LQ PLSHC[G RLD H[LWD HSCYQ CO@ ONG RLD ]LIN ]OLNCD LF PLSH[JCG PLZTHWG HD]N GNOGO
PE OLUHQ I[HCDH PLKLJD PLSH[JC HD]NH >FDOD FDC[D COC REF ]LIN H]OLNCD CGL ML[YQ
D[HUQ REF ]LIN CGL ML[Y PL[QHC LH >OSG RDQ[G ]KLNH@ T[W LFND D[HUQ REF ]LIN RLCN
MHQTO L ZJFG ]UDH HI C[DTN G[H] OD [LQJGO RHNS GOLJ]NOH >FHUH J[G ]KLN@ T[W LFND
FLZT ES] DSQ GSHC[ C[DT OU
PL[QHC L I[HCH PL[HU HC RJHFH RLKLJ RHEN ]HDH[U] [CD ODC [HQCN I[HCDH PLKLJD GI ONH
I[HCG RQ GDH[Q REFG PC COC H]DHJ LFL CYHL RLC PL[LQJQ LH T[W MH]D REF ]LIN CZHF ML[Y
[L L[U [WTDH P DSQ GSH[JC C[DTN [LQJGO RHNS GOLJ]NOH DH[D OKD I[HCG IC RJHFG HC
GSH[JC GN[D RLSUO J[ C[EGDH UHD QNH R[G ]UF GN D]NH FDC[G ]KL LWU [LQJGO GID FFY IKE
CGL ML[Y COC REFN ]HLGO GNWGS CO ]LSKZG ONGQ ]LIN ]OLNCD LF RLC REF DH[ CGL PC PE
CLEHTD TH]H L[ ]ZHOJQD [DFG GO]H REFG RQ ]LIN H]OLNCD
CD[ [QC MNH CLEHTG ]SZTQ MN CDH[D HSLQD RLQ CQUKD HSLQ HSLCD RLQ COC DU
LFND ]LIN HD L PCH OON OKD HSLC PUK R]HSD L PC HSLQ HSLCD RLQ ]DH[U] KU
GOHFE ]HQND D[U]S [HTLCG RQ ]LIN [CN PE D PHLOHDK [G ]UFOH@ HLOU RLZHO T[W ]OLNC
RQ ]LIN ONC T[W ]OLNC RQI MQD MN [GQ ONC PC PUK R]LO HD LH T[W ]OLNC Q []HL
>ROGOFN PDQ[G ]UF RN RLCH GZHO [HTLCG
FDOD PUKD HGI KYJY RLOHJ RDQ[ L[ G[H]G RQ HSLC [ZLUN PUK PLSHC[G ]KLO PEH
HQQH HQUKD ODC HSQQ CYHG MN [JCH PUK HD R]SH []GD OHD [HTLCG RHEN ]HQQ COO
RCN [CHDQN HLOU RLZHO T[W ]OLNC LFND ]LINDH C]L[HCFQ [HTC
PUKD HGI GU [HTLCD [ZLUN PUK FHUH KU ROGO TH]D CDHQG SLLO[HCQ L[ ]KLO RN HQNH
IT IUD RSJHL [F C[QLQNH G[H]G RQ RLZHO ]D[HUQ [HTLCG ]HQQN ODC ]HQQ COO
[HTLC ]LIN GD RLC ON ]HQQ O ]DH[U]D PE GC[S HK ]H[HTC ]HONCQ PDQ[G L[DFQ POHCH
T[W ]OLNC LFN L PCH G[H]GQ GOKD >PDQ[G ]KLO PLYLD OD ]LI CHG@ T[W ]OLNC LFND
RNH E PHL OHDK CHIJ LWU [HTLCO V[KYQ []G PGD RLZHO RNQ ]HJWD HOLWC PLFZD POHCH RLZHO
ROGO
ISZ PLJTW PL[HU XDHZ CLL DJ [IULJCD PE UH LG PLJDIO ]HWTHGD LGZD FFLY
