D[ O H]HWL[JH HJHQ FHFLJ OFHE COHU GC[N RNOH ODD ]H[LW ONQ PLJDHQH PLZH]Q HLG
HQLONGO RHHLN DJ CSHSQG D[ POHC H]HWL[J OFHE OU COW]GO RLC MNOH PQ CD [QC CSHSQG
RN PC HULE[GH C[GS PHWO HO [QCH DLGL LNLG C]OEOE VTN HO [QCH [IJ MN PHQH VLTNC RN OUH
ONG RLU PL[LCQH PLZH]QG ]H[LWG ]C PQ ONHCH CLSW[GD HDHQ Z[H P FOHS LN [IQQ HSLC
LSD LN PLCLZD []HL OC[L X[C LSDH []HL PLOWOHWQ HLG ODD LSD OIJ L[DFQ UFHS PUK H]HCQ@
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CN RGNG
L[DFD PLSHLU C[GQ ]HFEC LHFJD U PLIQ[H PLH[LW
OHCO OLICH [FSELQ CKHI CDZH CD[ CDZ
QU ZFY [DHF [WTD RLSUG OND UUH MOLCH JLZ QU LH[KS[C J[O PSHODH OIJ
LS Z[W
PHDLO PLLQUW GOWS GOLWSD GLS [WO GLG OHNL RLCHSD GLS GLS LCQ COC DU
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X[W HSD[H P[GQ TH] UUH C[GQ >PDLO ]JCH OUDO ]JC PLQUW L]
P L[WFN RLCHLSO GSHC[ GLSDH GOLWSO GSHC[ ]HUQQ ]JCD ]HNHQT ]HLSQ L] O ROGO HSLYQ RLHYL
GOLWSO GLS H GSHC[ RGL]D H[WH GT[EG HSL P TH]G MC
PLNL[YH HI G[FEGD PLOHON PL[DF LS L[ L[DF [HCDD CDKL[G [LW GOJSD PLFJHLQ HFJL
]JC GOJS PGLS PL[HLH >PCG RQ PLJC CLYHGO@ GI ]C GI PL[HL HFJL DJGO LFN PGLS ]C
]C PG[DC PU [HL R[G RD KHO RHEN ]JC GOJS PL[HL PLQUWO LW OU VC DCG LJC CLYHGO@
J[] ]C [HL KHO RLC LJ R[GNH GCD CLG HLDC R[G LU H]H[L RHLN QQ ]Q R[G PC J[] ]OJS
>]JC GOJS PG[DC PU [HL HD C[HZ LSC RLC
DCG RQ PLJCGH GHHGD [DFO DH]NG M[F LN KWG ZQHU LW OU G[FG [LW CY] GQNJ MQ [WTD
GIH GI KDD HSNQ GI ]HLGO OHNL PCG RQ PLJC RN CO HLFJL OLE[N PLDHL FJC KDQ PG
HLFJL PSLCH [JC KDD
L[IU LDC JO ]HC DD PL[HU XDHZ U CD[GH L[ L[DFD QHQ
KHOQ GHJC GHJC VOLOH ]HL[UQ GHJC GHJC VOLOH DZUL LSDQ GHJC GHJC VLOL
C[QED HSLYQ RN LW OU VC FHUH HT PLJTW HD[Q GODZ RN PC COC HQYUQ GH G[IE RF PFC RLC PEG
GID CYHLNH RCNQ COH RCNQ GHSFQO GQO ]QLHTQ GHG[IE OU GZQ ]HD[ PLQUW
Z[ H[TQS PLQUW COC COQ RWHCD H[TQS CO ]HH]H[IE PLSHC[G L[DF LW OU CHG [DFG [DTGH
[FSG RLFG [TQS PLQUW G[H]D ]HDH]N HOOG ]HDL]G RNLG H[TQS COH H[FS RGQ RQYU ]HDL]G
]HGI ]HDL] HOCQ [TQS CO MC FQOQGH FQOG ]HL[W ]HUHFLH RLFG UHFL LH GQYU G[FG COH
GHJC ][FD ]H[JC ]HLH[WC OHOO RCN C[QEG GCD RNOH RLFG ]C H[FS ]HQHZQG P]HCD
]LFHQO] YSCD RLSUG KH[LW GC[H GH G[IED [FLGO GCD GDL] G]HC Z[ GODZD HUFL RCN L[LCQG [LW RN GHJC
MHQTD UUH D[ LWQ G]ODZ GH G[IE M[U
DS
IL VF ]HQDL
D]NQO GLO GHGFQ LSWQ LLHSWC LLCO LSWQ CO CQL] LNH KHOQ GHJC GHJC VOLO CSLQC GHG
MNO LN GSWHQ HSLC KHOF PLJC ]QCG LWO ODC [QHO ]UFG OU GOHU GLG MN PLJC DL]NH PLU[
HQN GSWHQ DZUL LSDF PLJC Z[H RL[FGSTD H[QC HQN PLSDN PG L[G PLSD LSD PHQ PLJC [QCS
