HLFL ][LQD [GIS HOLWCH [HL HFLZ PE ML[Y GC[S GOLDK RHUK HLOE[ MTLQG ON H[QCN RNH
[CS L[G OOLJ CO FDULFD GI LWO MC H]UF JLTQ COG GFHDUO LHC[ HSLCH GOLDK ML[Y RHLN
GFH] JDI UYH ZWTD [DFG
GOLDKG ]LDQ RGNG GOU HOLWC G ZZJ GZHJ POHU ZJ [HLN ][WD DH]N MNO D]N C] ZG PLLJG [HC [WTD RNH
GOLDK HO OLUH] COH G]LQD HSLF L[G XJ[ CO PC G[HQJ GCQHK ONQ [GKSH
CN VF
KWS CO CSZTQO HNH]D COH CSQJ[ [QC HSQQ [HLND HLOE[ HLFL FZO HGQ HGO CLUDLC
[CS LSWQ@ OOLJ CO FDUH FLZ PCH HNH]D FZO RLC LG FZQ ]CLD PDQ[G ZTWH ZWTG
>QND PDQ[G M[FNH JHZ MHSLJ ]JSQ ZWTQ GFHDUG OHTWO RLCH ZWTD [DFG
PC VC@ PLQ O LON MH]O HLFL TLSNG PC GFHUTO PLFL ]OLKS ]HFHC RCNQ HFQO PLSHC[G RQ L
HFLZO GOLKSG ]SZ] HHG LWO GOLDK HO G]OU CO >GOLKSD M[YSG C[DE JN N ]CI DLJS
CG CLG DH]NG ][IE [HLND CZHF MWGO HD]N LH HNH]D COH HSQQ P DL]NH [HLNG RQ PLFL
GLG CO L[G > GOLDK RLFQ COH@ CLG GYLJ[ OOND [WC VCH LOND FLG ]OLDK GOLUHQ CQOUD
]H IZ RLOHJ PLSHC[ ]HN[D OG EGD U CYL CO HYJ[H LFLQ ODC HSQQ DH]N PHQ COC C[QED ZWT
UHD ]HCDHQ ]HUFG L]H FHUH ]HN[D GSHL HSD[ HJQ C[G ]H >FYZ ]HTJHLQ D GOWNSH@ CYZ CJ CD[G
P PLZTHWDH JKSZ JHC
[WC GOLKSD PE LCFH PLOE[H PLFL HFLZ RLSUO HZW]TS GOLJ]D PSQC LN PL[LQJQG ]UF [W KKSZ JDUH
RD ]HGEGD RLDG LWN@ ZWTG KWS H]SHHN RLCH GOLKSO RLFG CHG HNH]D PLFZQ RLC CLEHTG ]SZTQO ODC OLUHQ
]OLKS PLQNJ HSZ]N MNOG GOLJ]NO PLFZQ RLCH ZWTG KWS CO RHLN COC >MN OU GQ]H ]HN[D OG EGD OU GL[C
GUQO HNH]D PLFZQ RLCF [HLNF CLQHF HNH]D COH CZHF LONG RQ OHKLO HSZ] PLFL
PLUD[C O PLQ GHZQD PLFL ]OLDK RHENH HHHG [DF ONO CO PLOE[H PLFL HFLZO GOLKS RLF PLZTHWG HHG LW OU VC
GOLKSQ GWLFU GOLDK D]N LQ L VCH NFL KSZ JHCD U ]HUFG ONO GFHUTO GOLUHQ RLUQD HC PLD HC GCT
UYH PLZTHWD CDHQ HSLCH FSZ OL[GQ ]H LOND OHKLOQ [GSD HLFL OHDKO VLFU LONH [GS HLSWO LH OHNCO CDGH
RCN [HWQN GHZQD FLG ]OLDK GOLUHQ RLC HFLZ RLSUO PEG J FHL CJ PLOUW D[ ]H UUH
IZ RLOHJ GJQ [LCQ [ LHFJD UUH LKSQ [HQJ GFHDUO HFLZ HZ RLOHJD [CHDQ GOLKSG PHZQ RLSUO RNH
