH[JCGQ L CQLLZ GH[U PHZQDF C[LTC CQUK LCQ G[Y
G[HTLC ]DLTH H]D][YD PE PLLZ PHDLG RQ H]DD L [HKW EHT H]HC [QHON PHDL RLSUO GH[UN
PLZOHJ LH IO LL ]LD UH FHUH EZT H LTH E LTHT ]H[UG XDHZ LWU JC ]C PUKQ COH H]D ][Y PHQ
G[HTC COLQQH [HKW COC HSLC GH[U ][Y RLF >]HQHZQ GQND L[ RHO ]HKWN@ PL[WQH MN OU
J E OLUO RLHYQD UU JC ]C PHQ
GUD COC OUDG LLJD GOJ GZLIG RLC HI GUFO VC LCFH PLOLWQ PLSHC[G RLCHS [DT CS] LCGH
CHG ]Q PFHZ H]QH PLSD HO HLG PC MNOH PHDLO GOLWS RLSUO OUHWD ]UDHZG GUG CLGH ]Q
]UD ZZILGO GO PLQ[HEG PG RLCHLSD [DN ]QLLZ G O L W S G ] D L T HI GUFO COC ]QDL]Q
HLLJD PLSD HO L PC PE MNOG@ PLSD COD ]HQL PC CDGOC GZLI RLF GLOU OJ RLCHLS ]UQH G]LQ
GLG ON POHUO G[HTC G[YG GIH >]HQLNO MN [JC PLQLLZ PLSDG HLGL CO PC GZLI RLF ]HOJ MLL
GH[UG G]Q HOLWC G]UQH GH[U][Y P GLOU OJ [DN PHQ ]JC GU G[YG PU GH[UO LHS
G]HC [HTC] GH[UG M[HY RLCH GH[U][Y P GLOU C[ZS [DN LN G[HTLCD G[YG ]FQHU G[E]S HC
GUZW CO HIG GDLTGH G[YD RN PE GSL GH[UG O [HKWG ]DLT CLG DH]NG ][IE@ GUH GU OND
>GH[UG LH[LED
CDGO LWON CO VC GZLI RLF GLOU RLC RNO PFHZH GOLWSG ]DLT CLG G]LQG ]OWQ G]LQ [QCF RCQOH
EH ]H[UG XDHZ LWU OON GH[U ][Y P OUDG LLJD GLOU OJ CO MNOG
EHU LTDH LQOH[LGQF PSQC RG GF DL ZJYL [NID U PLSDO G[Y RLF RLD ZOJO ][JC C[DT
]QFHZ GYLOJ ]HYQ OHC CDCN HS]SQ HSFQUG LW OU VC G][Y PDLL]]H C]G RCQ]H
GSQG RHOQ CLG CLHZG [QHO LH "G][Y PDLL]] LFN RCQO GFQOS UHFQ RN PCH PHDL ]HYQO
PDLL]GO ONH] RCQ] PC COG PLOCH RN OUH PDL]GO GOHNL GSLC UQQ ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ
GF DL OLUOH RCN TH]D UUH CLEHT M[FD H[QC OLUOH ]QFHZ PHDL ]HYQ [ZLUG FHU D]N L[LCQGH CDKL[H CD[
COC
IO
RLCH GLDCO PHDLO ]FQHU GSLC COG RHCLQ GD MLL GQ RLLUO L G][Y PDLL]]H C]G RCQ]H
GQN ]UF RN RLCH PDL RLC LW OU VC ]Q GOUD LCHLSD RCQO [WC G[HCNO UQQH GZLI GD
RLCN VC RHCLQ MLL PYUD VTHLLZHQSG ]UFO POHCH CL RLH[LE OG GSQ FLEQH PDQ[ U PLSHC[GQ
GSCLQ CO LSWQ PDH[Z ]SQOCN ]LC[S LSWQ PLDH[ZO G[L]GO OLUHQ GIG RHCLQG RLC COC PDL
DZTD UUH GCLZ LC RHIJ LWU GOUD ]Q [JCO FU
]UF VTHL
]SCQQN ]DJS CQOUD RHCLQ GUQ G]U LSWQ [LWH DL OLUO CDKL[G MN OU [LUG [DNH
OSN PGQ FJCD GSCLQH PL[JC PLQDL P L RHEN PLFLQUQ L CLDGH
G[HTC PDLD GSCLQ HLDCO ][]HQ OUDD GSCLQ OCZIJL [D LQ[ LS]F LSC GH[U ][Y CO
