]C GSQ PLCOKD PFZWLH OHCD DH]NN GHYQ [DFO HOLWC OC[L ]C ]HSQO [HTC ZJYL LD[ [QC
GOLJ]D PLCOKG HSQSH MOQG ]CQ GOK OKS FJCH FJC ON [JC [DF LFL OU GQJOQO P]CYD OC[L
PLCOKD PCSQH [LUG [HDYG OU TS[W GSQ]SQH ZIDD PLT[J L[DD PCSQ
[C PHLG OHJN OC[L LSD [WTQ GLGH [QCS HCO D [DHU OC[L ]C GSHQG ON [IUOC LD[ [QC
[WTL COH FQL CO [QCS RLHCO LSD [DHU [QC ZJYL [D RQJS D[ FQL CO
MN OD PUG VELS OC[L ]C ]HSQO ]THGN MOQG FHF LQL VHTDH
P]HOEOHEO HSQS COH RLSQO PGL]HUDYC HCLYHG FZQD PLSGNG GI [HTLC PHQH
FHF LQLD VES GLG RNOH [JC [DF LFL OU HOLWC ]HSQO [HTC GHYQ [DFO CO FL[G D]N C
]HSQO RLC FN DOCHQ ZF[G D]N GI RLUNH GHYQ [DF M[HYO CHGG RLSQG GLG CO LSWQ
D]N C] RDQ[G POHCH FHF LQLD GWEQG GCD RN OUH [JC [DF LFL OU HOLWC M[HYO CO
[LQJGO CQOUF RLLEHTH [DFQD L[ RDQ[D UUH [JC [DF LFL OU HSQ CO PHQ GLG CKJG
N HJ LHOG KD LWU
[HTLC RLC D]N [DFQD EDO[G ]HQL[ LW OU HC D]NG LFL OU G[LWT D
ZTW RNH [HTC [WHTP]JG HLDC PD ZL]UG HZ FHL [WHT D]N ]HD POHCH [DFQD
N HJ LHOG KD ]HD
GULHG RHEN ZHTW ][LQC LFL OU COC PLSCG ]HSQO RLC G[U RLSQ L PC UFLO PLYH[N E
GS FJL[WG D]N RNH PLSHC[ RHCE ]DH] LWU MQU ]C
ONQ FJC FOLH GO HC PLS O ]H[HD P]FQUG LFL OU PLFLQO] ]HSQO [L]GO RLC F
OU ]HJNHS CFHO L COC PLJNHS POHN PC UFH]Q MNDH PLS FJC [WTQ IL[NQ G[H
FO CJ LHOG KD ]HQ ]C[ZG LFL
M[HYO PLSH]S [HTQO [L]GO FFY N HJ LHOG KD ]HD OC[LD RLTONHC FZWQ ]HFHC G
HFQUL LC[G F[QD LW OU VCH@ RHOCD RN [WLH ]HSQLGO CO MC FDOD GZLKTLKKT
DHK GI ONQ USQGO [WC PCH LOYC [H[D HSLCH LOHCH LCG LOHN GID PEH >[WTQG OU
[]HL
COG MC PGLSLD GF[WG PLHU VHTDO PC PE@ FJCN PL[NSH PLFHGL OOHN RLSQG PC POHCH
FHJLLD []GO GID HFFY >PLFHGL PSLC ]QCDH PLSHQG OYC PLFHGLN PLQH[ PLSC GD[G
QU GSHL GOU GO KJ LHOG KD ]HD U PLSHOCG OU ]HWSG [WTQ ]C PLD]HN RLC [CN
L[ DLYSO PE UH
OYI MDY[Q L[EGH LZTDLSZ LL[EG LD]NQ KOZ
N PLJDID [CD]S [ZDD DH FZO ML[Y PCG GOLOD HLOE[H HLFL FLZ RGN
EN DN PLWF
"PNJ FLQO]OH [HDLYG OU GSHQQG TS[WO ]HN[YSG CLEHTD H[NIHG ]HSHN] HOC C IO
"]H[HTCG G[LKSH GQLZS RG HOC D
