RHLUO PLZ[W LC[H PLSHLY
HSQQ HYJ[H [QCS HD RLFZQ RLC HSQQ PLSGN GUD[C FZO LFN HD RLC [HLN ON DU
COC PLCHOLQO LSLQG PHLD QL CO HSLD[ GQ [CHDQ L[Q HLSDH R[GCH GQ
GKL U PNTHQ [DFG RLCH > PLCHOLQG LQL ]UD DZ ROGO RHOG ]HKWNH@ FDOD PLQLG ]UDD
RGNG DH LFHZW ][W RDQ[H L[ GKLG OU GQ] GQD GC]LO] ELG FZQ ]CLD L[IU LDC GC[H ]YDHZQ
L C M[N VHTD PLFZ GQ ]H[EC MOLCH HN QU E CQHL GUF RSHJ ]NTQG VHTD CFSO OCZIJL [EG ]HGEG
HFLZG ][HY ]HFHC CN ROGO CDHQD U
]LSQLG HOE[ LDE OU ]LSQLG HFL JLSQ HFLZ ]HYQ FYLN
[JC LON ]HUYQCD HC HD PLSZ]HQG PLFFG ]JL]W LFL OU ]H[LL [HLNG RQ PC
IKG GQ] [DNH GFLQU GSLC FYG RQ GFLQU CQZ CS]N GNOGH HGLSLD CNLC FYG RQ GFLQU
P C[EG RNCH GFLQU ]DJS GNLQT LU GFLQU P CQ[G ZTW GQ OU RCNQ IL QHJ
GFLQU HI RLC IKG PU HQLNTG DZT CQZ PG[DCREQGH
GF HT[ DL[G ]H UUH GSZ IJ LHOG KD ]H ILZ LL ]LD U PLWU]TQG PLSLSU [CDH CQ[G L[DF DHLDH
VC FHUH
GQN ]UF COC "][O DL]N CG "]LSZL[ GCLDC ]LSZL[ GCLDC HOLWC CSLQC GHG
]UFH ONLGG MH]O HOLWC ]LSZL[ GCLD OU C]L[HCF DHLJ RLC FHUH EW RL[FGST TH]U PLSHC[GQ
[UD@ RSD[FQ COC HSLC ONLGD ]LSZL[ GCLDD [ H T L C G HOLWC EU ]O YQGTDH LSLQ [FTD RDQ[G
[GIHQ HSLC RDQ[G NQH ]U OND CDL OC PHQ C]L[HCFQ [GIHQ ONLGD RDQ[G ]UFD D]N FL FZQG LON MOQG
POHCH UYH [GIHQ HSLC ONLGO VC GC[S LSLQ [FTD RDQ[G L[DF KWQ POHCH JDIQOH POHCG RLD Z[ HSLLG G[H]GQ
OC GLED [DHFQ RCNH ]LSZL[ GCLD OU [HL XHJ[ HSLC DLLJ ONLGD G CQHL TH]D CDYL[G ]UF
JDIQG
J[G ][HFGQ FN ]HHYQG [WTDH CWT PLON GSQG H[WDH FL FZQG LON OGD HL[DF LWU HD]N PDQ[G ]UFDH
G[GIC COC G]LQ HD RLC H]KLO MC PLOE[H PLFL HFLZ COD PO TSNLO [HTC G[H]G RQ [OG
PLFZ QEC JW MHSLJ ]JSQ FL FZQG LON MOQG [U CNI G[LJDG ]LD THZ[HZ L[GQ LSLQ RDQ[ U CQOUD
L
KO ]HHYQG T[KSHZ GJ LHOG KD EE PLJDI CHIJ UUH
N VF
ODC HOTWL HGQ [HLN LQ PLOE[H PLFL HFLZD ]OUHQ GSLO RLC [QHCG L[DFO CWOLC LUD
P]ED DH]NG RQ CHG LD[ O HQUK LWUCH GSLOD PLQG PLOTWS LCFH ]OUHQ GSLO LD[ ]UFO
[HLNG LQ PE H]KLO PHL OND FZO GHYQ RHLN C[QEG G[DT GFJ GLE ]C[ZS PHL ONDH
JDIQG OU [KZLGO PSLF PL[HQLCGH PLYQZG PNH PFJO ML[Y PHL ONDH PQHLO PHL OND PLUS
[HLNG LQ PE MN GSLOD PLOTWS PQHLD
