PL[DF [C HQNH [DF ONO GIQ FHQOO RLC ODC GFHDU GSLC PEG RGN GD ML[Y GKLJO GG PL[DHTH ROGOFN HSHGLND
GSHGN LFED YCH RDG RHLFWH PLWN ]CLSN RGN PGD ML[Y
HCKJH DH]N RLCH LULDG P H L D HCKJH [QCS PHLD COC RL[N RLCH GLQLQ ]CIG GQ DU
CDKL[ LULDDH LLOD
DGQ DJ TLESD [I[EG LHFJ Q ]HN[D C[GQ ]HFEC LHFJ OOND ]HOLOG PCG DH]ND PLQL PHL ]HUQQ RLSUD UU
[I RHO KHLFG RGND ]H[HFO L[QCF CNLCH OHFE RGND ]H[HFO L[QCF CNLC
CF G[W ]SQD GI RLFD HSLS PLCS] ]ZHOJQO RCN GSHHNG LN TD L[QCF CNLC [CN HSLCH
FJ G[W CHIJ FHUH CDKL[ LWU RHOG H[YLZH ENZ ]ZHJ L[WTDH C]WTH]DH
CHG EL[J GSHQ
FHQO]G [FT M[FN PSLC PL[I ]HSHO FHQO]D L GD[GH JU ROGO CDKL[G RHO HI
PL[HWNG PHLQ GZJ GZJ [QE OHFE RGND ]H[HFO L[QCF CNLC
h
PGLJDI ]C FHU HJDIL COH XHJ LKHJ OU C[Z DH]NF PUKG GLWHE GI
PLF[WSG CHG P[LUO
JO]QG [LU GSGH ]LG ]OHIO GD[ZGN LHG FZQO XHJ GKLJG PLOFDSG PLLONQ
DHJO OHOU RLSU GI OHFE RGND CGL ML[Y XHJD ]D[ZS GQHFCG[WGH XHJD CHG
FZG JH[ LC CHG OHFE RGND G]HYQ RNO F[WS JNO GFHDU GILC GOLOJ G[I GDJQ
OU L[JC ][WD D]N GQ RN GIO DH[Z RDQ[ RLHULH G[I DHJO CHDL CO CHG HLOU G[H
U OICIU
[HIQ GI GLGL IC GOHJG LQFD GDN[G]GD GOJQG T[C UDKG L[]TD GZJ HSCYQ GSGH
GI [C ]HSH ]HOJQ FHUH G[NTC LOHJDH GKH DON LNHSD GCHW[G ]UN KW]S [CN
JO]QG [LUGH GQHFCG[WG LN G[H]G L[]TD RN CQHL VHTD [J RD CL]Q LD[ ]KL
FHTD CHDL LQH [GKQ GIH [WNQ GI FUHQ OGHC J]W JNHS HIH PLSWDQ JO]Q GI HUL [CN
EKL ]ZJ GQNJ MQ F
HKZ CULYQCDDD CDHQD U C[ZF CQUK ]L[FD RHUQ LD[ ]KL OU
C[ZF GLQUK L[FF CLG RHUQ LD[
J GKHT
EQ VF
DO RLOHJD CDHQD U GSHHN COD ][JC ]KLJ RLFDH GI RLF FHTLD
GQU ][JC KHJL CO G]C KJH
DQ L[C]H[HDEG GCH[ [IUOCH KJH [I CGL OCHQO GSQQ H]UF JLTL CO D[O HLSWO
[IUOC CO G[HQ DH]NG ]HKW COGH J[NG PH COO HUQQQ DH]NG KW CLYHGO D[ GC[ GQ GQ]
KJHG CHG
D[ ]KL PU C[ZQG KW DLL]Q L[G R[GC O HLSWO C[ZQ O HKHW [LW PD[G RNC
KJHG CHG [IUOC
FLZ
EQ VF CQHL
[JC KHULQ LHG D[O [IUOCO GL[HFGCO OCHQO HUDYCD GQFQ RGNG [IUOC JZOH
GKLJD OCHQO RLD D[O RLD UQQ FLQ CLYHQ UQQ HGI KHLFG RGN HOLWCF ]HD[O KHULQ
[IUOCD COC GSLC GKLJG D[OH [IUOCD ML[YG GCIGDH GODZD HOLCH OCHQO [I DH]NG [LNG
KHLFG RGND GCIGGH GODZGH