LFN HLDC OU G[TCO RHEN H[IE ][N [HTLC PHZQD CZHFH H]D ][YN ]LC[S GOLWS ]SQ HLDCO
ODC ][ND G[HTLC LSWQ H[IE GH[U ][Y RLSUO RNH GOUD ]]LQ [JCO HO ][]HQ H]ON H[QCL CO
GOUD ]]LQ ]UD GQDLN ]LC[S LSWQ PL[THC RLCH ZHO CSLGO ][]HQ PDLD GSCLQ GQDL ON
FL[H] LWU HD H[IE COH ][ND COH HCOD GI [HTLC LN ZHO ][]HQ GQDL [QHO HCHDLH
DH]N L[GH LQOH[LD HZG GWHTD CG DH]NG GO OLKG G]OJ]D FQO GNL[Y GDL] ON DU
X[]QH GWHTD CG GO OLKG G]OLJ]D FQO GNL[Y GSLC LWUC L[G GOHCO PLU[ HDHL
OHCO [QC HOLCN CD[ CGH FQO GO OLKG RLSUG ZIHJO [QHON OHCD GSH]J]G CKHLFO
CDKL[ PLQUW L] OHCO
GI RLC [QCS LNG CG PL[HF ]HQHZQ GQND LW OU VC HGO UQQ CO GYHJG GYHJ MFLCH
RHZL]Q CHG RLSQIH C[FO CG L]CF RLSQI RLH ]HQHZQG ON CO CLZ CO "LCQ ]LDO COC
CDKL[ PLQNJO DH]NG H[TQH CNGF CG LN HNFH RHOG
[HTLC OU OJ [HTLC RLC PL[DHT PEG OOG ]LDH [HTLC OU OJ [HTLC RLCF LCQ ]LDF HGLLQUK
RLD OJH GC ]HJC [HTLC CD JC ]C [HTLC UZWL [CN FHUH GH[U ][Y [HTCO [[YO DH]NG GOLE
RDQ[ G[YD RLD GH[UD
]ULZW OOED G[YG OU OJ GC ]HJC [HTLC OSG G[DTG GOLUHQ PC DY GHYQ PHZQD CO G[YN ]DJS CSZTQG LWO
GHYQ PHZQD CO G[Y OHGH G[HTLCD ][CS GH[UG COGH JC ]C [HTLC
CO ODC [HTLC OU [HTLC OJ CO ]HZOQ ]HWTHG RLSUO CZHF LN OOG ]LD O PQUK [LW L[LCQGH
PLJCG [CO ][]HQ GQYU CLG RHLN PQUK [LW CD[GH ][JCG RQ GH[U ][Y P ULZWGO
OJ CHG VLTHQ JC ]C [HTLC PHQ CDKL[G D]N VTHS PUK GHYQ PHZQD GH[U ][Y HI L[G
PLWTHS PLJC LN Z[ MLL GI PUK MC H]D [HTLC OU OJ MNO PLJCG ON OU
GHYQ PHZQ DJS GH[UG OU JC ]C [HTLC OJ CO PC PE RNOH JC ]C [HTLCD LHO] HSLC PHDLG []G GDO H[LW CO
UYH CLZT EQ VFO IQZ CHIJ UH PHDL ]HYQ RLC JC ]C [HTLC COD GJSGO PLFHQ ONG UQQH G[HTC G][Y MNOG
RCN L[ZLC RSJHL [O LZO L[ GLO [QC [U PLSDH [U FJCD ]C[ZS GOLEQ P]G RS]
RSJHL LD[ O H]HTJL]G ][NIHQ RLC CLEHTG MOGQ OND ]HFHEC ]HFHEC HU] CO HFFE]] CO
PL[WQG ]HFHEC ]HFHEC ]LLU PHQ PLZHOJ PLSQID G]CL[ZD RLC UHFQ GOLEQQ GOCG OU
]SLE ]HD PE UH L[LCQG NNH CDKL[DH C[D CDHQ CHG PLYH[L]G FJC ]HSH PLN[FD [CDO HNL[CG
HSZ] MN FDOD ]HQHZQG LZHOLJD COC ]HUFG ]ZHOJQD LHO] [DFG RLC GOLEQD EL CJ PLF[H
[LURD ]HLGO [HDUL PC M[NRD CHG G]U PFC H]HC L[GH PHZQH PHZQ ONO GSH RQI C[ZLUQ
VC RSJHL LD[H GOLEQ L[ RDQ[ U RN HSZ] [DFG PUKDH ]ZHOJQ J RLC GI RHEN ONDH HSLF GS]L
