GILJCG ]C DLJGO RHC[G GJLZOG GUQ OLUHQ GOLJ]D ]CYO RHHLN CO PEG DHLJ RQID HQYUD JZON GSH LN
GHYQG RQID GUQ RCN RLC [JG ]HOU PFHZ JZON RN CO GHYQO HLNU O
GDJ[GD UU GDH] G]HCD HL[DF VHTD RN D]N DLYSG PE CZHF LONG RQ GJLZO ML[Y RCN CHIJG NQ
D
GQDD ]CKJH JTW ]CKJH JTWD EGHS LCQD GQO CO GQDD EGHS RN GQO COQ LC
COG ILZ ROGOFN GOHFE GQDD D[Z JTWG >RSLQLLZ GLDLOCF@ RHUQ LD[ L[DFO PEH HD[Z CO
MH[WO MLL RLC MNOG PHZQ ]HOHDE GO RLC FLJL ]QDO Z[H HQHZQO XHJ OHTW PE L GOHFE GQDD
PLFZ RCY UUH FHUH FHF FL HQHZQO XHJ PE EGHS HQO CO EGHS PHZQD LN PHON
POHUG VHT FU HQHZQ GUZDG ONH RCN L[ L[DFQ PLSH[JCG HZLLF ]HQDG []LG RQID OHJD GSKZ GQD ]H[WC RLSUD@
UU OHJD ]H[HTC ]HQDG ]ZJ RDQ[GQ HCLDG POHCH HLSHJ ]LD LDE L GOLEQQ HCLDG RNH OHJD GQD L UQQ
GSKZO GOHFE GQD RLD PLZOJQ LH HK H[F ]QC L[DF EW RL[FGST GQ[H L[ HN R]S LD[F ]HDC JO CKHI L[WT GID
> G[UGD GQD M[U E M[N ]LFHQO] SCDH LDY [G [WTD U
PUQHH OCO PLOOW]Q PQ G [ I U ]C[ZS GQ PH OU PL[WQ L FZQ G[IU MH]
G[IU MH[UD CDHQ P[IHUH
GOHTW [ID G[W ]KLJ D[ [QC C[LI [ [QCGH "COH CLG GFHDU HCO GKLJ OC DU
]HFHDUG OOND GKLJG PE LCFH RGN GNL[Y PLFZ ]KLJ PHZQ PHD ]CYQ RHLNH
D[H GD[ OU CLHZG ][IHJH GOKDO [WC LC GFHDU CLG PEG PLFZ [CD [ID G[N NWUCH
HCO PC GOKDO [WC PC GOCD [ID GNOHG RLF HO] VTHL
PUKQ [ID GOHTW COC GFHDU [FED GSLC LCFH RN OUH CLG ]LDG ZFD LFZF G[W LSC HJFH
GKLJG ]DJS ]LDG ZFD LFZD HOLWC GD[FC [QHON "CHG RNF ON HCOH GZQH [JC
GFHDU HCOF PLUES ]HC[QC GHGF LFLQ X[]QH JDIQ LFZD RN ONH [ID GOHTW L[G GFHDU
GFHDU [FED GKLJ RLC POHUOH [JC PUKQ GSHGN GNL[Y G[WG ]KLJ VC GSHGN CLUDH CLG
D[ PHO [WTDH DLYSG LHFJD UUH TH]H L[ LWU KHW
GSHGN RLF HHG MNQ HD]N L GSHGN LUDH HGSLS GFHDU HCOF PLUES ]HC[QC GHGF LFLQ
PSLC HNH PLOE[H PLFL XHJL[ GSHGN LFED RHEN PLSLF [C UQQ PLUES ]HC[Q PU G[W ]KLJD
>GSHGN LFED HC GYLJ[ COO GOHTW G[WF FWD HSLS GL]HFHDU [CD Z[H@ G[W ]KLJO PLN[YS
P L[C ]H[HDEH DQ CQHL PLSL TH] U [DFD ]HUFG HZOJS [DNH UESG ]C ]HC[O PLN[YS PSLC PN
