[EQG GTSNH ]L[NSLHSG HLJC ]Q MN [JCH GOLJ]D [LE PC H]C ]C ]HLJC LOUDQ FJC [LE F
CO GOLWSG ]UD L[G LLOG JCG LFL OU ]QDL]Q H]C ]HUFG ONO ]QH TSNH ]Q [LE ]QH
GC]HJC ][Y ]L[NSG HI G]LG
]QH TSNH [LE ]Q ]L[NSG ]C TSNH H]C ]C GI [LE NJCH ]L[NSO LHSG HLJC ]Q GOLJ]D PCH
]HJCO GZLID G[Y G]LG PHQ LLOG OU G[HTC HI H]C PLJC LSD HOLWC GZLI L [QCF RCQO
]QDL]Q GZLI RLC [QCF RCQOH >RQJS D[N COFH HS]SQQ LC D[ ZLLF RNH@ G[E]S PFHZ H]C
[LE RHLN ]OWQ G]LQ [DHTG CD[O [CHDQ [LE COD ]Q LKHUQO CLG HI GF DU L[Q
GUZ C[EGD TSN CO RLD TSN RLD@ GZLI L LWUC H]]LQD PDLL]GO ]L[NSG ][]HQ
]QCG LWO RN]LH@ GNOGO RN HZTW LH >PLOLWQ RLCHLS [DHTG@ LC D[N COFH >JLZT
EGD FDC[G ]UFD GNH QQ C[EGDH PLSHC[D CDHQ FDC[ LWU >MNO PLNTQ LC D[ VC
CD[H
HC HNH PDQ[U [LE CO HKC G[IE PHQ PC [HTCO C[GH PDQ[G VL[G ]UF HOLCH
LWO PL[QHC L C[H VL[U GZLID GH[U ][Y PHQ GSHC[ GOLWSD HLOU G[TCS PHQ
COC [LE COO [LE RLD RLCHLSD [HIEO PHZQ RLC ][]HQ ]L[NSG TSN PC RHC[G PUKG
DH JD PLSHC[ LWU GOLWSD G[TCS [DN LSWQ G[HTC LSG PUKG LWO ODC FDOD GZLID
[[DHG CO L[G TSN CO ODC TSN PC Z [ G[HTC CL LSG PUKG LWO GD[FCH JZT GUZ
]HLJCG LOUDQ ]JC ONO ][]HQ G]LG HQN PDLL]GO ]L[NSG ][]HQ MNOG H]ZHZI G]LG
PFHZQ [LE ODC [LE PFHZ TSN PC Z[ TSND ][THCG GUF GSLH SZ CD[ LWU PLLJD HLGN
CDKL[D GCDHG HI GUF GH[U ][Y HI G]LG CO HLOC GZHZI ]L[NSG G]LG [[LDH GTSN GUD ][]HQ
LH GI[ U TSN CO RLD TSN RLD PL[THC LH L[LCQDH
[EQG ]QH GSHC[G H]C ]C [LE MN [JCH H]C ]C ]HLJC LOUDQ FJC TSNH ]L[NSO LHSG ]Q
]L[NSG G[HTC >HS]SQ ]C GLQ[L LD[ [LW MNH@ RLOLWQ RLCHLS [QCF RCQO ]QH [LEH TSN ]Q
[QCF RCQOH GOUD LLJD ]JC GU H]C ]HJC ][Y G]LGH [JCQ GZLI RLC KHZSS PC HOLWC PDL]GO
>OSNH GZLI L HOLWC L[WOH GZLI RLC PC WNU@ ][]HQ H]C RLCHLS COH ]OWQ G]LQ
CO O PLWF
"ZWTQ RLH[E HC RLHFZ RGD HLG [CN RLFG GQ GYLOJG RQH PHDLG RQ RGL]H[Y ]H[KHWG PLS HK KQ
GH[U]H[Y RG CQ ]HQDL]Q COH ]HYOHJ RGL]H[Y ZWTQ RLH[E HC RLHFZ RGD HLG PLS HK R]HC
GH[U]H[Y RSLC CQ
ZJ[QD PLD[G ]H[D HFQU RHEN GO DH[Z ZWT HO DH[Z ZWT RLHFZ GO Z[I RLHFZ ZWT FYLN
CDKL[H CD[D [JC RWHC UH L[ LWU HL]HQC FD ZWT GL]HQC FO TSNS ZWT ]HQC GSHQ
LSWQ ]QDL]Q ]JC PLFU ]N LFL OU ZWTD [QHO FY C[QED HOUG TH]G H[LWO
RHLN RSD[FQ G[HTC PLFU L]LN L]D Z[H MWGO UFHHL FU PDLO []G ]ZIJD CLG ]FQHU
RWHC OND COC ]QCG LWO ]QLLZ GSLC HI C[DT POHCH GH[U][Y CLG PL[QHC PLFU LS
O[GQ ZTW RNH GQ[G PD PJH[L HSD[ D]N RNH ]YOHJ
G[TCO RLCH ZHO []G ]ZIJD G[YG ]FQHU LSWQ ]YOHJ GSLC [QC GD[ RLH[LED [NISG RWHCN