]HZGO MO GLG PQ HEGS PHZQ ]LS CO RCN FU HO [QC HGIH GI PUK LSWQ HDLGO J CO
PHON GZ CO GOLEQQ LN
JO
EL VF ]HQDL
PGLSN MC GUHKN LSG FYG ]C ZLIJQ FY ON [CN COC PLFHFE PLFHFE DJS RLC [QHC LHG
D]NH GNOGO HFY] PG[DC REQG ZTW RNH ]H[H] L] RCN RLC HQHZQD FJC ON ]HCFHD PLZFHY
LSDH RLOHW LSD HYDZ]S PCH RHLTD N ]HJLOT [QHOH ]HSU]GO PLEGHS RLOHW ]HSLFQD OQ M[F
[DFD ODC HFFHE]] CO PHQ GID RLCH HEGSQN ]HUO FJC ON PL[]HQ FJC PHZQO ][JC GSLFQ
PLNL[Y FJC PHZQO HYDZ]S PC RLONHC RLC HOCH TSL[ LSD DOJ RLONHC HOC RHEN [DFD PLZOHJQ
]O PHQ GH PEGSQ ]HUO
ON OC PL[WT JOLH OK []TC DH]NG ]C []TC GQNJ MQ ZTSLHHFQ GJQ [LCQ [ RHCEG [LW GID
HSZ] GD[G PLSQI H[F RCNQ PGLSQID GOCG PL[WG LQL ]C PLZO ]QCH PHO L[DF PLFHGLG
RLC RNOH ]QCNH RLFN EGHS FJC ON GI ON CO GI O HSQI C[Q GSZ]G G]LG MN RHLN PGO
PHO L[DF PE PG POHNO PG ]QC L[DF PHQ ]QCH PHO L[DF LHG ]ZHOJQ J
[LUD COH PQHZQD PLC[HZ HLG PL[WNG LSD [WO HN[YHG MNO HI C[DTN H[DT CO TH]G RLHYL
CO RSJHL LD[ ODC PQ GZG LZO L[ ]UFO Z[ HGI RN]L MC@ ]HFHEC ]HFHEC J PHQ
GNHT ]UF VTHLD CDHQD UUH >CDKL[G FFY RNH ]HFHEC ]HFHEC PHQ CF RHEND RLC [DT HI CLHZO J
CU[ FQ
HFFE]] CO PHQ [DFD RLC MNO PQYUO PLC[HZH [LUD PLSLHYQ PL[WNG LSD RHLN [LW RDQ[GH
LSD PU CH[ZO COC PLFZGO CO PLC[ PL[WNG LSDH OLCHG ]WTHS C[DT HD]N CDKL[GH CD[GH
COHZ COC [HTLC [DFD RLC L[G PLFZGO CO ][JC GSDH PLFZGO ]JC GSD PLOHNL PEH [LUG
RLC MNOG >GOKD GIG RQID L[G GUHDZ GSZ] GSLC PEH@ HQLFZL PLFZGO HY[L PC PGLOU HOZG
PLC[HZ HOC PLN[NH ]H[LLU OU COC LZO L[O GZ GLG COH ]HFHEC ]HFHEC ]LLU GID MLL
GI [HTLC MLL RLC ]HQHZQ LSD HY[L] GI OUH CZHFD HKD HOCH CZHF FLD
CSQJ[ [QCF GLWHEO GLO LUDLQ HFFHE]] CO LCG ]HFHEC ]HFHEC HU] CO HFFE]] CO
C[Z CQLO RN PC "]Q OU G[HDJ HU] CO
]HUO [HTLCG FO FJ JHC QEC OYI RLKSLW Q[EG JLNHG GLWHEO GLO LUDLQ LCG C[QEG ]OCQ
PHZQ RLC CHG CQOUD C]NQTC C[ZH RSD[FQ COC HSLC PC C]L[HCF [HTLC CHG ]HFHEC ]HFHEC
JUO UQ JFD CDHG GSZ] GFHGL GKQ H[WTD CLLU GFHGL LD[ RN JLNHG [DNH HI RHEN GOCO
GQO O PLDH FL[H]D [CHDQ RNH C]LL[HCFQ GI [HTLC HS]LLEHTD CDKL[G L[DFD UQQ RNH
PC[G RSD[FQ COC HSLC HD]N PLSH[JCG RQ GQN PSQC PLFEQ L[WH GSQVTNG ]KL MNH
JFD PLCDHQ FHUH FJL[WG
]HFHEC HU] CO [QHO Z[ CD DH]NG CQ CLHZG [LW L[ C]CF CHG LNGO GLOHN CQLCH