CS
]UF VTHL
CZHFD PHL ONO ]NLLG GHYQ HI RLC RN PC PHL OND HFLZD M[HY RLC RHUQ [D [IUOC [O NCQ
ZW]TGO PHZQ L ]CI ONDH RQI PGD UHDZO HSO RLSQ [HLN LQD ]OTHW GSLO FJO HSO RLC MNOG
FE PLJDI LC RHIJ PQHLD COC R]HHYQ RLCH PL[DLCH GJSQN PSLF CGL CQ H]KLO
]OUHQ GSLOG RLC PEG LD[O C]L[HCFQ P]OTHW PLQG ]SLO TH]GN COF LLDC COC GF DUD L[D [CHDQG LWO
HFLZ ]N[YG RLSUO RLFG VU]TQ GIQH GSLOD PLQG OHTWD CHG GOCG FHTL G[HCNO GC[S LLDCO RSD[FQ COC HFLZO
]C HOTW PLQNJ [D]TQ NCH FDOD FJC PHLO PLFUHLQ [HLND PLQG L[G GSLOD PLOTWS PLQGH ]HLG [DT LD[ [ZHDD
HFLZO PLQG OHTW RLD ]HHGO J[NG RLC [DT [DC[H OHQ]CF HFLZG
CLG RHUQ LD[D [IUOC LD[ POHUO [QC CD[ CLG RSD[F GSLOH LD[O POHUO LLDC [QC
ON RHLNH HZ MHSLJ ]JSQ G[HC R[Z OLUO CDHQN P]EDQ LD[ O HQUK RLC LLDC ]UFO PL[QHC L
PCH G[H]G RQ CHG LD[ O HSLF CD[O POHCH GFHDU OOLJ CO FDU PC MNOG RSD[FQ COC HSLC HSLF
FZQ ]CLD L[IU LDC [WTD D]N DHLNH LLDC FESN CD[N GNOGH G]LQ DLLJH OOLJ HFLZ COO FDU
KG GC]LO]
OLUO HFQO HQN CHG G[H]G RQ HFLZ GSHUK GFJ GLE RLFG [ZLU LLDCO VC HD]N LH
GSLO GI COC G[H]G RQ FZO ML[YH GFJ GLE HI L[G PHLG ]HFHDU PLOLJ]QNH P]EDQ
FZG ][GK [WTD U RSD[F RLF HGI ]OTHW [JG ]HOUD
RFG ]QH[] RHEN [JG ]HOU PFHZ ][JQG PHL ]FHDU FHDUO CDG RGN LD[F CDLOC LLDCO C[QHJ ILWO CYL G[HCNOH
RLC [CHDQ [HLN GF CN ROGO TH]D MC GFJ GLE HI L[G GFHDUD ZHTU CHG PEG G[H]G RQ HLFL FZO ML[Y
RLC CDKL[G D]N POHCH CLG GOLO ]FHDU COC PHLG ]FHDU ]OLJ] ]C[ZS GSLC RFG ]QH[] DN CQHL UH@ RN [DFG
FZO ML[Y RLC RFG ]QH[]O HLFL FLZ MNO PHLG ]FHDU ]OJ] CLG IN P H[QC HQNH ]QCG LWO COH LHJLF COC GI
]LD OG PLSHC[ ]SQ H[WTD OYI L[CD L[EG [DFD RF RNH ]HNL[CD GENZ QU P GUF RSHJ [WTD UUH [JQO
C ]HC JG G[LJDG
GOTW CO GSLO [QHO LYQ] PC "PLOE[H PLFL HFLZD OLUH] HGQ GCLYL HGO CLUDLC DU
GLG G[HCNO G[W UQ C] GL]UF JTQ LJHTC L[WF GCLYL ODC L[W COF
]UFO ODC [D [IUOC LD[O [QHON GOTW CO GSLO [QHO LYQ] PC D COC HSLC ZWTG UQQD
]YDHZQ GKLD D]N RNH RN PE GCLYL LCFH ]OTHW GSLO LD[
ZWT COC HSLC D]N GCLYL RLSUO NWUCH [HL HFLZ GNL[YQ GSLO LD[N ZTW PDQ[G POHCH
HH[LW COC O]C [CN HSLC RCND [QHO LYQ] PC GI LWOH LD[F CDLOC PE MLL ZWTG L[G