GC[S G[HCNOH OHTW CSHHE LCG LN GOLKSD C[DE JNQ PLQG HCD CO RWHCD PLOE[H PLFL HFLZO [N PCG RLLUO LH
O[GQN COF [ZLUO P KZS RNH NZT KSZ PG[DC REQD PLCDHQ GFHECGH LNF[QG ]UFO L[G [N HFLZG JLNHGO
GNLWG ON TJLLO ]JC GJL]WD LF RLCH JHOLZH JHOLZ OND HJ]WOH H[ETO ML[Y LON O I[D LU HLFL OKHSG EQT PD
I[DG ]JL]W LU GUS GLG HFLZG GC[SNH G[LJDG ]LD OGQ EWT PDQ[ U PLFF DL HSLZ]G [HLND L[GH HJNQ GCDN
PLOLE[ HLG HSUQ CO MC JFHZ GF DN TH]UH PLFZQ HLG PGQH PL[JC PLONO [HLNG RQ PLNWH HLG [QHO L PSQCH@
RN HU GC[S RLC KL OLUO CLEHTG ]HKWQ GD[FC JHOLZ OND [HETOH JH]WO M[KYL HSLYQ COH >[LF] RN ]HUO
HFDO FZQG COC P GLG CO PL]UO H[LDJ GF TH]D U RN GU H[DJ UQQ CO PE HLOE[ OU HLFL JLSG L[G
PDQ[G RNH HQU LC RLCH PLOE[H PLFL FZO TSNS RFG ]QH[] P[H]G JN FLQ] ]SQD [HWQ RNH [JC PFC COO
PLFL ]OLKSDN CO PLOE[H PLFL HFLZD C[DE JN RLF RLC UQQ PL[DFG P]T IKG QCLD
FS
CN VF t PLJDI
GFHECGH LNF[QG [WC MC LKSQ []HL OZ HFLZ [QHO GQL] C[DTQ HKZS RLD GF DN TH]D LN [DFD UY MC
JNHQ CGL ILWO COC PLQLHTQ PL[DFD GOLKSQ OZ HFLZG PFLFOH TH]GN PL[DHT PSLC JHOLZ ONO GJL]W PLNL[YQG
JHOLZH JHOLZ OND PFC JND M[HY RLC O[GQG ]KLN TH]GQ
GLG RGNGNH RKQOQ PL[YH ROUQOQ PLDU [HLNG ]L]J]D PLSZ]HQ HLG PLFF P]HC GC[S [DFD RHFO PHZQ L FHU
PFC JN HSL GI RWHCD [QHO LH C] ]HL[WG [WT [ [HLNG RQ PLQG HCYLH GOUQO FFG ]C VJHF GLG OE[H FL FZQ
[WCH J]WG ]C ]U OND J]HW CHG HJND CYQS HLOCQ DZSG P]TLLH FFG OHWL FFG ]C H]DLIU ]UD L[G ]UG OND
CSLFO UYH JHOLZH JHOLZ OND GFJ GJL]WD M[HY RLC GFHQ CEQG PE GID
H]DH] HIH CKLO LZTDLSZ J[EG LSWO D]NQD PL[DFG L[ZLU ]C L]EYG
DT FL LT R]LC OJSD NQUH LONGQ RLOKHSH LONO [HLNGQ PLNWH HLG PLSHC[G DH[ ]UF GQHFQN
FZT
HGOUQ RLC DH HUZ RHLN [HLN PL[DCN PL[DCO RL[L]QN RL[L]QO RLOTWS [HLN LQ
GOLOG MQD UE[H UE[ OND PLLZ RL[L]QD GSLO OHTW [HLN LQ GF L[D [HWQ RNH RCN [CHDQ
PLOTWS PSLC PL[DCD GSLO OHTWO GQHF HSLCH HOTWS GOLOD FJC UE[ UZHQ GLG CO [HLNG PC