PLY[ O GWHZ RN PC COC [HDLYG OU TS[W PLFLQUQ RLC ZFYHGL RD RHUQ LD[ PHQ RSJHL LD[ [QC C
ML[HJCO [HIJ HO PL[QHC HLOU H]UF JHI] PC HL[HJCQ HO GLHO] L[ GJWQ LWHF
GJWQ LWHF PH HD GLG CO LSWQ OHC ]LD ]HNOQ GNQS CO OCHQ [QC GFHGL D[ [QC RNH
L[ GLDCHQG ]H[Q CD FHFO FHELSD
JW[
CQHL ]NTQ PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
L[JG H]HNOQ ]OLJ]D HFHDN OU OJQ LSWQ OHC SUS GQ LSWQ D[ [QC GFHGL D[ [QC FHU
L[ MHOQO LCFN HSLC HQYU OU GOLEH HGHILD OULOD LSDO
FLQO] HSLC JSN [KHSH PZHS HSLC PNJ FLQO] ON ZFYHGL RD RHUQ LD[ PHQ RSJHL LD[ [QCH
CHG JD LW OU VC VHEG [UY HGH[ULY PC COC G[H]GQ [HTC GI RHQQ LSLSUD CO H[WH PNJ
KWQG PHLZD H]QZS PHZSO [JC PFC CD PCH HDOQ [DFG [LTQ HSLC DLQ HSLCH Z]H CHGN HO
HFLD GJQL COH ZH]L
HSLC [LW C[GQH FHUH L[LCQ CDKL[ U PHZQO HSHDOU JLSQ PL[WQ LH L[W RN
DZU HQN@ RKZ [DFD HLSUGO HDOD [DFG [QH Z[ HO HU GFLQ G]HCD GW[J HO DLQ
CLQF LOLQ RLD PLZOJQ LH >PFCD [QCSG C[ MWHL ]QHUO JSG ]WLSD [QCSG
LQ LH PDQ[G RD PG[DC LD[ CDKL[ LWU [HTC CQOUF LOLQ RLDH [HKLOH PHZLO ML[Y
PD HW[KQ GCSG HO RLC JSN ]HZL]QH GCSG ]HJ]D GHHOQ GSLC H]QZS [LW
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OHJQ HFHDN PC HFHDN OU OJQ D[G ]HFHC PLQNJG ]ZHOJQD HI GOC ]HO]O D]N LQ LH
]W LWU >HFHDND OIOLI PEG GDLJD HOCHO DLG GUQD OOGO CO ]DD HSLYQ L[G@
OHJQ HFHDN CLG ]] PDQ[G ZTWH ]QC
]FQ LGHIH HO OHJQO GHYQ []TD HGHILD HC HGHW[J PC ELI G[H] FHQO] PDQ[G ZTWH
LSWQ SUS OJQ PCH HFHDN OU OHJQO PNJ FLQO]O [HTC CLTG[WD ODC PLSHC[ PLFLTJ
PLZTHW [C HD]N RNH GOLJQ HSQQ ZDL FU JSN [DFG [KHSH PZHS COC G[H] RHLID
]H FW CJ CD[G ]H IL G[ R[ U G[H]G FHDND OHIOI PHQ HSHLID OU OHJQO HO [HTC
N[ DL[G
HLUW ON OU HO PL[LDUQ HL]HFQ OU [LDUQG ON OJQL GOLJQ HSQQ PLZDQNH
LSLC HO [QC MQHF[Z LSOLCG HO [QC [JQO HCO HO [QC MOEQ LSOLCG HO [QC GQLZS LGHILC D
LS]OCG CO M[FN MOLCQ
LS]OCG CO M]HQN LSLC MOLG HO [QC G[LKS LGHILC
[KHS HSLC PC CTLE MFLCOH@ G[LQCD CZHF HCOH [K] COD PL[DHU DOD G[LKSG OU PE C