JT ROGO RLHYQDH FC ]HJSQ DZUL ]HOGZ
HK VF
GSLC RCN G[HQCG OE[D CO GNOHG RSD[H RHUQ LD[ ]ZHOJQ OE[D CO GNOHG [Q]C
OON OE[D GNLOG COO PFG ][DUG OU RHFLSG GLG G]U FU OLUOF OE[D CO GNOHG RHFLSO RLSU
Q
HK VF t PLJDI
ML[Y OE[D CO HNLOHG PCH OE[D MOLO CZHFD ML[Y CQ HC [NH GNOHG ]FHDU OOND CLG PCG
HO L RO CQLLZH MN OU HDLG MC GSZ] HO RLC DH RSJHL [Q HKW GQ LWOH@ MLOHGOH [HIJO
GD DJ PC CYHL COLQQH >UYH INC QJODH QTND UH QTNDH KEL QGHTW PDQ[ U GSZ]
GNOHG ]FHDU RCN G]US CO L[G OTW CO OE[D CO PFG ]C [I [LDUG HC OHTW]DJQ
OU CG] CHG RLFDH GCIGOH GZL[IO HFL KLHGH RLFN G[N GNOHG L [CN CHG RHFLSG RCN ODC
GNOHG P RLC L[ [W OHTW] CO GDJQ PUKG Z[ GDJQ GD OHTW]H GNOHG ][H] GKHGG
GDJQ RCN RLC GQYU GCIGG OU DJ CO RHLNH GCIGO ]OWKS CLG COC FLG ]KHG ]OHUW OU
]OTHWG
GNOHG DH OE[D L]D[ GNOHG G]LG PC ODC GNOHG GQ CO OE[D CO GNOHG RO CQLLZ GNOGOH
F DKN CQZ LC RHIJ GNOHG GQ GKHGG PE OTHW OHTW]DJQ DJ GKHGD L][KHI
ZHJ[ FQHUN GSHHNG L]D[ GNOHG GI H[LWO CLEHTD FJ H[LW PDQ[G ]UFD FFLY GFH] JDI D@
MOLO HN[F GI RWHCD L[G CQOU LOHNO OHTW GID RL]UF CZOTH JDIQG OU PFG Z[IH JDIQG RQ
L[KHI GNOHG D ODC GDJQ GD ]OTHWH GNOHG HI ]DJS ZHJ[Q Z[IH GSL PC VC MNOH OE[D
PCG PLQNJH RHUQ [ HZOJS GID H[DJO H[DJH H[DJO KLHG HC JDIQO MHQTD PFG ODLZ [QHON
DJH MOG PC RHLN PLQNJ ]UFO [H RSD[ HZOJS L]D[ GNOHG D MWGO HZLTGH GNOHG ]DJS
L[KHI GNOHG DH OTW CO [O HOLCH OTW Z[I COC OE[D MOG CO PC RNO OTW OHTW ]DJQ
GDJQ GD ]OTHWH CQOU LOHNO GFHDU HI L[G MND GN[F RHLN
ODLZH KJ PCH OHTW JDIQO Z[HIH ZJ[QD FQHU PC L[G RSD[N RO CQLLZF GNOGO GI H[LWO
UQQ RNH [N H[DJO H[DJH H[DJO G[TQH ZHJL[D ODLZ PC HC Z[IH KLHGH JDIQO MHQT PFG
FLLSF C]QLZHCG ]C CLDG COH H[DJO H[DJH H[DJO HS]S G][HYN PLJTW ]SQ ]C CLDG PDQ[D
HI C]QLZHCD M[HY RLC RNC GI H[LWO CSZTQO LN C][HW
L]Z]UGH OSG H[LWN L]UF OU FHQUO L]LY[ CO ]HNOG LKHZLO D PLSWD PHZQ ONQH GFH] JDID PLLTH
CZLTW CO TG LOUDF CQOC GI XH[L] RN PE C[QEG ZL]UG FT PLJTWD RN C][HW FLLSF CLEHTG