GYZ
]UF VTHL
CYQSH ]QDL]Q [QHO HCHDL CQ RLHFZ ZWTD HU HQN GYLOJ GNL[YGOH [LQJGO HY[ COH@ ZWTQ
PL[DHTH PLZOHJ CD[H LLDCH >[HQCN GH[U][Y ]ZIJD GFLQUGO L RLFG RQ L[G GH[U][Y PDLLQ
>CDKL[ LLDCO GFHGH HD [IJ GD[ VCH@ ]YOHJ
GD[O HKZS TH]G G[YG ]C TSN MN [JCH RLH[LEZWTD GH[UG ]C GOLJ] [LE [CN C
G[E]S CO GZIJD GH[UG ]C PLFLQUQ RHLN []G ]ZIJ OU G[YG ]C PLFLQUQ HID PE
>KT KHL ESHU UH JIG C]]UQ D LWU G][YO GOLUHQ GH[UG ]ZIJH@
]ZIJ RLC H]KL GC[S@ GZIJ OU FLQUGO MLL RLC GI RWHCD [DHTH ZOHJ RDQ[GH
>CLG CJ OHDI ]LD N GKLJ LSLF GSLD L[QC DZUL [L LWU G[YG RLSUO PHON GOLUHQ GH[UG
]OWQ G]LQ [QCF RCQNH ZWTD GH[UG ]C [LE MN [JCH G[YG ]C TSNN CLEHTD [DHFQH
RLCHLSG ]UD [DN G[KWS L[G ]QDL]Q G[YG RLC RLOLWQ RLCHLS [QHCG ]UFO ODC
EL OLUOFN
PDQ[ C[ VL[ ]YOHJ GO DH[Z ZWT HO DH[Z ZWT RLH[LED VC CD[H LLDCN GNOG D
WH DNH PHDL
PLFLQUQ RLC ]YOHJ GD[O HOLWC GO DH[Z PL[QHC PLFU L]LN L]H HO DH[Z PL[QHC PLFU L]LN L]
PLQNJ COC GZIJ OU PLFLQUQ G[H]GQ HC C]L[HCF CZLWT L[]H L[] LN GI RWHCD GZIJ OU G]HC
CDKL[U HO GFHGH [IJ GD[ PE OLH LLDC ZLTG RN HFLQUGO CO HD H[LQJG
PDL[ HFL ]QL]J Z[ HOLWC HFL D]ND DH]N RHEN HGHOTW PLQNJ COC RLFG [ZLUQ [N CHG KE
L[G ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ G][Y FJC FU HLOU PH]J KE HC RQI HD RLC KE HC PLFU HLOU RLCH
C[QHJO GH[U ][YN ]LSHFLS CLG RSD[FQH GH[U][Y GSLCH [N KEG G[H] RLFQ
RQI HSZ] CO LSWQ ZOJ CD[H ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ PLSWHCG P]HCD RLHFZD RLFG CHG KZS LLDC
RLHFLZ L[KD
G[LTQ LFU COO HFL D]ND DH]NG RLHFZ [KD PLSHC[G HZOJSH WH VL[ GNOG RNH
[N CHG KEQ GSHH@ PLSQ ]HJW GH[UD [DF RLC OON ]FHZQ GSLC CD[G ]UFO
PL[DHTH PLZOHJ LH >PL[JCO DJ HSLC LSWQ HC R]SH D]NH PHQ GI RWHCD C]L[HCFQ
[K D]N C[GH LHQSH CDKL[ RDQ[G PD EW RLHFZ R[U C]L[HCFQ PL[N RLHFZG
GYLOJ COD ]CYHL G][Y H]KLO UQQH [N PLFU HLOU RLCH HFL D]ND DH]NG RLHFZ
OCHQ ]LDD NHQN L][N GQL]J LFU [QCF RCQN HSLLGH OCS]S RD[ZD D]N RN G[LTQ LFU COD VC@
COD RLHFZ [K [LNG CO C[G VC GC[S O[GQ L[DFQ POHCH FDO ZZHJQ ]ZOJDH
ZTW RNH ]QDL]Q COH ]YOHJ HL[DFOH [DFD ZWHTQ GLG L[H >G[LTQ LFU LN COC PLFU
]YOHJ O[GQ ZTW RNH ZWTQ ]FHZQ FDO CQ[G
CO VF
"]JC ]N LFL OU ZWTO HI ]C HI ]HLJNQG PLFU L]LN L] LFL OU CDG ZWT RLD ZHOLJ L PCG C S
"RLHFZ L[KD RLFG GQH PLFDU L[KDH RLKED RQI HSZ] GQ LSWQ D
]QFHZG H]ZIJ OU [DFG PLFLQUQ RLCH C]L[HCF CZWT L[]H L[] VTHL D[H GD[ GOLJ]D H[QC GQ LWO C
H]ZIJ OU [DFG PLFLQUQ ]JC ]ND CD ZWT ODC