]HUF OG GSKZG FL [DHU HSLC HD RLUG ]H[Y OU GJNH] M[FD HO [QHC COC HDOD GDLC
[DHU HLWD RN [QHC HSLC PEG GOG HO OLCG CO LSWQ HOLCGOQ USQS PC RNH >I
FDC[G NNH FHUH MHSLJG [WT GSHL HSD[ LWU RLHCOO GJL]W PLLJ XWJ GF FTJ ]DGC LWU PZ] COD
FS HJ LGZ L[C ][HDE UUH PLHFZ PLSGN ][H]O HH[LWD
F RLN[U DZUL ]HOGZ [HK] CO PHQ PE [DHU PZHSG ON GC[SH
HGILDH HGW[J RHEN VHEG [UY HD L [DFD H[DJ HO CKJ PC G[HCNO C[QED UQQ D
PNJ FLQO]D Z[ [QCS GI PL[DHTG PLSHC[ L POHCH G[LKSH GQLZS [HTLC HLWON RLC
ML[YH GI RWHCD VC [HKLOH PHZSO [HTC PFC [CD ODC G[H]G FHDNO RHLID PHQH
K PLLJ PLQ [CD RLHCOO GJL]WD PLLJ XWJ LWU C[QHJO C]L[HCF CZWT LN [DFD [LQJGO
OHJQ HFHDN HFHDN OU OJQ D[G PC GOCD RSJHL LD[ O HSLF ]HO]O ]QC ]WD D]N GQ LWO GC[S FHU
COC VHEG [UYO RHQQD RLSU RLD ZOJO J[NG ON RLC OHJQ HFHDN GNOGO PLKZHS HSC GQ LWO L[G HCO PC
J]O CO PC@ [DFD HZOLJ CO MHSLJGH PDQ[G L[DF PLDHLQ GIDH [HKLOH PHZSO G[H] G[TC RWHC OND
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E DJ PHO L[DF LWU >OSN CLTG[WD
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MN OD UHSQO [HTC ]HUFG ONOH VHEG [UY OOND GI RLC G[HCNO HLSWD CO HGSLE
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]UDHS GSLC H]DLC LWUC GCSZH GCS ]QJQ H[DJ ]C ]HHOGOQ USQSG ]S]HS C[DTG E
F RLN[U DZUL ]HOGZ LWU RHLU ML[YH PHZ] CO D [DHU GU[ GOG HO GU MNQ
M]LQUO COH MQU LSD [QCS MNO U[ PFC PE OOHN G[LKSH GQLZS [HTLC PLZTHW HD]N F
IDF[ [DFD [HTLC RLC D]N LQ LH ZL P[GQ PLI[C LFHQU FJ P [ZL LON LWU FNH
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PGQ FJC O HC[ OUQ ]WSYQ OKHSH GSHQQG CD GOHEUD PLFQHU PLSGNG FZQD PLTLLWQ FYLN
GOLJ]Q HLOU HQLNTG L[ LWU PLSGNG [WTQ OU GD[G OU GOHUG [WTQG LWN ]HSQO OLJ]Q HSQQH
LQOH[LD PLC[HQC ]ZHOJQ OCQQ HC RLQLQ DDHTH MOHG PLSGNG O PGL]HUDYC GSHQ UU GN
GNHIG CHG G[LWTG ]QLL]TQ HD RGNGH
]JC PGL]HUDYC FL[WGO PLOHNL PSLC PLOHJG OFHECO GNHQTG UDYCG CLG ]JC UDYC CLYHQ RGN ON
PLSQSH [U LO PHZQD O T[E PDQ[GH L[ LWU UDYCG PU GQCG ]C CLYHGO PLC[ ]JC