[JG ]HOUD > GSLO P GOLUHQ RLC@ JDIQG OU PLJSHQ PL[DCG HLG PC RNO [JG ]HOUD COC
PSLC PHZQD GQJG ]ULZD HCYQLL PC PE PL[L]Q G RN CO HOTWS CO RNQ [JCO HF[L PC PE
GSLOD HOTWS PLOTWS PHZQD GOLOG MQD MN [JC HLG PC PLOTWS
HOLCH GOLOG VHTD OJ OHTWG L[G [ZDO RLO] COQ H[HZQ PL[HQLCD GSLO OHTW LWO [DFG PUKH
HJDI ]C HDL[ZG PHLDQ H[HZQ GQJG ]ULZD RL[L]Q [CH PF OHTW ODC GI OHTW MLL RLC PHLD
RQ HDL[ GULZG ]OLJ]Q [DN VCH@ GI OOND GOLOG ON RN PC DL[ZQ G]C JDHI G]C PHLD ONCL
J DJ PL[LQ DDHF ]H FJC PHLD GJLDIH GD[ZG RLC RHLN >OHTWO DH]NG
GQKL PLJDI LC RHIJD GDJ[GD U GI ZHOLJ [HCDD FHU
GLOZ CQ]LOF LNLG LN GL][QHJD GLO UZQF CSL[JC CSLO COEOLED GLO UZQ DU
UQS GLG CQZ CSOO TH]GOH GSH RHOG Z[ RSLSUD MG HSLLG ]HSHOG L] L[WO
HUHZLD PE UQS OHZG GLG C[]D CSOOH OEOED PLQG RQ H]HOUGD Z[ OHZG
GSLOD HLQLQ HOTWLL CO LFN [HLNO HSLZ]G LONG ]HGQ OU HZOJS ]HSHOG L] [W LQ LH
FDC[H L[ H[W HQN@ [HLNG ]C HD PLUZQ OEOEO GSHHNG PCG RLKZ RD GU LSNHQ G CHG
MHQTD HC HDLDTQ HC [HLNG OUQ JSHQ GLG FZ]S CO VTHS LON CHG CQ HC >G[LJDG ]LD OGQ EWT
OHJ LON HU GSLOD MN PHQ HOTWLLH HFZ]L CO PLQG LFNH ]U OND PLSH]S PLQG HLG HDH HLOC
H[LWD FHU HO UH P PDQ[G [W RN@ [HLNO LON H]HCQ PLQG ]C PL[LDUQ HLG M[HYG ]UOH CZHFD
FHF FL UH R]S ZJ LWU RCN H[QC C][QHJ G HGIH >P QTND UH JQ EW PH FLQ]F CWT GSQG
PLFL[HQ HLG OEOED HLG FJL PE PL[DFG LS G FZQG LON ]HNOGD HL[DF LWUH P FLQ]D PDQ[G H[W LWU GC[SH
[HLNO HUZQ GLG [QHON GL][QHJD GLO UZQF GSHHNG HI GC[SNH [HDG RQ PLQG ]C PLOHFH OHJ O VTHSG LONG ]C
ZHJ[QO POHZ UQS PUHZL ]UD GI PU GI P]ZGH [HLNG MHNLJ LUH VTHSG LONG PU
CKLO OYSDS C[EG ]CQ GI RLSUD PL[DF ]WTH] FHU GSG
FDC[GO RNH LSNHQ HO HUQ HSLLG LSNHQ GF IO CQHL L[O HUZ
OGQ E WD HZOJS RNH ONLQ RHOQ PDQ[GOH GSHNQ RHOQ CHG LSNHQ L[OH RNO PFHZ PDQ[GOH
GG PLON
JL E G[LJDG ]LD
GS
]UF VTHL
FLZ PC FDULFD GC[S HD RLFZQ RLC HSQQ PLSGN GUD[C FZO LFN HD RLC [HLN ON