HYZ
]HQDL ]NTQ PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
[DHTH ZOHJ CD[GH ][JC [QHC FJC FUH MN [QHC FJC FU ]JC ]N [WQ L[
PC PLZWHTQ PLFUG J[ H[LWN [LWH RSD[FQ CO VC OON ZWT [DFD RLC GI RWHCD
RLH[LE RLHFZ ]HFU RCN RLC GI RWHCD PL[DHT PLZTHWG RQ L POHCH GO HC HO DH[Z
]WH KZT O OCHQ ]LD U HLG CO LQNH OON
]HUZ[Z ]ZIJ RLSUO LC D[ G[HG HQNH GZIJ OU PLFLQUQ L[]H L[]D VC CQ C[QED MN OU HZGH
COHZO GZIJG OU FLQUGO CO G[H] L[HTLCD H[LQJG RSD[FQ Z[H
JZLW CHGN PL[QHC PLS RHEN L[]H L[] O RHQQ ZWTD ]WTHS C]HZWS [DFD L CLEHTD UQQH
HLOUD ]ZIJ OU RHQQG PLFLQUQ RLC C]L[HCF CZWT PC [NQ GKH CHGN PL[QHC PLSH [NQ
PLFLQUQ RSD[F CZWT PCH PLSHC[G
D]N LQ LH@ ZIJHQG FLD ][CS UZ[ZG PL[QHC L C]L[HCF CZWT L[]H L[] FYG LWO C
ZWTD GOLUHQ GSLC CQOUD GTLW] ODC HO G[NQS L[G ]H[D JZHOG F[L GI RHEND CZHF
PLZOTQ HZHOJL [QHO PLFFYQ LH >JI ]HZWTG T[KSHZ U CQZ C[Q ]ZIJ FESN C]L[HCF
N ]HDH]N CZU[ LWU JZHOG ]HZIJHQ ]C PE
NLWUC C]L[HCF CZWT L[]H L[] ]HKZHSG ]HUF LWO UQQ L[LCQGH CDKL[G L[DFQ
L[]H L[] CLK [DF GUQQ GLC[ RLCH@ PLSHC[G HLOUD ]ZIJD RHQQG PL[LCQ RHQQD
>RSD[F CZWT
H]ZIJ OU [DFG PLFLQUQ G[H]G RQH RSD[F CZLWT L[]H L[] PLZTHWG DH[ ]UF GNOGO D
GQN HKZS RNH O[ GDH] IHC J[ L[LCQH C[ CDKL[ DO DDH HN ]HDH]NH HT RLHFZDH RCN TH]U
PLZTHW LH PLZTHWG DH[ ]UFD INZT FO PLQH]GH JNZ C FJ IDF[G NNH PDQ[G ]UFD PL[WQ
CDKL[DH RCN L[LCQD G[NIHG HI GUF G[H] RLFQ GZIJG OU PLFLQUQ RLCH C]L[HCF CZWT L[]H L[]
H QD LHQSH RDQ[GH P FL[H]G NNH DN ]HDH]N R[H P RLHFZ
RQI HSZ] [QHC LQ L [N FOHG ]CLS PC MC RQI HD RLC KE HOTWH RLKED RQI PLQNJ HSZ] D
EHOQ LTNSQ OUDG ONC ]H[LW ON MOLCH GU G]HCQ KEG ]DL]N ML[C] UFLO LFN ]H[LW PHQ
GH[E G]LG [QHO G]SLI H]C OU GWJL CO LFN RQI HSZ] [QHC LQ LH H]H[EO [LIJGO DLLJ
RNO PFHZQ
UFLO RQI HD HSZ] CO RLSZ [K ODC [H[J [K TH]O RLSZ [K L[WO FDU O [KD RNH
OC[LO GOUDS GJW HC OC[L ]D OU CD PLQUW PHQ HC HLSLSZH HL]H[LW OU PLOUDG HGLQ
RDQ[ H[[J]S L]Q UFLO RQIG PLD]HN PU[I OU ]HWJO HCHDL CO LFNH
[KD RQI HSZ] CO VTHS PUK GTH[CD ]H[LW OUDO RLC L[G RQI DH]NO HSZ] CO RLHFZ [KD
L[G LHWLJ RLSUO RQIG ]DL]ND GSZ] RLC PEH [KD COH VTND PLUS RLHFZG DH[ PHQ RLHFZ
RQIG HZJQO CLG GC[L KED NCQ@ GQYU OLYGO LFN RQIG ]C ZHJQ] COG GOYC [KG HJLSL PC
[KG HJLSL PCH > TH]H L[U G]UF LWO WNU GQYUO U[] HSZJQ] PCH G]DHJO COH G]OYGO D]NS
PD]N LWQ COH PGLWQ [KG LW OU FLUGO PLOHNL PSLC COG PLFUG OYC
>KED HQN RQI HSZ] RLHFZ [KD PE G[HCNO UQQ LLDC L[DFQ@
IYZ