GZHO COC FHU COH HO PLSHQ RLC CLYHG PCH PLCQ[G LSWQ OFHEC PLCLYHQ RLCH ]JCN RGL]
GSHQQG RQ >]HZF ]HUHY[O GC[D GZHTWG ]HZOQ ]UHY[ @ ULZWD
GQYU LSWD ]LSQS UDYCH UDYC ON C[QED ][JC GT[LE LWU KZS PDQ[G
EN VF
H]CYHGH RFG ]QH[] KO
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"R]HUO [N PHQ OUD RGN PCG D
"HCO PC ]HFHDU RG PCG E
[QCS H]CYHGDH FD HFQ RGNG DOH [HWQ RFG ]QH[]D FZ LFEDD ]HUS H]CYHGH RFG ]QH[] C
COC PGD PL[G HOC KHW PLFEDO DHO PLFED LZQ PL[JC PLFED DOH HLFED ]C KWH
OCUQL LD[ LDF CS] RNH C[F CQZ CS] P L [ J C PLFED DOH []HL PL]HJW PLFED DHO RFG ]CYHGO
HSLC ROGOFN PLQHQ LOUD ]CYHGO PL[JC PLFED [HFG [IULOC LD[ PE [CHDQ TH]D C
LFED ML[Y HL[DFO PE PLSL TH]D FHU [CHDQH GCYHGO GSHGN LFED ML[Y MN OU ZOHJ
LD QOQDH CDKL[D PE UH RCNOH RCNO PL[JC [HFH RFG ]CYHGO PL]HJW GSHGN
C[ZLH RDQ[G H[LWD CDHQ RNH GSHGN LFED ML[Y RLC [IULOC LD[O D]N RDOG L[ HOLCH
RDQ[O GSHHNG [WCH FLTJG D[GQ CDKL[G LHFJD RNH FH
]CYHGD GSHGN LFED ML[Y RLC PL[N PSLC RLQHQ LOUD GNOGO VC PGL[DFQ GC[S LH
L PD L[LCQG HI GUF CLDG RNH GCYHGD GSHGN LFED [LNIG CO PDQ[G OU GQ] QOQG RFG
[LUO XHJQ GCYHGD CO GSHGN LFED ML[Y JDIQGQ RFG ]F[HGD Z[ HI GUFO [WO D]N LQ LH PL[WQ
MN OU GQ] OICG RDCDH LQOH[LG OU RD[Z L[LL LWU
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CQHL ]NTQ PHNLTO ]HDH]H ]HOC
GSHGN LFED [CQ PL]HJW PLFEDD ]LUS CLG PE PL[QHC L RFG ]QH[] D
PLFED P]HCD HI GUFO FFY LQ L DL OLUO CDKL[D PE UH COZ MHSLJGH LD RLFLQ] PDQ[G
ML[YH JCOZ MHSLJ ]JSQ GW C GJ IDF[G ]DH]D UQQ RN RFG ]C CLYHQ PGD PL[Q CHG
RLUL[NQ L PD L[LCQ LWU PGQ PL]HJW PLFED ML[Y RFG ]CYHGO PL[QHC LH RHLU
PLNONO]Q PSLC GQ[GO PL]HJW PLFED ML[Y RLC [DHTH ZOHJ ]C GF DL L[ POHCH
]QC ]WH PLSLU GWL UUH RCN PLSL TH] ]UF RNH ]JC G]JQ CHOQ ]Q[GD RFGQ
DOH RFG ]QH[]D [QCS RN ]SH]NH PLTSNQ PLFED LS COC DHO RGNG RLC LZO L[ L[DFO
PLSO RLFG CHGH PLS DH]NG GOLE GUD[C RSJHL LD[OH H[D OU DOL FD LTSNQH FD HFQ RGNG
]UFO@ H[WH GQ[GO KSDCH ]WSYQ CLDGO D O L FD LTSNQH [H]LQ ]CI FQO GFHGL LD[H PLWTHS