POHCH ]D[HUQ [HTLCG ]HQQN [DLF CO SLO[HCQ L[G COG TG RHLOED CZU[ O H]GLQ] OU GQ] CHIJG
C
UQQ RN HD]NH FHUH ]UF]HJG KZS RNH GU COC HSLC [HTLCG O ]HQQD VC SLO[HCQ L[GO RLDG CZU[
CLL DJ [IULJC ]HD U TH]D
UNK PL[QHCN [ZLUO KZS DJY UHD [CHDQ RSD[F HC C]L[HCF [ZLUN PUK PC PLSHC[G ]ZHOJQ [ZLUD
D
]HUQQN COFH FHUH L[LCQG JZH[G OHNCG OUD CD[ GI[ FDC[ TH]G LOUDQ FHUH ][ ]KLN C]L[HCF
]HZWTD OZGO VLST P]HUO RSD[F UNK ]H[DHTG ]HKLG ]C V[YO GNOGO HD]N LH CDKL[H RDQ[ L[ PDQ[G
JTHT IU ]UF VTHLD CDHQD UUH
KU VF
J GKHTD RLHYQD U
[HGK HNH] LOFD [QC CD[ GLD[F CG GLFLF CG CLZ CO [QC LLDC
CYHL HSLSWO GSGH PLCS] ]ZHOJQ ]FQUGD DLLO CD[ O HN[F ]QHUO C]QLZHCD ]H[L]TG DLO QND LLDC O HN[F
GIG OONG RQ
GS
]UF VTHL
PL ML[YGO H[LQJG RSD[FQ ODC G[H] RLFQ HSLLG CDH[D HSLQD RLQ CDH[D RSD[ [HQCH
HGSCYQ RSD[ [HQC RHOH FL[ LWU > IY RLOHJD HQYU CD[ L[DFNH@ HSLQ HSLCD RLQ HQN [HTLCG FESN []GD
LDY [G D [LUG LWNH G[H] RLF OU
CKZ FHL UHD [CHDQN RSD[FQ RLD G[H]G RQ RLD DH[D GOHKLD RLF DLD DL ]DH[U] OU [WOQ FL[G USQS
CDH[D PLQUWH C]HIJD PLQUW CQUKD GSLF PLQUW ]DH[U] EHT H]HCD [DFQ CD[ UQQ PL[DFG KW PHQ GC[SN
JOD JOD COC MLL RLC GIH
H]HCD []GD GOLNC [HTLC ]DH[U]D GC[QD C]HIJ CNLCF CNLG >J[NHQ HSLC PEG@ [WO []HL JHS GLG ILWOH
OKD CO ]DH[U]G GC[Q ]C GSL PC G[H]G RQ DH[D OKD HSLQD RLQ WUC GI LWO CYLH CDH[D H CQUKD O RLSU
]DH[U]D L[Q GC[S ]QC ]WD MN OU [LUG [DNH GC[QD PLLHO]G PL[DF OU [DHFQ [WH RN D]N CO L[ ODC
CDZ FHLD GNH FU ]CKJ ][H]D CQ[G D]N GQ OU CLHZ L[Q RLC D]NH OON UDHZ GC[QG RLC PL[HTLC
R]LS GLG L[W COHO CWG D]N POHCH GIO GFHQ L[ PE [WCH RSD[FQ P HL[DF LN GC[Q LHSLD [LQJGO
]HUF HZOJS [DNH HQHZQ QOH EQWG PD CDHQ L]LC[ RNH GC[QG ]C GSL ON OKD HSLC G[H]G RQ PE [WO
UU HCO PC >GC[QO PLLHUG PL[DFD WNU@ PL[THC GC[QG LWU P]DH[U] ][NLS GOLNC L[HTLC PCG [DFD PLSH[JCG
DN ]HJSQ FZG ][GK E ]DH[U]G [WT RGN ]JSQ CDZ FHL PLZTHWD
RZIG OOG OU HLOU H[QC CLS]F CLG OOG HI ]C HI ]HOKDQ ]HYQ RLC [QCF GLO ]UQ RCQ
RQ RN FQO WUC HGONCL PL[[QH ]HYQ OU [QCS PHQ RONHCH ]JC ]DD RN[HN GLG