COLQQ UQQ GI C[ZQ GSQQ H]UF JLTL CO OLUO H[FH HLSLUO G[WG ]C V[H DH]NG MLQQH@
HLSLUO G[WG ]C V[H HUDYCD GQFQ RGNG [IUOC JZOH PFHZG C[ZQG ]HUQQQ CLYHQ HSLC
>KHLFG RGN ]HD[O D[O CZHF [IUOCD OCHQO
D[O UQQ FLQ CLYHQ UQQ HSLLG KHLFG RGND HOLWCF OCHQO I[C XU RGNG JZOH
PGLS LN PFHZG DH]NG FLQ CLYHQ HSLC COLQQ UQQ HGIH CSLQC M]UF CZOT ML[KYLC
PLSHC[ KHLFG RGND PL[N
]H[HFO [QCF RCQO COC [LW KHLFG RGND ]H[HFO [QCF RCQO CJLSG ]H[HFO HSHGLND RGN
HSHGLND [QHO M[YHG COG GZ G[HCNO "CLUDLQ HSHGLND RSLUD OHFE RGN C]G OHFE RGND
DHICH I[C XU ]NOG HC D[O G[WG ]WL[H PFG ]CIG RHEN KHLFG RGN RGD [N ]HFHDU R]HCD
RLC ONG L[DFO H]UD [IUOCD ]HUGO HN[YHG CO ]HFHDU R]HC ON GC[S L[G@ ONG L[DFO
> ]H[HFO COH [IUOCO G]HC Q CHG ]H[HF RLFO [HZQG COG LN OHFE RGN ]H[HFO PGD ML[Y
FJHLQ C[ZQ M[YS UHFQ OHFE RGN ML[Y []HL [HQJ ]H[HF RLF [QCF RCQO C[QEG ]SHHN [WO LH
LC RHIJ LWU ]HFHDUG OND HSHGLND RGN ML[Y GLG GSHC[ G[WD PE COG ]H[HFO GSHGN LFED FQOO
[WC OHFE RGN ML[YGO GZHJ GZHJ HFQO GQ LWO [QHO FFY FZTD UH >GSH RHSETD RCN CDKL[D UH@ DJ G[W
GWL[H GCIGD RLFG RN
G[H]G ]HFLQ [C RLSUOH JL PLJTWD CDHQD [DFG PUKD U
C[Z GO D]NH J[K [QHJH OZD CL]CF C]OLQ
ELZ RLOHJDH HN PLJTWD CDHQD U RGD ][FS
RLC RKZH GKH [J HCYL JLSGO ]UF HD L LQ JLSGH G[WG [WC ]C [HGK LC VTCH
GOLOD OHTW RNH@ RKZH GKH [JD OHTW H]JSGH G[WG [WC ]WLTC RLF [ZLU JLSGO ]UF RGD
GW[SN FLQ L[G GSJQO XHJQ H]CYHGH [WCG ]OLKS ]OHUWO GSHHNG RLC >DQ OLUOFN ]UFG JTGDH
H]CYHG COO VC HFLZO [WCG [NHG G[WG
HI G[WG PLONHUQ PSLC PLOJEGQH PLYUGQ [WCG ][WG HC GL]NG HSLLG GWLTCG GC[S COC
[WC L[WG HC ]OJEG ]C CQK HC RKZ ]N PC MNOG HFLZO [WCG ]C ][NQH CLG GFHDU
>OTWS CO GN[UQD [WCG [CH@ HOTW G[DND H[DN HC GN[UQD ]DH[U]GQ
HSLC GJSGG [HQCN RN GQYUON GJSGD GHYQ L CO JLSGO ]UF HD L LQ JLSGH H[QC GQH
CHDL COH [HGK PHZQD GSJQO XHJQ HJLSGO ML[Y RLFG LWN PL[DFG KZS COC G[WC ]WLTC RLFD
PL[HCDH PLHFJ UUH FLJ G[W LC RHIJ LWU G[IUO
n
CQKG OU [GKG
b
GIGH DU
ML[Y RLC [HQE [HGKO GSHHNG PC CQK CHG OONQ [GK
ODKH GOUQO [QCS [DN PEH ]CKJ G[H] G]C[Z L[G G[WO OHTW CQKG HSUFL COLQQH PHON [QHO
[HGK C[ZS PHLOHDKO HSLYQH PHL OHDK ]HD[O COC DH]NG CD CO MNOG [HGK LC PLQD
HKZ
]UF VTHL