> [ZLU T[KSHZG H[LWF HD]N ]HWTH]G PEH RLLEHTF CSZTQG MN ON HGO
ZHWLOF LQZQ GOU DLJF LC GO ]JNQ LNLG RHUQ [O GDJQ GD GOHTWF VHUG ]CKJ COC
LFN MH]D PE COC QQ GFHDU ]UD GDJQ ML[Y RLC PHZQ OND GC[S CLG PHON CO PF
L[G OON POHUD PFG RLC RCN MC OTHW LSHOW [DF ]UF OU GHU [QHC ON GFHDU O [HDLF
GZL[IG PFHZ GZL[IG OU DHJO MLL Z[IQD PF RN CO RLLFU GDJQ ]NLL RLC [DO OWKS CHG
HKC PLJDI CHIJ
PFHZH LONG RQ PFG ]CLYL [JCO COC ]OTHW GDJQ RLC LONG RQ GZL[ID PE G[HCNO [CHDQ COC GF TH]D GGEGD
RN D]N GFH] JDI D PEH >]OTHW GSLC L[KHI GNOHG FYG LWO@ JDIQO ULEL
PLSW ON OU ODC CYL [JCO COH [CHYGQ PF CYL PFHZ GDJQ GOLUHQ RLC PSQC OHCO L
FHUH TH]G ]UFO CQODH GDJQ ]NLL UE[ H]HCDH GCIGG ]HYQ [ZLU CLG [CHYGQ PFG ]CLYL
RHO [DFO MLL RLC CJLS [HDLFD PSG PLFZD OHTW ]HDJQ ON KN ROGOH D OLUO CDHQD U
GZ GDJQD LF PC ODC RLU V[GN CLG ZHLFD GCLYLG ]UD ]OTHWG
KJH LSC PLOQG ]C DJL ML[Y ]OTHW FDOD GDJQ PL[DHTG ]UFO VC [QHO L G[HCNOH
CQ
]UF VTHL
GIO PE [WC MNOG FNH PLQO RD[Z CHG [DHT HQYU RLSUG [HLYD LF RLC FNH PLQO PO
EC DZUL ]HOGZ LWU DYH RQI LHGL ML[Y
JDIQG [LHCO PF ULEG CO FU GIQ O HFL GUKZSH GIQ GLG C[LI LD[Q GLQ[L LD[ GLSLQ CUD
C[]DCDDD RLHYQN PLZHJ[ PL[ZQ O ]HOCDH PLLOHDE ]HZWTD GLQ[L [ O HN[F HSLYQ ]HQHZQ GQND HGQ
EN
CHG G[H]G ]ULFL DHLJQH LUQ LHKLD LFLO GCD GSLC PEG GNOGG ]C ]UFO L CYQSD [DFG RLCH KUQN VC OUH@
>]HLHYQ ]HLUQ ]HNOG PL]UO HO L [C H]HOOND RLFG FHTL OU PL]UO FHQOO L PLLOHDEG PL[ZQG RQ ]CI FHUH
GOUQO LW OU VC GSHZ]O [WC CO OHTW [QC FJH HNLOHGH [IJH RGN H[LIJGH [I HNLOHG
ZOJO L LN PHON HZG CO RCN GSZ]O [WC LC OE[D CO GNOHG GUFG OU ]HLSQGQ HDLG
OON GFHDU ]LUS COH GNOHG GQ CO OE[D CO GNOHG [ID GNOHG RLDH OE[D CO GNOHG RLD
[WC LC DHH JDIQG OC []HL PFG D[Z]G [DN PHQ HGI GSZ]O [WC LC CQ OLUO HSF GQH
GNOHG ODC ][JC PUW H]NOHGH H][IJG LU GSZ] L COC RN [DFG RLC HJLNHGH GFHDU HD ]HUO
LU GSZ] RLC [DN [QHO FY L MNOH GFHDUG G O T W S [DNH OHTWD G]US GNOHG CLG L[G [ID
][IHJ GNOHG