U COC GF HKZ PLJTWD TH]G HZG RN HI ]C HI ]HOKDQ RSLC ]HHYQ CQOUD [DHT GLC[ GQH DH]NG
LSWD [H[QH GYQ DH OHNCO ML[Y GLG ICI ]HOKDQ ]HHYQ [DHT GLG HOLC [WO L HY[] GQ
GYQ ]HYQ PLLZO PEH HGHONCL PL[[QH ]HYQ OU DH]NG PLLZO LFN JTWG PU P]NL[NO VTHSD PQYU
HI ]HOKDQ RLC ]HHYQ [DHT L[G ][JC GYQ ONC CO UQQ RN RN GU CO MNQH [H[QH
QZ JHC T]J ]HD UH VTHS [DTG UH ]QC ]W LWU HI ]C
R]WG KHJ ]LHHK M[HYO CQK HKLTQ JO GLG PCH [HGK HKLTQ GFS H]CHHK R]W DU
GWHN HSLC CT ]HDH]N ]NTQD [CHDQN ZH[D HJOJOO LFN [LF] GWD HS]LO PLNL[Y HLG
PL]WG ]C KD[QH GWG ]C JL[TQ R]W LSWQ R]WD ]HUO
JDIQG OU R]SLL D[HUQG OHTWG PFGH [QC CWW D[ FZQD G[IE RL[IHED FLDI D[ [QC
L[DCD PLZOHJG PLQNJ ]UFO VC PLQ CHG HOLCN RLCH[ PL[QHC GID TH]G HD]NH@ CQOUD PLQN
>JDIQO OON PLLHC[ PSLCH PLOHTWD [DHFQ RHLN ]CKJ
[IULOC LD[ ]UFO VC PLYUN JDIQO P]HC PLOUQ RLC UD[SH UDH[H RLQHQ LOUD ]DH[U]D WUCH
ROGOH IU OLUOFN LTLCQF PHQ PUKGH >C[ [L]G FJCG O HC[ D[Z PHQ Z[ IU OLUO GSQD [CHDQN@
JU OLUO [ LWU PLOHTW P]HCD RCN [DHFQ RLC [QHO ML[Y CW
RLCH [G [LUG LWN UD[SH UDH[ PE D]N GSQD L[ MC HSQIO XHJ KJSG RHEN RLOHTW [W GSQD FL[G
PL[QHC RLC QUD PFD C[ GFHQ UQQ MHQTD GSQD L[G GQYU GQGDD COC PFD [HQC HSLC TLCQ F CQUKF [QHO
UYH ZQKD U LTLCQF PHQ PUKGH PLQ CHG HOLCN PLCH[
HS
KU VF t PLJDI
PLSH[JC PLZTHWQ PLKHZLO
PL[HTLC ]DH[U] RLSUD PLOONH PLSLF O KUHQ KZO GSG
RL[HTLC RLC MN HI ]C HI ]HOKDQ ]HHYQ RLC PN [IUOC LD[ [QCF [IUOC LD[F CELOWH
DHLJD CHG []HS RFLF RHFLS RHEN HSQQ [HQJD D[U]S OZ [HTLC PE UQQ HI ]C HI RLOKDQ
RLZHO RLC [HTLC PU HLOU RLZHO [HTLCD RLFG CHGH ][ND HSLC CQKD D[U]S HONHCO ][N
GIDH GF I ZJYL [NI LWU GI ]C GI OKDQ RLC
POHCH GI ]C GI PLOKDQ PL[HTLC RLC [IUOC [N KZS NJL RLFZHQG LOHTW PDQ[G GNOG RLSUO
LZO L[N HZTW GC[S LDDH KJY FHL UHGH [HKGH DN GDH]D C[G PF OG EGD L[DFQ
JFO DJ LHOG ]LDD UUH GI ]C GI RLOKDQ RL[HTLC
[DFG LHS G[HCNOH DLLJ RD[U []HSH OHELW PDQ[G ]UF ]C Z[ GNOGO CLDG OI JJGO PLFZG ][H] D UYH