]UFQ CLYHGOH@ ZW]TGO L RN PE [DC[N [QHO LYQ] PC HOLWCH ZW]TGO L LCFH LD[O MN
>]OTHW GSLC GCLYL PE LCFH ]OTHW GSLO RLC [DC[O CD CQHL LQOH[LG
L COG FHUH LD[F CDLOC CLG ]HJFO L COGH C]LL[DG L[DFQ FLDI D[ KW GQQ UQQ RNH
TH]U GCLYLD COH GSLOD PLOTWS PL[DF GQN
GFH] JDI DLYSG LHFJ LWU PLOE[H PLFL HFLZO OLUH] HGQ GCQHK MHQTD CLUDD [WO ML[Y RNH
FG GC]LO] FZQ ]CLD L[IU LDC DLCLG CJ LHOG ]LD UUH
GZQ GQ RN PC ]HCLYQD ]UFG JTG PHQ Z[ CHG PLOE[H PLFL HFLZ RHUK GI [QHO RLC
JTG COC XHJD G]LLU PHZQD FZL PC ]UFG JTG OON RLC XHJD G]LLU RHLN GD[FC G[WQ
DS
N VF t PLJDI
X[]QH G[WQ GZQ MNOH ]UFG JTG RLC RWHCD PE CHG UHDZ RLF MC RLFO G D L T Z[ GHGQ ]UFG
TI[EG LHFJ UH IL[EG LWU XHJD GLUQH OLCHG GSH RLF UDZS P
HSLC LCFH P COGH RGNG ]C PLCQKQ HLG GQHFC G[WQ CN C[QED HKW CQKSN MHQTD ZWTG RLSUO [QHO L RNH
GLG PC HQYUO DYQ OND PLSF RLC LCFH COC PLFZ RCYD GZG LWNH GSHHND HGHCQK LN G[WG ]HFHDUQ H]UF JLTQ
HCO PC ]UF JTG HD
C[ZLUQ HSZ] CO [QHO ML[YH HFLZ ML[Y RLC XHJD K U Q GGH GFHDU ]UD CYL PC ON GFD TH]G HD]N QQH
HCO PC JLTG PC HZOLJ CO HSZ] PHZQD POHC CF RHEND
][LQQ H]UF JLTG COH HQYU M[HYO COH GFHDUG M[HYO CYHL ON L[ ]KLD DLYSG D]N TH]G L[DFO GQHFDH
]LD U JLTG COO ]UF JLTG RLD ZOJO PHZQ RLC L[ ]KLO H[W PLSH[JC GQN MC [HLZ RHUK HSLC GFHDUO HLFL
FG FZQ ]CLD DJ PLSHC[ ]SQ DZUL ]HOGZ G CJ LHOG
]JSQD D]N RNH F EG PDQ[G L[DFQ UHQO D]N RNH EHOW CO F OHTW RWHC OND CQ [DFD ZW]TG GFH] JDI DH
FZO ML[Y RLSU OND PDQ[G ]UFD HHZ MHSLJ
RLD ZHOLJ L PDQ[GO PE [WC ]HCLYL [CD COH HFLZ RHUK PLQ OLKQG ON Z[ UQQ TH]G ]LLC[O [CDH
COC M[HY RLC PLQ ]OKGD H[QC GOLDK RHUK HLOE[ MTLQQ LZHWCO COC CHG CZHF HCOF OL HC GDH[QO ]KUHQ GLLG
]HQHZQ GQND RSL[QC DHLNH LCFHG [DFG KZS MNOH GFDO GCLYLD OWTQ GLWHE CS]F OL FHUH HFLZD
JLTG PCH GFH] JDI HZ MHSLJ ]JSQ CQ]TD C[QEG ZWTH HFLZ RHUK ZWT RLC H]UF JLTG ]HCFHD UFHL PCH
RQ HFLZ ML[YGO C[QEG ZWT PC ILWO UYH@ G]LQ DLLJH GFHDU OOLJ MHSLJ ]JSQD D]N VSHKQ PHZQD UES HC H]UF
RSD[FQ COC FZO ML[Y HSLC ]UF JLTG GC[S D]N FZQ ]CLD OG KLDQO [WT ]L[ZD POHCH >RSD[FQ HC G[H]G
]L[J O GLED COC DLLJ HSLC G[H]G RQ ODC