LWU PLFEDG RLSUO GQ[GO GZHG RFG ]CYHGH FJHLQ LHDL[ MN OU ML[Y RLC CTHF LD[O >RSJHL LD[
TH]
PDQ[D QNH G ]HQJOQ RSJHL LD[N GNOG
]UF ]LC[S RN
L[O HCO PC CLYHGH PL[JC RFG ]CYHGO [N PHQ OUD RGN PCG [IULOC LD[H CQZ CS] HZOJS D
G[N GSLCH CLG GFHDU ONG L[DFO GQ[G RSJHL LD[OH GQ[GD ]ZHOJQ MN GCYHGO ]ZHOJQN LZO
PHQ OUDD
RLSUO RG JDIQGQ RFG ]F[HG RLSUO RG G[HQC HI ]ZHOJQ ZLTG LD RLFLQ] MOQO GSQD C
]H[N RSLC Z]OH RLQHQ LOUDD ]HUGO C[O ]H[N RGL] [LUO XHJ G[IUGQ H]CYHG
G[]HG COH GSHGN LFED GO ML[Y LSWQ WNU HC CLG GFHDU GYHJG GCYHGG PE LSWQ PC@
>PL[N PLSGNO COC PLFEDG ]LDO
RLFLQ] PDQ[ GQ[GO RN ONH RFG ]CYHGO [N HSLC PHQ OUD RGN CQZ CS]N GNOG D
HKD
RSJHL LD[ CQZ CS]OH [N [I VC RFG ]CYHGO PHQ OUD [LNQG [IULOC LD[ L[DFO [I E
LQOH[L LWU GS]Q ]FHDU COH ZHOLT ]FHDU CLG LSWQ [KHW LZO L[H G]LQ DLLJQ
L CQOUD [HTLC Z[ GFHDU GSLC LSWQ GCYHG OU GZHO [I RLC UQQ PDQ[DH
LQOH[LGQ MN OU GZG QOQDH
[WCH [IULOC LD[O VC RFG ]CYHGO [N HSLC [I G[H[D GJSGN KZS IL DJ PL[LQ DDHF ]HD UY
TH]G NQWO ODC GSHGN LFED GSHUK GSLC C[O RFG ]CYHG GJSGD Z[ LQOH[LG L[DF ON H]UFO
OHTW OHJ LFEDD RGNH [N [I [WC LC GSHGN GQH[]O PLNL[Y L[G NED ML[Y
DL]N RGN L[G [IULOC LD[F CDLOC LZO L[O HOLWC OHTW [I G[HCNO GC[S RFG ]QH[]OH
LQOH[LG LWOH CD FLQ]D GSQG LWU IL DJ PL[LQ DDHF
PLOE[H PLFL HFLZ GSHUK RFG ]CYHG F
GKLJ RHEN HFLZ YC RGD [N [I ]HFHDUG ON PN PLOE[H PLFL HFLZ YC G[HCNO [N [I C[O
]HFHDU [CQ G[HQJH HFLZ RWHC OND GSHUK JDIQG RQ RFG ]F[HG [QHO L MC GN L[U
CY[
RNOH PLSD COC PLFED GUD[CD ]LUS GSLC H]UFO GFHDU GSLC [DT LZO L[ RFG ]QH[] E
GUD[C GNL[Y [DHTH CLG GFHDU [DT RSJHL LD[H RLQHQ LOUD PLSGND G]HUO [IULOC LD[ [LNQ
RLQHQ LOUDD G[N GSLC ONG L[DFO RNOH PLFED
G[HCNO UQQH RLQHQ LOUD G]HC PLHU C[O LZO L[ OU RSJHL LD[ ZOJS CO RFG ]CYHGDH
GFHDU GSLC
]UF VTHL
LZO L[O VC CLG GFHDU RLQHQ LOUD OTHWG CQZ CS] LWO GC[S OCSSJ HSD[ H[LWD
L[LCQD UUH L[GH GF KS ROGO TH]UH PLZLOC HSD[ D]N RNH
OUDH CQZ CS]O RLD [IULOC LD[O RLD GFHDU GSLC LZO L[O [CHDQ L GF TH]D HOLCH