[LCQ ]LDH CDKL[UH C[GQ KHOQ COH PQ GHG[IE HFQO MNO OLUO H[QC
COH GFHGL D[ L[DFN FDO HFJL Q PLFQO RLC CD[QH GFHGL D[Q LZHWCO C]HNL[Y G]U GHU FHQO]G [WO D]N CD[GH
O[GQO GQO ]QNJ UH PGLSQ COC CD[N FDO PLJC Q
" PLU[ [QHO HO GLG COH DH]NG [QC QQ PLJC COGH HI GCSWG O GDLK LGQ RDQ[G GZG
LN [QCS GQ OOND PG L[G DH]ND PLJC HC[ZS P]HC ON COC QQ GCSWGO GSHHNG RLC [LWH
CO CQL] LNH PLQDLLQ DCG LJC V C KHOQ FHQOO ]UFG OU GOU MN PHQH HFJL PLJC HDL
PL[DJO CLG GSHHNG PLJC PLSC KHOD [QCS GQH FJC DC LSD COC PLJC PLLH[Z RLC LSWQ
OU MOQG FLHF PZLH LJC LO L]]S [C GOCG PL[UG GQ MLJC [H PLDH]N GQND HSLYQ HQN
G[IEO H]HSWGO GSLQ UQ PLJC D]NH PLU[ DH]NO HO GLG RN PC LQUH LJC LSHUQ [QCLH HLOE[
HFJL DH]NO M[YHG MNO RLQDLLQH PLJC OOND DCG LJC VC FQOO GH
OON RHO[H]L RCN RLC PYUD LN PLSDN PG L[G PLSD LSD PHQ PLJC D]N OSG C[GQG L[DFO M[HY RLC ILWO
COHO@ PHDLD DH]NG OOND POHN GHG[IED ONG OLONGOQ USHQ GI RLC []HLQ HSLC KHOFH []HLQ DZUL LSDF PLJC LWUCH
COC GH G[IE RF PFC RLC COG OLUOF CLHZG ]DHLQ GI LWOH PLJC ]HUQQ OU C]OQ LHOLE COC GI RLC [WCH > HFJL
HD[Q GODLZ RN PC
CSQJ[ CO] GOJSD PHDL L]L] CNLGQ CGH CNL[Y CQCDH CDCD LFJLLQF FU CSLQC GHG
LHO] [DFG [D]TQ HLJC ]C OJHS PDLGH OLCHG [WQ L[ "PCG RQ COH DCG RQ GOJSH
HFJL Q H[FO ML[Y GQO RN PC GI H[LW OU GZG RDQ[GH GOJS RLFN PCG RQ COH DCGQ GHJCD
GOJSGH HLJC LTNS [HL PDLG Z[ FHQOO RLC PQ COC RN C[QED HZG CO G]U FU UHFQ PE
CDKL[G P NQNH Q ROGO C[QED H[QC M[FNH GH[L LSLFD J[NGD LHO] HSLC PHDLG ODC PHDLD GLHO]
PDLL PC [QCS PCG RQ HLJCD VC GNI PDLL RHLN COC PDLG PU PLZOHJ DCG RQ PLJCG RLC PNH
GH[LD GNI
][FH HFJL DH]N MNQ HQYU C[ZQ H]HCQ CLG CLHZG CDKL[GH CD[G HKZS RNH RDQ[G [LWH
PCG RQH DCG RQ PLJC RLC COG VTHS C[ZQ MO GQO GI ]C GI PL[HL [QHON GOJSD PLFJHLQG
DCG RQ PLJCQ []HL GOJSD PLFJHLQ
GZLI T[KSHZ VHTD JQ [HC [WTD UU
RHUQ [EG CHG HSLD[ ]LDO HOOG PL[HKG D]HN TSNS G[U PL] GUD FJC V[HJ OLOD
PLWU[ THW] ZHQU RLSU GILCD UHZ CHGN MOLCH GSC DDH]TQ CHG L]HC[D OYI WCZ
HLNU ]CD DHK LD LE[G [DN HSLD[ ODC UL[WGO CO LFND ]CYOH ZQJ]GO L]ZD
GOQG H[LW COC ]HFQHO GYH[ LSLC " LGQ GZLI GOQ O H[LW LO [HQC LOC GSW
GS PLLQJ H]SHGN L[JC GCD HI GOC RLQDL ]ZLI LSLSUD [HUL FLEGO ML[Y GLG ][JQO
GZLI LSLSUD FL D]ND LZSU T[KSHZ H[HDLJ L[JCH GDLL C[ [H]D []HLH
ES
PLLJ [HZQ O GD[ RLHO LD[EO PL[FS G[H] L[HU ]QFZG MH]Q
]UF VTHL
JL VF
GQDLG PC ZHOLJ RLC GZLI L [QHCG ]UFO C[QED [CHDQ GUZW CO LFND GZLIF RO UQQ CZ
>G]HJC FDOQ@ GCG ]HDH[Z ]HLC O [ZD HQNH PDLG OU ]H[HTC GL]HDH[Z POHUO G]Q HC GLJ
POHUO OUDG OU ]H[HTC