[HQCN PLZTHWG ]ZHOJQD
[DF GOLNCD ]DH[U]G G[HTC DLD DL ]HH ]HLHQND GID GI HD[U]S PLSH PL[HTLC GO
JY FHL GL[FH JD LD U RLZHO RLC COC G[H]
GOLNCD PL[HTC []G ]LIN FHUH [JC [HTLC O ]LIN PU D[U]S [HTLC O ]LIND RLFG CHG GC[SH
IL DJ [IULJC ]UF ]HJ [WTD D]N HQN COF G[H]G RQ
RSD[FQ COC PL[HTC PSLCH GI ]C GI PLOKDQ PL[HTLC LS G[H]G RQ JZT JY FHL ]UF]HJG ]UFH
[HTLC ON []G LZOJ GU]H PLQJ PU >JOD JO@ HD[U]S GIQ GI GSH PQUK PL[HTLC LS
E[HQ PGQ FJC O HQUK RLC L[G H[LDJ ]C OKDO LFN PLO HQLOQH []GG LZOJ PU V[KYQ
JY LTHT FHL UHHK DN C[G ]H LWU ]DH[U]D
KU VLUT P RJOG MH[UD UH H[DJ ]C GOUQ FJCG RLC ]JC ]DD PL[HTLCG HOWS PC [QHO ZWZW GDD[QOHEFG
HL[DF OU GQ]
PUK RHLN [IUOC LD[ GI ]C GI PLOKDQ PL[HTLC RLC [QHCG ]UFO VC RHNS GI RLF PL[QHC L
JY L][N LWU DLD DL ]DH[U]D COC C[QED HZOJS COH HFESN PLD OKD [HTLCH [HTLC ON
CQGW DZUL ]JSQ LWU PLZOHJ LH FHUH EG ]DH[U]G [U EQW FNZT
]DH[U]D PUK R]HS HSLC HFDO FJC ON L[GH PQUKD PLH PSLC RHLN FJC HCO Q PGLS HOLWCH
[]LGH [HTLC D D]N HQN []HQ ONG
[HTCO RLW[KYQ RLC TH]G ]UFO OHDL]G E[HQ PGLS LU ODC GH PQUK RLC RGLQHFH PLSLOD]
L PC [HTCO RLW[KYQ PDQ[GOH FDC[G ]UFD GC[S RNH GID CYHLNH GZL]Q LSLQ PGLS PC COC
PLSH RLHCO D RLFG RNH > HSLQD RLQ HDJL PQD PLH HGL ML[Y VC HC@ V]HQ LOON P PGO
PLSH[JC GQN ]UF POHCH L H G F D ]HL]HC L LT DJ [IULJC LWU []HSH OHELWN RW[YQG LOON HCO PGO L
HI ]C HI OKDO ]HW[KYQ ]HNL]JG RLC GSH PQUK HOLWC FJC [HTLCD
PUK ]SL]SD []GG ]C [HTCO PLW[KYQ V]HQ P PGO L PC PQUKD PLHG PLSH PL[HTLC
LL DJ [IULJC [HTCO RLC PLSHC[G L[DFQ UQQ PQD PLH PSLC PCH
IS
]UF VTHL
L POHCH ]DH[U]D E[HQ PQUK L[G H[DJ ]C OKDO V[KYQ FJC [HTLC RLC PLH PLQUKD KZT FHHJG ]UFH
GI RWHCD PLQNJ H[LQJG CO HSLQ HSLC HKC H[IE PLQNJ Z[H DH[D OKD G[H] RLFQ RHLN PSLQQ GLG []GG PC PL[QHC
EQWU PLZOHJ LH HZT [H ]HCHD] LWU
>PQUKD LLDCOH@ PQD PLH RN PC COC R]DH[U] [HTCO PLW[KYQ PSLC FJC [HTLC O PLSLQ LS
E ]HCD UH HL P