b j HQN HFHE] CO C[Z CQLO RN PC X[]QH > HFFHE] DH]N RLC L[G@ ]HFHEC
PLFHFE HWTC]L (FEL
ZLFY WS OU PLFHFE
ONN DH]NG RHO [[DO LFN FHQO]G R]HSH CHS ]QG OU ]HEGS]G RLSUQ [DFQ DH]NG LW OU VCH
P]C FJC OCH FJC DC LSD RHLNH PNLZOC GO P]C PLSD DH]NG [QC MN CQ FHUH [WCG
HQL] CO RN PE LHC[H ]HGOC L]H ]H[H] L] RCN L HOLCN ]HFHEC ]HFHEC HU] CO PNO LHC[
CDKL[ PNLZOC GO HFZ PU P]C RHLN ]QO PGLSLU RLD GJ[Z
CLDGH ]HFHEC ]HFHEC RLSUD HFLQUGOH HSLSUQ DH]NG [HZUO [HHJQ GI H[LW RLC D]N CD[GH
KO
]UF VTHL
HFFHE]] RLD GQ HYH[L] OU GZG LZO L[O RSJHL LD[ L[DF MQG HI CLHZ PLSHCEG ]DH]Q
[IJH ]HFHEC ]LLU [HTLCO COH ]QG OU GFLFE [HTCO Z[ CD DH]NG [WC RLLFU COG HFFHE] O
HQN@ GYLYZ RHO FDOQ ][JC ]HUQQ HD RLC HFHE] DH]NO HO GLG [QCH HFFHE] Q LZO L[
PLFHFE HU] CO HD H[FO ]OF GSH HL] GS HFFHE]] D]N RHLNH > CSOLC HFHE DZU FHEL
L][] GSLQ ]UQH PLFHFE
H[WO RLC >OU COD@ FDOD HFE] CO RHO GSHHNG LOHC ZLFY WS OU HFEL DL]N COGH ][JC ]HUQQ RLC D]N GQ
GULYW RHOQ Z[ >G GLQ[L HFFHE]L GSHI ]LDH HQN@ HFFHE]] CO OUW]L RHOD [QHO HO GLG IC LN PLFHFE ]HUQQD
DZU FHEL HQN
[DFD [QCS L[G RL[L]Q OOG ]LDH RL[THC LCQ ]LD GOLOG RS]GH CLHG C[HTLC HCO P]GH
CDKL[ LWU CLG HEGS PHZQ ]SQ O GWHT HI L[GH CQOUD EGSQ HSLCH [HTLC RHO
]HZGO RLC PLFLJL O ]HZHOJQ [CQ PL[THC OOG ]LDH PLJCO ]H[YG RL[L]Q LCQ ]LD CGH
PLC[S HLGL L[G PLD[ HLG HOC ODC HJO RLC PLFLJLG OUH [DFD [HDLYG ZOJS CO [QHO L
FL[H] ]HFHECN
GWHTD CG DH]NG GO OLKG G]OJ]D FQO GNL[Y GDL] ON
[GQO HO GQO ZH]O G]U OHNL PCH M[YSG PHZQD COC HL[DF PFC CLYHL OC MFQOO
LZ[CHHQ Q[ LD[G PD HL[DF CLYHGO
ON ]HLGO PHOG HLOU HSLD[ GQ ]FD PLZLIJQG DZUL PD RLC[ZSG OC[L ]LD ON PLDLLJ
PLQNJ P]CH POHUD [DF PHD ]ZHOJQ PGLSLD GLG] COH ]JC GFHEC OC[LQ OGZH GFU
CSZ [HFG [CW ]HD PDQ[G RHO ]Q[HE ]HU[ GQNH ]ZHOJQG SHU HGQ PLUFHLH PLSHDSH
FL VF
[LQJGO RN ON OZGO HOLWCH CD[ P]C[HGD PL[JC HUH PG HU HUH HU [QC RSJHL LD[H
CDKL[
PHQ HU CO LZO L[ [QC LW OU VC HU CO [QCF RCQF KQ OHZ ]D PFHZ CQLOLC
CD[ LWU OOG ]LD LSWQ HJFSH ]HUO CO LCQ ]LD HC[ GQ GZQ ]HFHEC ]HFHEC ]LLU [HTLC
]JC GUFO HQLNTL FU HS]LH HCL ML[Y GLGH P]UHQ FESN G[H] [HTLCD HOZL [WC LC L[GH
CDKL[H FL[H] LWU HQDLL COH HYOJL POHN PLNTGO HONHL CO PCH [LQJGO HC OZGO
Q