GSZ] GO RLC [ID GNOHG HOLCH G[IJGD GSZ] GO L OE[D CO GNOHG C QGHTW PDQ[G ZTW RNH
DJ PC [IULOC [N ZTW FDC[GO GJNHG D]N KEL P MOQOGSQG L[DF ]HJFO L GIDH@
XHJO PFG MWS OLUO CLEHTD HY[] GQQ OTW CO GYHJG PFG MLOHG GUD OHTW ]DJQ
PC COG XHJ LWON MWS GQ OLUHL GQ PDQ[G ZTW RNH PLQNJN GNOHG ]DJS GYHJG GNOHG PCH
LFESG RHHLNO HC JDIQG RHHLNO MWS RLD [WG GQ GD ]OTHW GDJQH GNOHG GQ OE[D CO GNOHG
Z[ GLG OHTWO FYG ONH OON GNOHG P RLC MWSD L[G PQ GJNHG ON RLC [HQCG LWO POHCH
RN CO OHTWO C[DT PH RLC GYHJ MWSN ODC GFHDU COO JDIQG OC PFG D[Z]S QQ PHQ
LHFJ >PLQNJN ]OTHW GYHJG GNOHGD VC [WC FNH [ID GNOHG HC OHTW ]DJQD GNOHG RLSUO
ELZ LL ]LD UUH KEL QGHTW LHOG J[EG
CO GNOHG PCG OLUOF RHFLSG GLG CWHE GI H]UFO OL MC PLSHG RLD GHG G[HCNO QOQG ]UF DLLO GC[SH
GOHTW GFHDUN G[FE HC OE[D MLOHLH [LIJL LU GSZ] L LICH GFHDU [FUGN G[FE PCG HCO PC GSZ]O [WC OE[D
GSZ] GO RLC COLQQH GOHTW GNOHG [FED LGL[G UQQ G O H T W RSJHL [ [QCFQ HJLNHGH
POHUOH XHJO MWS [DHFQ HJFH GOHTW GFHDU HI RLC L[G GSZ] GO L UQQ HWTCH LONG RQ MWS RLFQ HZGH
L RN [LUG DS LTHT EJ [IULJCD PE UH MWSD GFHDU P MLL GQ TJ[EG GZG GQH GOHTW GFHDU CLHG
OE[D CO GNOHGN CLG L[G GQYU PFG ]WLTC COGH LET PFG ]WLTCD UQQ [N HWTCH LS]ZFQ CLG CLHZG [QHO
COLQQH GOHTW GFHDU HI L[G POHUOH XHJ RHHLNO MWS X[]QH DH MLOHGH RHC[G HQHZQO H[LIJGH HWTC UQQD RLCH
]OTHW GSLC XHJO GNOHG [IULOC [N HKZS JNHQ
JLNHGO HY[ COC GOHTW COC [QC CO JHL[ LN C]DHL] RSJHL [F C]DHL] PHZQ ONDN H[QC COH@ C]DHL] HJF VHTDOH
GSZ] GO LH OON GFHDU GSLC OE[D CO GNOHG [QHON >]HLSQG JNQ GJNHGG HJFH HSHOQ
CO GNOHGO GOHTW GFHDU ]HQFO RLC CSZTQO LN GSZ] GO RLC [ID GNOHG [QCF RCQ OU RCN HZG CO KHW G]UQH
[HQCN OE[D
DQ
IK VF t PLJDI
GSLC GLS GNOHGH OLCHG OHTWO RLC C[ ]UFO
RSD[H [IULOC [ ]ZHOJQ GLLHKQCO ML[Y CG DU
MLOHG PC [N CGL GSH[JC GNOHG []D RSLOICF RGN MLOHGH [IJH [I MLOHGD [LNQG ]UFO PE GC[SH ]N[YS
OHTWO JN GD RLCH ][]HLQ GLS GNOHG RHLN [I MLOHGH [IJH RGN