L[GH GL]HDH[Z CLO RL[]HQ HLJC H]QDLO XOHJG EN Q GSQD ]HQHZQ GQND [CHDQ GSG MC
GL]HDH[ZD [TCGO PLNL[Y HLG G[HCNO RN PCH GI GO XOJ PFHZ PHDLO PGO PE GZHZI G]LG CLG
OU VC >G[E]S H]C HOLWC GLLJD ][TCS H]C ]HJC RLFN GLJ CLG FHU ON G]HJCDH@ POHUO
HOLCN FJCO GYOJ [JCO LN G]LQQ GWLFU GYLOJ RCNQ PLCH[ GZLIG ]C ]UZWQ G]YLOJ RN LW
RNH U[WQO GZLIG ][ZHU GYLOJG PLSHC[ FHUH EN VFD L[ D]N HQNH POHUO PLJCG [CO GZHZI G]LG CO
GL]HDH[ZD PLJCG [C PL[]HQ FJC JC ]YLOJ [JCO RLFG PUK [WO L[LCQG RCN D]N
U[WQO [DFG [[DHG FJCG ]YLOJ LFL OU PL[DF O PKHWN [WO RLC LSWQ [DTG RHUK GI [DF
DLLJQG L OLUO LZO L[ ]KLO JHS GLG GI [DTG RLJCG [CO COH XOHJO COC GZHZI G]LG CO
PL[[DQ PHDLG HC GYLOJG >LQOH[LG [DTG LWN@ H]KLOH ][N D RGLJC ]YHOJ OU HCD PLJCG ]C
ODC PLSD HO L JC ]CN ][N [HTLCD GLOU PLFQHU RNOH PL[JCG PLJCO OON GZHZI G]LG CO
PG PE HOLCN RLJCF HGLL]HJLO N ]DJS FJCG JCG ]YLOJ GNOGO H]HQN ZTWS RSJHL LD[O
JC ]C O ][N [HTLC []HG [DN HQYU XHOJG OU RLC PN RLJCG OU ][N [HTLC RLC GO HYOJ
GZHZI G]LG RHLN GOCG ][IHJ GI LWO ]QCG LWO ]FQHUH ]QLLZ PLJC ONO G]ZLI H]KLO L[G
"GYLOJ [JCO GL]HDH[Z PLJCO H[]HL MLC GZLI L H PLJCG ONO
FU MC RLJCG ONQ GZLIG ]C U[WQO ][ZHU RNC GYLOJG HI M[FD PL[DFG ]C H[W PLSH[JC PLQNJ
COC GZLI G]LG CO U [ W Q O ] [ [ D Q GYLOJG RLC ]QCF CDLOC GZLI G]LG GU G]HCO
U[WQO G][ZHU
RHLN G]YLOJ [JCO PLOKD PLJCG PU GO GLG [ZG PYUQ PLUDHSG PLSLF P]HC ON RN LSWQ
PLUDHS PLSLFG RLSUO RN RLC GQ OON POHUD GLG CO HOLCN H[ZLUQ [Z H]HC ]C G[ZU GYLOJG
G]HLG ]UD OUHWD HEGS PLSLFG RQH GO ]LUQG GEGSGGQ HSLLGF [Z H]HC O ]HCYH]GQ
H]UD ]HUKD GLG ONG [[DHG CO GYLOJG [JC PE LN PLOKD PSLC GZHZI
GSLC MFLCQ U[WQO GZLIG ]C G[ZU GYLOJG LN GL]HDH[ZD PLJCG PL[]HQ FJCG FYG RQ MNOG
LN VCH OUHWD JC ]C [HTLC UZW [DN GZHZI G]HLG ]UD RHLN ][N [HTLCD PLJCG OU G[HTC
GZHZI G]LGN OKD [DN JC ]C [HTLCG PHZQ ONQ GZLI G]HC U[WQO GUZW HLNU
PE CHG PLLZ PHDL ]ZLI ][LZUD FJHLQ HFLJ HSLC CDGOH RCNQ U[WQO G[LZU O GI EHQ@
GSKZ RHCLQ PNJG ][]G LU [FSG ][LZUD RHEN PLSH PLCHSD PLSH[JCG HSL]HD[ ]UFO
LZTDHIH[ [EG L[HUL IN ROGO HL]HSHLOEDH IL DZUL ]HOLGZ G[UGD DU LL ]LD I GQ L[QC LWU >FHUH GOUDD
FHUH EN VFO
[HTCO GDLT GHGQ HSLC [DUD GZHZI G]LG GQH CDGOH RCNQ COC OON U[WQO ][ZUS GZLIG RLC [WO PHZQ GLG FHU
GZLIG RLC G]LQ [JCO POHCH >DDL ]H[UG XDHZ U ]HLC [ZQ GZLI GSH GIDH@ ]UN GZHZI CLG GQ Z[ COC GL]HDH[Z
GZLIG ]HQHZQ GQNQ JLNHGO D]N JL DZUL ]HOGZD POHCH [ZG ]C G[L]Q GYLOJ NCQ H]QDL CLG RLLFUH PYUD ]UZWS
CW PLJTWD CDHQD UUH LG [L L[U HK R[GC [ ]SQD ]HNL[CD UUH U[WQO ]UZWHQ
FS