LD[F CDLOC RSJHL LD[O RNH JDIQ LDEO D[Z [I RLCH [IN CHG LSWQ Z]O OHTW PHQ
POHCH >PLFED GUD[C ML[YGO DH]NG ][IE COC@ GFHDU GSLC QUD [LNQG [IULOC
CNLC GF IN TH] LWU CLG GFHDU RFG ]CYHG RLQHQ LOUD OTHWG Z]F CDLOC RSJHL LD[O
[LNGO DH]NG [IE COC CLG GFHDU C[O HOLWC RSJHL LD[O [QHO ZW]TS LD RLWTHQH RLFLQ] QOQ UH
RLQHQ LOUD
RSJHL LD[NH Z]N ZTW PEG GFHDU GSLC RFG ]CYHG ZTW HKD RLWTHQH RLFLQ] PDQ[GH
ZTW RFG ]QH[]D POHCH LQOH[LGQ MN OU GQ] QOQGH H]HC PLCLYHQ PSLC RLQHQ LOUD
CLG GFHDU L P
FN VF
"G[HUL HGQ RFG ]QH[] C Q
"RFG ]C PL[G [I O HSLF GQ D
"[HKW HOCH G]LQ RGLOU DLLJ RCU [I ]HFHDUG RG HOC E
HYQHZD RCN VC HYQHZD ROGO GQ PL[GH GJSQD [QCSH PL[GH RFG ]QH[]D [QCS CLLJ LD[ GS C
PCH XQHZG COQ FQHCQ ]HJWL CO GQ[GO [HUL R]LO COC GHNLL RW [WC LC GI QQ HYQHZD COH
L[ VLTHQ VLTHGO GY[
ONG OHKL CO RF [CLL ML[YH ]LIN PL[GO ML[Y [CHDQ LQOH[LD C
DLD RLFLQ] MOQOGSQG MN OU FQUH GI RLF KLQG PDQ[G
CDKL[ LWU PLYUG RFQ COH HONC]S GOHUG L[DC HC PL[HQLCG RFQ PL[GO CLG GHYQG D
CCOZ MHSLJ ]JSQ LQOH[LD [CHDQ RNH N
PL[HCDH PLHFJ LWU HSQQ HQ[] [DN RFQ COH FJG RFGQ PHL OND PH[]O L GC[S E
]FDU G]LQ DLLJ HSLC D[ L[DFO [I PL[G PCH DH]ND [HWQN RGN LFL OU ]LUS RFG ]QH[] D
JDIQG [DF ONO DLLJ LHOOH ZHOLT ]FHDU COH ]QHL D[ZG [IGH GS]Q
ZTWH [KHW LZO L[H DLLJQ RSJHL LD[ IN TH]D [NIHQH LQOH[LD PLC[HQC HZOJS RNH
PLHFJ MOQO GSQ UH Y MHSLJG [WT OUD ]UF RNH [HKWO J D K FZQ ]CLD PDQ[G
PL[HCDH
GL[JC L GFHDU COH [DFG ]C ]QQ]QH ][QHEG GFHDU GQ] GFHDU OU COC G]LQ DLLJ HSLC [I E
GL[JC L GNOHGH GODZH PLSH[JC LWU RGND GSLF GZLOQ HC R[GC O H[WD HOLWC GKLJ RHEN GFHDU
]FHDU OU COH GS]Q ]FHDU OU COC DLLJ HSLC RNH ]QHL D[ZG [IGH GQ] GFHDU P ] F D U H GZL[I
OU ODC G]JQH VN ]CYHG RHEN [HKW PLSWD ]HUSG ZHOLT ]HFHDU OU CZHF LHO L[DFO COC ZHOLT
COH GS]Q ]FDU P]FDUH ]N[WO ]LDQOH ZHOLT ]FHDU CLG LWUC OSN DLLJ RFG ]QH[]
CLS] ]N[WO ]LDQOH GS]Q ]FHDUD COC DLLJ HSLC CD[ [QC ONLGD ]HFHDU VCH ZHOLT ]FHDU
LHOF GL]HHN CLS] D[F GL]HHN
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