C[QED UQQD RLC MC [LNGO GJND RLC GLS GNOHG LN OHTW RGN MLOHGH [IJH [I MLOHG C[O [QHO C[DTD PHZQ GLGH
PLQNJH C[ ]ZHOJQD ]CI ]HO]O
CYL PC ]HLQLSW ]HCKJD [DFD C]HZWS L RHUQ [O POHCH [IJH CYLD COH XHJO MLOHGD COC C[ [DLF CO CSZTQOH
FL OLUOFN OTW CO P KHJO GLG OHNL RHLN JDIQOH POHCG RLDQ GI U[E CO L[G ]OTHW GLS G[IJ RLC [IJH
OSNH [N RGN MLOHGH [IJH ]HLQLSW ]HCKJ MLOHG [ID [O RHFO LH [IJH CYLN RN ONH
RQF HODZ PLJDIG ON LS Z[W
PLOOJQ PG GSQD PLLHSQG PLOHTWG [C ON OU PLFJHLQ PLFHQLOO HN[YHG ROGO RNH ROSQ [I
GFHDU
LSGQ CO FLDU LC FLDU] CO CSQJ[ [QCF C]OLQ ON G[HQ] L[D CD[ ]KLO ]HZGO RLCH
"H]FHDU OLUH] CO G[H]G ][GIC OU [DU RHLN COG GOHTW P]FHDU MNO [HZQ PLNL[Y UHFQ
HSFQOH G[N H]FHDU EEHD FDU PC FHDUO CO [GIHQ LW OU VC OOJD HSLYQ RHLN [QHO L
CZU[ LWU LSGQ FLDU LC GFHDU RLSUO G[H] G]OLE L[G HT RLHFZ U DH]NG RQ ]CI
COH OOJ CZU[ KZS UHFQ FHU P [LUGH GC]LO] ID FZQ ]CLD L[IU LDCD HL[DF OU [LUG GQDH VTHS XH[L] U
DN RL[FGST G[N H]FHDU FDU C[UH[W RLF RNH HOU COH PL[N ]NTQG C[D [CHDQG GQO CO F CSLF KZS
RHOD GQO RLF [QCS CO RHLN D]N FW GQH[] OG MOQG [U [WTD TWFS [EHOZ [EGO GQO RHL[WC [WTD UH
D OLUO L[ UH LSGQ CO FLDU LC CF RHEND PL[QHC RLC RD[ZG ]H[N OU RLFN Z[ COC LHHLY RHOD CO VCH G[GIC
D OLUO RLHYQD UU DJL CO Q FQOS GQO CO ]DJQ [HTLC
IK VF
GQGD RLC DL[ZQN D[Z HD GU CO JLNHL CQK DL[ZQN D[Z HD GU RN PHQ OUDO GQ
RWHC HSLYQ RN PCH GCQHK ]ODZQ GKLJ [JCO PHZQ ONQ [QC] PCH L[ GLLJD GCQHK ]ODZQ
">HGF ON CN[LWD LF L][]Q CFJ FHQLOD COGH@ GCQHKD PE DL[ZQN D[ZG PLHTQ
RLOHJ KJ HOLCH GQGDG LFZGO ML[Y DL[ZQN D[Z HD GU PLHTQ RLSU L [ID PE [QHO L
RDHQH L [ Q E O DL[ZQN D[ZG PHQ OUDD COC DL[ZQG OUH D[ZG OU GHFZ ML[Y L[G OHTW
]QC ]W ]H[IO GQHFH L[QEO DL[ZQN D[Z HD GU CO JLNHL CQK GI LWO
> FQ ]H[HNDD OCUQL LD[O HLNC HJ[QS MC JH[Q RHEN@ GQGDD OTHW HSLC PHQ [QC] PCH
D[Z HD GU PHQ P Q CLG CN[LWG [QHO RLCH GFHDU OOJQH DL[ZQN D[Z HD GUD CO JLNHL
H]JS CO RCN ODC ML[WF H[QC [QHO LYQ] PC D Z[H@ ML[W CO DHL P H[QC ROGO L[G DL[ZQN
>MND RHFO
EQ