ROGO ]QC ]WD QNH GFH] JDI DNUQ HSLC RKZ LONQ
PSHONH PD]NN
L GN[DD PLFL ]OLKS RLSUO ]LD[UH GJSQG ]OLW]Q [JG ]OLW] CS LCQ OC] PCH
HQNH M]SHQC GD[ PL[ZDO PLFJ ENE GNLC DL]NF GFJ GL[DN PLUS HSC [JD LWO [QHO
H][O HFHDNO HSC[D OU M[D]L HO ]HFHGO HSC RLNL[YH JE [NLC [FQD OI PGO CD
MNLWOH [ZHDH [ZHD OND RLN[DQ HSC ]HN[D R]HC ON [JD HSZ] GI [DF OUH HQD M[DOH
PFHZ [HLNG RQ HLFL FZQ RGNN LONG RQ HSLFL OHKLOH H]HFZD FZ]GO RLNL[Y HSC
JO[ ZLFYG ]ZFY UUH JHC L[ LDD CDHGH FYZ ]HTJHLQ D OWNSH CYZ CJ CD[G ]H H]FHDU
[QCS HQN@ GI OU G[HQ GYLJ[ LN GULES ][TGH ZHOLT RLSU CHG [HLNGQ PLSGNG ]YLJ[ RLSU
PH PGO RLC H[QC CHGH HNW CO HSLFL H[QCH LSZI HYJ[H HCN PL[DF GWH[U GOEU OYC
H]UF OKDQH H]ULES [LTL HSLLG GYLJ[O M[YHG FDHUG RGNG PEH >GUQG GID ZOJH GULES
XWJ LG GQ Z[ FDHU HSLC HSLLG LG FES HSHY[H
ZHTUO PFCG OLJ]L PFHZ RN PE CHG GFHUT PFHZH ]L[J HSLFL OHKLO HSLHKYS [C RNH
RHY[ FES HJ CHG GIGPOHUG LSLSUQ [DF HFLO CHDL PCD LGO GOLW] ML[Y VHEG LN[YD
DHK RN PE CYQS []LG [DFD PE VCH GIQ H]HC] ]C [LTLH OHKL LGQ ZDQ CHG IC LG
[DFG GOES IC G[LDU GULH GIG JND MN [JC MOLH []LG [DF PFCG ONCL PCD LN HNHWLGH
CO [DF OND LGO GOLW] CHG GYLJ[G CHG GI OUH [DFG GID DHKG JN ODLZ CO LN
GS[LL CO GLOU GS]Q [JC PHZQQ PFCO HO GCDG GOJS LN CYQS DHKG JN Z[ ODZL
OU Z[ OOW]S CO HSLLG ]HSD[ZG ][W PFHZH GOLW]G PFHZ [HLNG ][W [QHO HUDZ GIOH
H ZLFYG ]ZFY UUH C] JHOLG LQ XWJ LG GQ
DN VF
MD)TG
r
FU HLOE[H Z[WG FU HLFL FZO ]LUQ ]H[WC RLC LW OU VC ]LULD[ RGD RLC RLD
[HUL HSFQOO COC C]LL[DG GCD CO ]LULD[Q G]HJWG ]HQND CD PLFL C]WTH] U DZUG PYU OUQ [DG
GFH] JDI LWU HFLZG ]QOGO PLWTHS PLQ OHKLO M[KYL RNC LONG JWS
]JS [HLN DH]N MNQ [WO GC[S [JC [DFO COH HL]ZG ]JSO ]JS [HLN ]LUH
]W > ]YZ RHLU ML[Y L[LWH @ GH PSLF RLC UQQ ]JS HSNH [HLN DH]NO LF GLGH ]JS HSNH
]QC
[HUL HSLC H[QC GI [HUL UQQ RCNQ PLSGN GUD[C HFLZ [HULO [HLN LQO PLOQ
HFLZG ]UD [HLND ]HLGO ]N[YSG PLQG ]HQND COC LONG JWSD
HS