]HQHZQD UES RHLN HFLZ RHUK COGH GYLYJ PHQ L PCG HZLJ MH]O HFL TLSNG KL OLUO HZW]TS GQD [LUGO LH
ONN PFHZQ HQYU XJ[ RGND [DHFQ OLH >U [LHCG FYQ GLO ZHWL] IC LN HWHED UES CO [QHO ZJHFH@ PLTHNQG
FHU LZS PHZQD UES PC PE GOLKS DLLJ RWHC OND GOLW] RLSUO CL POHCH VHSLKD GULES RCN RLC MNOH GFHDUO CDG
PLTHNQG ]HQHZQD GULES PHQ CFLWZ RLC [WC GIDH HFL DED H[DD UES OL
PLFL HFLZ [CHDQ GOHTW H]FHDU XHJD ][ LOND FLZ PLSWD ][ LOND FZQ
GGT FW CQHL LQOH[LDH G[IUD CZHF MC [HLND CZHF HCOH ][ LON OND H]HUO [N PLOE[H
MHQ JDIQGH FUHQ OGHC RLD CZHF ]HUGO HFLZG ML[Y [QHON DNUQ HSNH [HLNG PHZQ H[QC
PH[F LWON CUQLZ
PLQ H D ]]SH DL]N RLCH PLQ G Q R]LH PLQ G Q ]]SH H]LLUDH [HLNG LHHLYD DH]N HGIH
MQ PGQ FZO [N [JC LOND PLSH]S PLQG PC VC LN HQYU LONG CO ODC DNUQ PHZQG Z[ [QHO
C] L[ GQNJ
PLSW OU COC GSLC CDHNLUO GFWZGG H]UFH MN OU ELG DKO PLFZG T[KSHZ GJ LHOG KD [WTDH
G[IUG MH]D PLLHTQ PHZQ OU COH HS]LEHTD [CHDQN XHJH
UQQ LWN@ RFDO HLOE[H HLFL ]OLDKD Z[ CO GOHTW H]FHDU FDUH G[UQ LQD ODK HC
H]FHDU ]C OTHW FLZ CO ON HWHE ON ODK PC PE COC >CN ROGO C[QEGQH PDQ[G RHOQ
CO C[DEF RHLN CQKS RGN RLSUO MHQTD H[QC GQQ UQQ RNH FHJO [HL HFLZH FHJO GOLDKG
RLC HSLSWO L[G VSHKQ PHZQD GOLDK PFHZ UES CQ PLHJ [QHON GL]UF JTQ LJHTC LIJ
HFLZ PHZQD GOLDK GOLUHQ
ES
]UF VTHL
HLFL ][LQD [GIS HOLWCH [HL HFLZ PE ML[Y GC[S GOLDK RHUK HLOE[ MTLQG ON H[QCN RNH
[CS L[G OOLJ CO FDULFD GI LWO MC H]UF JLTQ COG GFHDUO LHC[ HSLCH GOLDK ML[Y RHLN
GFH] JDI UYH ZWTD [DFG
GOLDKG ]LDQ RGNG GOU HOLWC G ZZJ GZHJ POHU ZJ [HLN ][WD DH]N MNO D]N C] ZG PLLJG [HC [WTD RNH
GOLDK HO OLUH] COH G]LQD HSLF L[G XJ[ CO PC G[HQJ GCQHK ONQ [GKSH
CN VF
KWS CO CSZTQO HNH]D COH CSQJ[ [QC HSQQ [HLND HLOE[ HLFL FZO HGQ HGO CLUDLC
[CS LSWQ@ OOLJ CO FDUH FLZ PCH HNH]D FZO RLC LG FZQ ]CLD PDQ[G ZTWH ZWTG
>QND PDQ[G M[FNH JHZ MHSLJ ]JSQ ZWTQ GFHDUG OHTWO RLCH ZWTD [DFG
PC VC@ PLQ O LON MH]O HLFL TLSNG PC GFHUTO PLFL ]OLKS ]HFHC RCNQ HFQO PLSHC[G RQ L
HFLZO GOLKSG ]SZ] HHG LWO GOLDK HO G]OU CO >GOLKSD M[YSG C[DE JN N ]CI DLJS