RCN J[ H[LWDH HL[WQDH ]ZJ L[WT UH FHUH EU ]HQDLH EN GELEJH RCN L[ LWU [GKH PLQD XJ[H
[QCS
ELC G[W OG PDQ[
H]CQHKQ G]U GI ODK H][GKO MHQTD UQQ [HGKG D]N CDKL[GH
>]HCQEHF GQN FO OLUO CDHQD U FHUH GSHC[ GOHU GOHUG HSLYQ HQNH@ RHC[G [HGKG UQQ CD[DH
H][GKO RHC[G DOD [QHON
FHQO]D HGHSCYQ CO C[DO LS] ZHW GI LHKLD
C[DO LS] ZHW GLO [QC RSJHL LD[F GLQZ CS] LS]
DT RL[FGSTH IU ]HQDL DL GYLD K RLDH[LU HZ ]DDH RCN RSJHL LD[ LWQ COC
HS ]HDH]NH Q ]HQDL O ]HN[DD C[DO MC[Z L[Z ZHW LCSL LD[ RSJHL LD[ O HD[ OYC CYQS GQHF LHKLD
R[GC LSDH [QCF LS LHFLHD CS LCQH MHFZ PU R[GC LSDH [QC COF RHC[ LHFLHD CS LCQ
DLLJG OU [WNLH LCNI CDL DKHQ ]S]HS RLFG ]FQ CLG MN OCUQL LD[ LDF CS] " MHFZ PU
GOLJ] GFH]L LHC[ GLG G[HCNOH H]LD OU RHC[ LHFLHD GFH]Q GQH DLLJG OU [WNLH DLLJ CDL OCH
L[LCQDH CDKL[H L[LCQ LWU LQF HWHEN H]LD PHQ DLLJG OU [WNLH LCNI CHDL LFN FDOD HQYU OU
RHLN FHUH ]HUHD CDKL[D UYH EL ]HUHD R[H CD[D GNH H]LD LSD [C COH H]C ]C OOHN RHC[ LHFLH [CHDQ
ZJYL JL HQYU ]HSHHU PG HOLCN ]HSHHU P]HCD SUS CHG L[G H]LDD ]HJQO HFLD
]FHDU C[ZF CQUKD
GOUH G]JQ OKS HD T[QQ CHG LQO HS]HSH HQF ]C Z[IQD ODZH HKJ
ELIK L[JC [W [LG [[ H[LWD U H]CIGO PFG ]ODZ RLD [WG ]HFHDU UYQCD ]LUS ][HKZG
LULD[ HUDZH HO GYHJQ ONLGO LULD[G FDH[ C[QED [CHDQ ONLGD LULD[G FDH[G OU GJLSGH
HY[ GC[S LULD[ FDH[ RN PE HUDZ PLOJE RLSUOH@ PFG ]L[Z J PHQ []HL ZJ[]L CO LFN
EQTDH L[LCQD CHG RNH FDOD PFD COC G]JQD LULD[ [LNIG CO PDQ[GH L[C ][HDE LWU >PL[DFG ]HHGO PLQNJ
K[
FQ VF
[DF ][HKZG RNO [W CDL[ LCJD [DF CDL U[G RHO OU ][WNQ ][HKZ GQ OU
HN PL] ]JC GSHQ GLG PLQF R]QN CO GZL]D G]US ][HKZG LN PLQF R]QQ []HL LCJD
LCJD [DF ]C[ZS MNO PLQF R]Q HQN ][HWQ G][WN RLC ][HKZG PHQ [LW RSJOC [GH
FHUH PLSL TH] LWU
CQOUD PLQF R]Q RN RLC GQ [LKZQG FDOQ GCH[ [JC PFC RLCD GQLSW ]LDD ]LUS POHUO ][HKZG LWO [WO L G[HCNO
PLQF R]QO PLQF R]Q RNH PL[HWNG PHL O ][HKZO GSG ON O ][HKZ ][WN ]HHGO [D]TQH RHYLJG JDIQG OU GD L
LEN CY] GQNJ MQ [WTD U U[G RHO OU ][HKZG ][WN RLSUD FHU
ONLGQ PLSWOH LSWOF G[KZG ]UD ODC ONLGF G[KZG ]UD COC HS CO [IUOC LD[ [QC
CLG JDIQOH POHCG RLDQ GL[WG C[QED MHQTD [CHDQ L[W CO JDIQOH POHCG RLDQ L[W
IKZ