RHEN GGI PQUK PC []G PU PGLS HD[U]SH OD]O LFN FJC OND RLC [HTLC O RLOD] LSLQ LS
[DFG LHO] [QHO L E[HQ OHDL]G PEG HCO PCH ]DH[U]G PL[THC GZL]Q LSLQ PGLS
L]LC[H GF D PLJDIO ]HWTHGD DZUL ]HOLGZD UUH P PLSHC[G ]ZHOJQD
W VF
OD OU [DHU CHG L[G UHGL LD[ HO [QC U[E] OD OU [DHU CHG L[G [IULOC LD[ HO [QC
H[WTD RDQ[G L[DFQ HQYUD CHGN COC VLTH] OD [QCS CO [IULOC LD[ HO [QC VLTH]
PFG R]QD H]WTHGD RLHNQ HSLC WUC VLTH] OD [HTLC PLLZ UHGL [ ]UFO GC[S JN G[ G ]HQJOQ
GHYQ PO
PO RLHNQ HSLC ON VLTH] OD [HTLC RLC GSHHN ]HNL[Y ]HHYQ [QHCG ]UFO H[QC LW OU VCH
RLSUO [DFG GSH >GSHHNG [LTJG L[G G[N GHYQ HI RLC [NGD RN GHU GLG HOLC PE LN@ GHYQ
GKLJ PO RLHNL ML[YH PLFZD ZTU]Q COC OHTW RLC@ GHYQ ]SHHN PLNL[Y PSLC LSWQ PLFZ
COH ZWTG RQ ]CYO LFN ]WTH]G R]HS PC PE RNOH >PLFZ ]KLJ ]HYQ ]SHHN PO CZHF HCO ODC
VLTH] OD PHQ [DHU GHYQ PO
L[G RN RHLNH VLTH] OD RLC GHYQ PO RLHNQ HSLC ON PLFZD PE [DT [IULOC LD[ HOLCH
MWGO UHGL [OH@ U[E] OD OU [DHUH H]HYQQ U[EQ HGL[G ]]O OHNL PFG R]L CO PC GD[FC
HFDO CHGN COC U[E] OD [QCS CO [QC HGIH FDOD FJC R]HS PC U[E] OD GI RLC UD[C ]]O HO [HTC RHLN
GHYQG PLLZLH UD[C R]L CO UHFQ U[E] OD RLCH VLTH] OD RLCH ]HLG PL[WQG H[LUG GQ DL]Q GIDH [WO GC[S RN
>PL[HCDHPLHFJDH ]QC]WD U
[DU CO RLHNQ HSLC ON GSHHN PLNL[Y PSLC PLFZD VC [CHDQ TG OU PLD]ND J[EG PDH
VLTH] ODD [DHU H]UFO RNOH GSHHN ]HNL[Y RSLC ]HHYQ [DHT UHGL [H GSHHN ]HNL[Y ]HHYQ FQO
]HHYQ PC ]ZHOJQD [DFG LHO] PLFZD PE PLJTW LGO [HCQG OU HL]HEGD FDC[G RHOQ HJLNHG RNH
HCO PC GSHHN ]HNL[Y
]QLLZ]Q GHYQG PHQ HGI GHYQ ]SHHN PLNL[Y PSLC PLFZ WUC [DFG PUK J[EG [WH
PLSF HSCN ODC ]QLLZ]Q GHYQG ]QCDN Z[ [HQC GI MC [N RD[ZG GFDHUG PYUD GLOCQ
CO L[G GHYQ GUQ OON RCN RLC DH ]QCD GHYQ PHLZ RCN RLC RWHCD VLTH] OD [HTLC LWON
OU [DU CO GSHHN COO VLTHG PC FQO GSHHN ]HNL[YG ]HHYQO GQHF GI L[GH GHYQ PO RHHLN
VLTH] OD
CLG GSHHNG HQYUO CHGN COC U[E] OD VLTH] OD [QCS CO H[QC GI GC[S G[HCNO
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