CG CLG DH]NG ][IE [HLND CZHF MWGO HD]N LH HNH]D COH HSQQ P DL]NH [HLNG RQ PLFL
GLG CO L[G > GOLDK RLFQ COH@ CLG GYLJ[ OOND [WC VCH LOND FLG ]OLDK GOLUHQ CQOUD
]H IZ RLOHJ PLSHC[ ]HN[D OG EGD U CYL CO HYJ[H LFLQ ODC HSQQ DH]N PHQ COC C[QED ZWT
UHD ]HCDHQ ]HUFG L]H FHUH ]HN[D GSHL HSD[ HJQ C[G ]H >FYZ ]HTJHLQ D GOWNSH@ CYZ CJ CD[G
P PLZTHWDH JKSZ JHC
[WC GOLKSD PE LCFH PLOE[H PLFL HFLZ RLSUO HZW]TS GOLJ]D PSQC LN PL[LQJQG ]UF [W KKSZ JDUH
RD ]HGEGD RLDG LWN@ ZWTG KWS H]SHHN RLCH GOLKSO RLFG CHG HNH]D PLFZQ RLC CLEHTG ]SZTQO ODC OLUHQ
]OLKS PLQNJ HSZ]N MNOG GOLJ]NO PLFZQ RLCH ZWTG KWS CO RHLN COC >MN OU GQ]H ]HN[D OG EGD OU GL[C
GUQO HNH]D PLFZQ RLCF [HLNF CLQHF HNH]D COH CZHF LONG RQ OHKLO HSZ] PLFL
PLUD[C O PLQ GHZQD PLFL ]OLDK RHENH HHHG [DF ONO CO PLOE[H PLFL HFLZO GOLKS RLF PLZTHWG HHG LW OU VC
GOLKSQ GWLFU GOLDK D]N LQ L VCH NFL KSZ JHCD U ]HUFG ONO GFHUTO GOLUHQ RLUQD HC PLD HC GCT
UYH PLZTHWD CDHQ HSLCH FSZ OL[GQ ]H LOND OHKLOQ [GSD HLFL OHDKO VLFU LONH [GS HLSWO LH OHNCO CDGH
RCN [HWQN GHZQD FLG ]OLDK GOLUHQ RLC HFLZ RLSUO PEG J FHL CJ PLOUW D[ ]H UUH
IZ RLOHJ GJQ [LCQ [ LHFJD UUH LKSQ [HQJ GFHDUO HFLZ HZ RLOHJD [CHDQ GOLKSG PHZQ RLSUO RNH
GC[S G[HCNOH OHTW CSHHE LCG LN GOLKSD C[DE JNQ PLQG HCD CO RWHCD PLOE[H PLFL HFLZO [N PCG RLLUO LH
O[GQN COF [ZLUO P KZS RNH NZT KSZ PG[DC REQD PLCDHQ GFHECGH LNF[QG ]UFO L[G [N HFLZG JLNHGO
GNLWG ON TJLLO ]JC GJL]WD LF RLCH JHOLZH JHOLZ OND HJ]WOH H[ETO ML[Y LON O I[D LU HLFL OKHSG EQT PD
I[DG ]JL]W LU GUS GLG HFLZG GC[SNH G[LJDG ]LD OGQ EWT PDQ[ U PLFF DL HSLZ]G [HLND L[GH HJNQ GCDN
PLOLE[ HLG HSUQ CO MC JFHZ GF DN TH]UH PLFZQ HLG PGQH PL[JC PLONO [HLNG RQ PLNWH HLG [QHO L PSQCH@
RN HU GC[S RLC KL OLUO CLEHTG ]HKWQ GD[FC JHOLZ OND [HETOH JH]WO M[KYL HSLYQ COH >[LF] RN ]HUO
HFDO FZQG COC P GLG CO PL]UO H[LDJ GF TH]D U RN GU H[DJ UQQ CO PE HLOE[ OU HLFL JLSG L[G
PDQ[G RNH HQU LC RLCH PLOE[H PLFL FZO TSNS RFG ]QH[] P[H]G JN FLQ] ]SQD [HWQ RNH [JC PFC COO
PLFL ]OLKSDN CO PLOE[H PLFL HFLZD C[DE JN RLF RLC UQQ PL[DFG P]T IKG QCLD
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